Quenya 

ezel

green

ezel, ezella adj. "green" (in Vanyarin Quenya only). Adopted and adapted from Valarin. (WJ:399)

ezel(la)

adjective. green

laica

green

laica (1) adj. "green" (in older sources laiqua) (Letters:282, PE17:159). Laicolassë (laica + #olassë) "green-foliage" (PE17:46), Quenya cognate of Sindarin Laegolas (dialectal form Legolas); compare olassië. Adj. laicalassë "green as leaves", literally "green-leaf" (PE17:56).

laica

adjective. green

Cognates

  • S. laeg “fresh and green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), fresh” ✧ Let/282; PE17/084; PE17/159
  • Nan. lego “green” ✧ Let/282

Derivations

  • laikā “green” ✧ Let/282
    • LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ Let/282
  • LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ PE17/159

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
laikā > laica[laikā] > [laika]✧ Let/282
LAY > laika[laikā] > [laika]✧ PE17/159

Variations

  • laikā ✧ PE17/084
  • laika ✧ PE17/159
Quenya [Let/282; PE17/056; PE17/084; PE17/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laiqua

green

laiqua ("q")adj. "green" (LÁYAK, LT1:267, MC:214), "Qenya" pl. laiquali ("q")(MC:216). Occurs in the phrase laiqua'ondoisen ("q") "green-rocks-upon" (MC:221; this is "Qenya"), Laiqualassë ("q") masc. name "Legolas" (Greenleaf) (LT1:267). Used as noun in the phrase mi laiqua of somebody clad "in green" (PE17:71). In later material, the word for "green" appears as laica, and the cognate of Legolas is said to be Laicolassë, q.v. (PE17:56)

laiqua

adjective. green

Changes

  • laiqualaikā “green” ✧ PE17/084

Cognates

  • S. laeg “fresh and green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), fresh” ✧ PE17/153
  • Nan. lego “green” ✧ PE17/153

Derivations

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
laiquā > laiqua[laikwā] > [laikwa]✧ PE17/153
Quenya [PE17/071; PE17/084; PE17/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

céva

fresh, new

céva ("k")adj. "fresh, new" (VT48:7, 8)

virya

fresh

virya (1) adj. "fresh" (VT46:22)

wenya

green, yellow-green, fresh

wenya adj. "green, yellow-green, fresh" (GWEN), apparently "fair, beautiful" ("probably originally "fresh, fair, unblemished especially of beauty of youth") in a later deleted note (PE17:191).

palis

sward, lawn

palis noun "sward, lawn" (LT1:264)

palis

noun. sward, green, lawn

Derivations

  • PAL “wide, broad, extended, wide, broad, extended; [ᴹ√] wide (open); [ᴱ√] flatness”

paswa

noun. sward

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶pathmā “level place, sward”
    • ᴹ√PATH “*smooth” ✧ Ety/PATH
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Sindarin 

calen

adjective. green

Sindarin [Ety/362, S/429, Letters/282, RC/349, VT/42:19] Etym. "bright-coloured". Group: SINDICT. Published by

calen

green

(galen) _ adj. _green (fresh, vigorous). galen after a sg. noun. Q. kălina (lit. illumined) sunny, light.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:77:153] < GAL. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeb

adjective. green

_ adj. _green. A theoretical equivalent to Q. laiqua but that did not exist in Sindarin.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:153] < _laiqua_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

green

_ adj. _green. >> Legolas

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:84] < _laikā_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

adjective. green

_ adj. _green (of leaves, herbage). Q. laika.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:159] < LAY. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

calen

adjective. green; fresh, vigorous; †bright, green; †bright, [N.] bright-coloured; [S.] fresh, vigorous

Cognates

  • Q. calima “bright, luminous” ✧ PE17/153
  • Q. calina “light, bright, sunny, (lit.) illumined” ✧ PE17/153; VT42/19

Derivations

  • KAL “light; shine, be bright, light; shine, be bright, [ᴱ√] shine golden” ✧ PE17/153; PE17/153; SA/calen; SA/kal

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
KAL > calen[kalinā] > [kalina] > [kalena] > [kalen]✧ PE17/153
KAL > calen[kalinā] > [kalina] > [kalena] > [kalen]✧ PE17/153
kal- > calen[kalinā] > [kalina] > [kalena] > [kalen]✧ SA/calen
kal- > Gelin[kalini] > [kelini] > [kelin]✧ SA/calen
kal- > calen[kalinā] > [kalina] > [kalena] > [kalen]✧ SA/kal

