Quenya zR5Ì#
-ro 0
he-ro pronominal ending "he", in antaváro, q.v. In Tolkiens later Quenya, the ending -s covers both "he", "she" and "it".
anta- 0
giveanta- (1) vb. "give" (ANA1, MC:215, 221), pa.t. antanë (antanen "I gave", VT49:14) or †ánë, perfect ánië (PE17:147, cf. QL:31). According to VT49:14, Tolkien noted that anta- was sometimes often with an "ironic tone" to refer to missiles, so that antanen hatal sena "I gave him a spear (as a present)" was often used with the real sense of "I cast a spear at him". Usually the recipient of the thing given is mentioned in the dative or allative case (like sena in this example), but there is also a construction similar to English "present someone with something" in which the recipient is the object and the gift appears in the instrumental case: antanenyes parmanen, "I presented him with a book" (PE17:91). The verb occurs several times in FS: antalto"they gave"; strangely, no past tense marker seems to be present (see -lto for the ending); antar a pl. verb translated "they gave", though in LotR-style Quenya it would rather be the present tense "give" (pl.); antaróta "he gave it" (anta-ró-ta "gave-he-it"), another verb occurring in Fíriel's Song, once again with no past tense marker. Also antáva "will give", future tense of anta- "give"; read perhaps *antuva in LotR-style Quenya; similarly antaváro* "he will give" (LR:63) might later have appeared as antuvas (with the ending -s rather than "Qenya" -ro for "he"). Antalë imperative "give thou" (VT43:17), sc. anta "give" + the element le "thou", but this was a form Tolkien abandoned. Apparently ana** was at one point considered as another imperative "give", but Tolkien rewrote the text in question (VT44:13), and the normal patterns would suggest *á anta with an independent imperative particle.
-mo 0
suffix. agental suffixVariations of the word: -mo.
Elements
Word Gloss Source mo one - Element in: Q. astarmo, Q. ciryamo, Q. Curumo, Q. enelmo, Q. Estelmo, Q. Herucalmo, Q. ingolmo, Q. Írimon, Q. Irmo, Q. Isilmo, Q. Maitimo, Q. Námo, Q. Nólimon, Q. nolmo, Q. onótimo, Q. ormo, Q. Súlimo, Q. tirmo, Q. Ulmo
-r(o) 0
suffix. agental suffixVariations of the word: -r.
Element in: Q. Avar, Q. Envinyatar, Q. Istar, Q. maitar, Q. nostar, Q. ohtar, Q. Telcontar
-s 0
suffix. heAlso glossed as “she”, “it; him”, “her”, “it”, “3rd person singular animate”, “3rd person singular neuter”, “3rd person singular”, “3rd person objective singular”, “[Singular] 3”.
Variations of the word: -s, se, -sse.
-ssë⁴ 0
suffix. heAlso glossed as “she”, “it”.
essë 0
heessë (2) pron? "he" (and also "she, it"?), possible emphatic 3rd sg. emphatic pronoun, attested in the sentence essë úpa nas "he is dumb" (PE17:126)
se 0
he, she, itse (1) pron. "he, she, it" also object "him, her, it", 3rd person sg. Used "of living things including plants" (VT49:37; the corresponding inaimate pronoun is sa). The pronoun comes directly from se as the original stem-form (VT49:50). Stressed form sé, VT49:51, attested in object position in melin sé "I love him" (VT49:21). Ósë "with him/her", VT43:29; see ó-. Long dative/allative sena "[to/for] him" or "at him", VT49:14, allative senna "to him/her" (VT49:45, 46). Compare the reflexive pronoun insë *"himself, herself".
se 0
pronoun. heAlso glossed as “she”, “it (animate)”, “independent 3rd person pronoun”, “him”, “animate”, “it”, “S[ingular] 3”.
Variations of the word: se.Inflections
Word Form Gloss Source sen(na) allative to him PE17/091.4105 sena dative to him VT49/14.1807 senna allative - VT49/45.3910