Variations

  • Calen ✧ VT42/19
Sindarin [Let/282; PE17/077; PE17/120; PE17/153; RC/349; SA/calen; SA/kal; UT/281; VT42/19] Group: Eldamo. Published by

cîw

adjective. fresh, new

Sindarin [VT/48:7-8] Group: SINDICT. Published by

laeb

adjective. fresh

Sindarin [Ety/368, VT/45:26, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

laew

adjective. fresh

_ adj. _fresh.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:159] < LAY. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laew

adjective. fresh

Derivations

  • LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ PE17/159

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
LAY > laew[laiwa] > [laiw] > [laew]✧ PE17/159
Sindarin [PE17/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laeg

adjective. "viridis", fresh and green

Seldom used (replaced by calen )

Sindarin [Letters/282, Letters/382] Group: SINDICT. Published by

laeg

adjective. fresh and green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), fresh

Cognates

  • Q. laica “green” ✧ Let/282; PE17/084; PE17/159
  • Q. laiqua “green” ✧ PE17/153

Derivations

  • laikā “green” ✧ Let/282
    • LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ Let/282
  • laikwā ✧ PE17/153
  • LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ PE17/159

Element in

  • ᴺS. laegas “verdure, greenness”
  • S. Laegel “Green-elves”
  • ᴺS. laeglin(n) “greenfinch”
  • S. Laegolas “Green-foliage” ✧ Let/282; PE17/084; PE17/159

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
laikā > laeg[laikā] > [laika] > [laik] > [laig] > [laeg]✧ Let/282
laiquā > laeb[laikwā] > [laipā] > [laipa] > [laip] > [laib] > [laeb]✧ PE17/153
LAY > laeg[laika] > [laik] > [laig] > [laeg]✧ PE17/159

Variations

  • laeb ✧ PE17/153 (laeb)
Sindarin [Let/282; Let/382; PE17/084; PE17/153; PE17/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sâdh

noun. sward, turf

Sindarin [VT/42:20] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calen

green

1) (etymologically "bright") calen (lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath **Gelin, "Green Ridges"). 2) laeg (fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas** ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386).

calen

green

(lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath Gelin, "Green Ridges").

laeg

green

(fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386). 

lasgalen

leaf-green

(pl. lesgelin).

cîw

fresh

1) cîw (lenited gîw; no distinct pl. form) (new), 2) laeb (no distinct pl. form). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” lhoeb (LR:368 s.v. LÁYAK) 3) laeg (green), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386).

parth

sward

1) parth (i barth, o pharth) (field, enclosed grassland), pl. perth (i pherth), 2) sâdh (i hâdh, o sâdh, construct sadh) (turf), pl. saidh (i saidh) (VT42:20)

parth

sward

(i barth, o pharth) (field, enclosed grassland), pl. perth (i pherth)

pathu

sward

*pathu (i bathu) (level place), analogical pl. pethy (i phethy). Cited in archaic form pathw in the source (LR:380 s.v. PATH), hence the coll. pl. is likely pathwath.

pathu

sward

(i bathu) (level place), analogical pl. pethy (i phethy). Cited in archaic form pathw in the source (LR:380 s.v. PATH), hence the coll. pl. is likely pathwath.

sâdh

sward

(i hâdh, o sâdh, construct sadh) (turf), pl. saidh (i saidh) (VT42:20)

Quendya 

ezel(la)

adjective. green

Element in

Variations

  • ezel/ezella ✧ WJ/399

Nandorin 

lego

adjective. green

Cognates

  • Q. laica “green” ✧ Let/282
  • Q. laiqua “green” ✧ PE17/153

Derivations

  • laikā “green” ✧ Let/282
    • LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ Let/282
  • laikwā ✧ PE17/153

Element in

  • Nan. Legolas “Greenleaf” ✧ Let/282; PE17/153

Variations

  • leg ✧ Let/282
  • lēgo ✧ PE17/153
  • lĕgo ✧ PE17/153
Nandorin [Let/282; PE17/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

laikā

adjective. green

Derivations

  • LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ Let/282

Derivatives

  • Nan. lego “green” ✧ Let/282
  • Q. laica “green” ✧ Let/282
  • S. laeg “fresh and green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), green, viridis, green (of leaves/herbiage), fresh” ✧ Let/282
Primitive elvish [Let/282] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwen

root. fresh, *green, fair, unblemished, beautiful

@@@ might still be valid for Quenya derivations in the Etymologies

Element in

  • ᴺQ. wenwa “lime (fruit)”
Primitive elvish Group: Neologism. Published by

Noldorin 

calen

adjective. green

Noldorin [Ety/362, S/429, Letters/282, RC/349, VT/42:19] Etym. "bright-coloured". Group: SINDICT. Published by

calen

adjective. green, (orig.) bright-coloured

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. kalina “light” ✧ Ety/KAL

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KAL “shine” ✧ Ety/KAL

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KAL > calen[kalinā] > [kalina] > [kalena] > [kalen]✧ Ety/KAL
Noldorin [Ety/KAL; LR/305] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhaeb

adjective. fresh

Noldorin [Ety/368, VT/45:26, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhoeb

adjective. fresh

Noldorin [Ety/368, VT/45:26, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhoeb

adjective. fresh

Changes

  • lhaeblhoeb ✧ Ety/LÁYAK

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. laiqa “green” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶laikwā “fresh” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
    • ᴹ√LAYAK “*fresh, green” ✧ Ety/LAIK; Ety/LÁYAK

Element in

  • N. Lhoebelidh “Green-elves” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK; EtyAC/LÁYAK (Lhebenidh/Lhebelidh)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶laı̯k-wā > lhoeb[laikwa] > [laipa] > [laip] > [l̥aip] > [l̥aib] > [l̥oeb]✧ Ety/LÁYAK
ᴹ✶laı̯k-wā > lhaeb[laikwa] > [laipa] > [laip] > [l̥aip] > [l̥aib] > [l̥aeb]✧ Ety/LÁYAK

Variations

  • lhaeb ✧ EtyAC/LÁYAK (lhaeb)
Noldorin [Ety/LÁYAK; EtyAC/LÁYAK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

laiqa

adjective. green

Cognates

  • N. lhoeb “fresh” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
  • Ilk. laig “fresh, lively; keen, sharp” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶laikwā “fresh” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
    • ᴹ√LAYAK “*fresh, green” ✧ Ety/LAIK; Ety/LÁYAK

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶laı̯k-wā > laiqa[laikwā] > [laikwa]✧ Ety/LÁYAK

venya

adjective. green, yellow-green, fresh

Cognates

  • Ilk. gwene “green” ✧ Ety/GWEN

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GWEN “*fresh, green” ✧ Ety/GWEN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GWEN > wenya[gwenja] > [ɣwenja] > [wenja]✧ Ety/GWEN

Variations

  • wenya ✧ Ety/GWEN

virya

adjective. fresh

Derivations

  • ᴹ√WIR “new, fresh, young” ✧ EtyAC/WIR

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√WIR/WĪ/WIRI > virya[wirja] > [virja]✧ EtyAC/WIR

wenya

adjective. green, yellow-green, fresh

Doriathrin

gwene

adjective. green

An adjective for “green” derived from the root ᴹ√GWEN (Ety/GWEN). Its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. wenya suggests its primitive form was ✱✶gwenyā [gwenjā]. If so, it is an example of how, after [[ilk|final [a] was lost]], the [[ilk|final [j] became [i]]] and then became [e], as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Ilkorin/gwene).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. venya “green, yellow-green, fresh” ✧ Ety/GWEN

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GWEN “*fresh, green” ✧ Ety/GWEN

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GWEN > gwene[gwenjā] > [gwenja] > [gwenj] > [gweni] > [gwene]✧ Ety/GWEN
Doriathrin [Ety/GWEN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

gwen

root. *fresh, green

Derivatives

  • Ilk. gwên “greenness” ✧ Ety/GWEN
  • Ilk. gwene “green” ✧ Ety/GWEN
  • ᴹQ. vén “greenness, freshness; youth” ✧ Ety/GWEN
  • ᴹQ. venya “green, yellow-green, fresh” ✧ Ety/GWEN
  • N. bein “fair, beautiful” ✧ Ety/GWEN

Element in

  • ᴺQ. venwa “lime (fruit)”
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GWEN; Ety/WEN; EtyAC/GWIN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

layak

root. *fresh, green

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶laikwā “fresh” ✧ Ety/LAIK; Ety/LÁYAK
    • Ilk. laig “fresh, lively; keen, sharp” ✧ Ety/LAIK
    • Dan. Leikvir
    • ᴹQ. laiqa “green” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
    • N. lhoeb “fresh” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK

Variations

  • LÁYAK ✧ Ety/LAIK; Ety/LÁYAK
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LAIK; Ety/LÁYAK; EtyAC/LAYA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laikwā

adjective. fresh

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LAYAK “*fresh, green” ✧ Ety/LAIK; Ety/LÁYAK

Derivatives

  • Ilk. laig “fresh, lively; keen, sharp” ✧ Ety/LAIK
  • Dan. Leikvir
  • ᴹQ. laiqa “green” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
  • N. lhoeb “fresh” ✧ Ety/LÁYAK

Variations

  • laikwa ✧ Ety/LAIK
  • laı̯k-wā ✧ Ety/LÁYAK
  • laik-wā ✧ EtyAC/LÁYAK
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LAIK; Ety/LÁYAK; EtyAC/LÁYAK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

laib

adjective. green

Changes

  • glaibglaib “green” ✧ GL/39

Cognates

  • Eq. laiqa “green” ✧ GL/39; PE15/28

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LAẎA “be alive, flourish” ✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi

Element in

  • G. Legolas “Greenleaf” ✧ PE15/28
  • G. Laigolas “Green-leaf” ✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi
  • G. laibrin “green, fresh, youthful” ✧ GL/52

Variations

  • glaib ✧ GL/39 (glaib); LT1A/Tári-Laisi
  • Laib ✧ PE15/28
  • laigo- ✧ PE15/28 (laigo-)
Gnomish [GL/39; GL/52; LT1A/Tári-Laisi; PE15/28] Group: Eldamo. Published by

brag

adjective. fresh

Element in

  • G. bractha- “to refresh; to revive, arouse, awaken” ✧ GL/23
  • G. brageth “freshness” ✧ GL/23

Variations

  • Brag ✧ GL/23

laibrin

adjective. green, fresh, youthful

laug

adjective. (of plants) alive, having sap, green, vigorous

Cognates

  • Eq. lausiva “living (of plants)”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LAWA “*life (esp. plants)”

Early Noldorin

lhaiw

adjective. green

Early Noldorin [PE13/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

laika

adjective. green

laiqa

adjective. green

Changes

  • laiqalúne ✧ PE16/056
  • laiqalaiq’ ✧ PE16/062

Cognates

  • G. laib “green” ✧ GL/39; PE15/28

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LAẎA “be alive, flourish” ✧ LT1A/Tári-Laisi; PME/052; QL/052

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√LAẎA > laiqa[laðʲkʷā] > [laðʲkʷa] > [lajkʷa] > [laikʷa]✧ QL/052

Variations

  • laika ✧ PE16/139
Early Quenya [GL/39; LT1A/Tári-Laisi; MC/214; MC/216; MC/221; PE14/083; PE15/28; PE16/056; PE16/062; PE16/065; PE16/072; PE16/074; PE16/077; PE16/100; PE16/104; PE16/139; PME/052; QL/052; VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

palis(te)

noun. sward, green, lawn

A word appearing as ᴱQ. palis (palist-) or paliste “sward, green, lawn” in the Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√PALA (QL/71).

Neo-Quenya: Since the root √PAL survived in Tolkien’s later writings with a similar sense, I think ᴺQ. palis (palist-) “sward, green, lawn” can be retained for purposes of Neo-Quenya. Boris Shapiro instead suggested the neologism ᴺQ. paswa “sward” in PPQ (PPQ) from the early 2000s, derived from ᴹ✶pathmā, but I prefer to use an attested word.

Derivations

  • ᴱ√PALA “flatness” ✧ LT1A/Palúrien; QL/071

Derivatives

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√PALA > palis[balist] > [balis] > [palis]✧ QL/071

Variations

  • palis ✧ LT1A/Palúrien; QL/071
  • paliste ✧ QL/071
Early Quenya [LT1A/Palúrien; QL/071] Group: Eldamo. Published by

loite

adjective. fresh

Derivations

  • ᴱ√LAWA “*life (esp. plants)” ✧ QL/052

Element in

  • Eq. il(l)oite “withered, dead” ✧ QL/041

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√LAW̯A > law̯iti- > loite[lawiti] > [lawite] > [lauite] > [loite]✧ QL/052
Early Quenya [QL/041; QL/052] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tuilenda

adjective. spring-like; fresh, sprouting, green

Early Quenya [QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by