lé

way

lé (1) noun "way" = "method, manner" ("as in that is not As way"). Not to be confused with lé as a stressed form of le = plural "you"; Tolkien was himself dissatisfied with this clash (PE17:74).

men

way

men (2) noun "way" (SA) or "place, spot" (MEN)

men

noun. way, way; [ᴹQ.] place, spot

Cognates

• S. men “road, way, road, way; [N.] *place”

Derivations

• √MEN “go, move, proceed (in any direction); make for, go towards; have as object, (in)tend; direction, object, point moved toward; region”

Element in

• ᴺQ. catamen “background, milieu”
• Q. formen “north, north, [ᴹQ.] right-hand [direction]” ✧ SA/men
• Q. hyarmen “south, (lit.) left-hand direction” ✧ SA/men
• Q. Ilmen “*Place of Starlight”
• ᴺQ. mancamen “market, (lit.) trade-place”
• ᴺQ. menessë “instead, (lit.) in place”
• Q. mentië “passage, journey, direction of travel”
• ᴺQ. mótamen “office”
• ᴺQ. natsemen “website, (lit.) web-spot”
• Q. númen “west, direction or region of the sunset, occident, (lit.) going down” ✧ SA/men
• ᴺQ. parmen “school, place of study”
• ᴺQ. quermen “a turning, turn, corner (of a street)”
• Q. rómen “east, uprising, sunrise” ✧ SA/men
• ᴺQ. tirmen “theater”
• ᴺQ. tungwemen “tax-office”

wáya-

blow

wáya- "blow" (PE17:34, cf. wanwa), perhaps altered to váva (q.v.; the wording of the source is unclear)

lanya-

weave

lanya- (2) vb. "weave" (LAN)

vand-

way, path

vand- noun "way, path" (LT1:264; a final vowel would seem to be required, but in Tolkien's later Quenya, the words tië or mallë are to be preferred)

were-

weave

were- vb. "weave" (cited as a derivative of the root WER "twine, weave" and maybe a primitive form rather than a Quenya word). (PE17:33)

waita-

to enfold

waita- > vaita- verb "to enfold" (VT46:21)

londa

path

[londa noun "path"], changed by Tolkien to londë noun "road (in sea)" (VT45:28)

tier

path

tier is, besides the pl. form of tië "path" above, an ephemeral word for "so", abandoned by Tolkien in favour of tambë (VT43:17)

vangwë

blow

vangwë noun "blow" (PE17:34), i.e. a blast of wind

váva

blow

váva vb.? "blow" (the wording used in the source is unclear, but wā-ya is said to mean "blow", and after discussing Sindarin forms Tolkien instructs himself to "alter Quenya", introducing a new primitive form ¤wā-wā with váva- as the Quenya outcome. Possibly this still means "blow" as a verb referring to wind.) PE17:34

lé

noun. way, method, manner

Derivations

• √LEÑ “*way, method, manner” ✧ PE17/074

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√LEŊ > lé	[lēŋ] > [lēɣ] > [lē]	✧ PE17/074

Variations

• lé ✧ PE17/074

ratta

noun. track

Cognates

• T. ratta “a track” ✧ NM/363

Derivations

• ✶ratta “a track” ✧ NM/363
  • √RAT “to find a way” ✧ NM/363

Element in

• ᴺQ. rattaraxa “tram, (lit.) track-wagon”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ratta > ratta	[ratta]	✧ NM/363

tarna

crossing, passage

tarna noun "crossing, passage" (LT2:347)

tië

noun. path, road, way, line, path, road, way, line, [ᴹQ.] course, direction, [ᴱQ.] route

Derivations

• ✶tegē “line, road” ✧ PE19/071
  • √TEG “line”

Element in

• Q. Anar caluva tielyanna “The sun shall shine upon your path” ✧ UT/022
• ᴺQ. angatië “railway line, railroad track, (lit.) iron-road”
• Q. ar ilyë tier undulávë lumbulë “and all paths are drowned deep in shadow” ✧ LotR/0377; RGEO/58
• Q. ar lumbulë undulávë ilyë tier “and (heavy) shadow swallowed (lit. down-licked) all roads” ✧ RGEO/59
• Q. imbi Menel Cemenyë menë Ráno tië “between Heaven and Earth goes the path of the Moon” ✧ VT47/11
• Q. mentië “passage, journey, direction of travel” ✧ PE17/013

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶tegē > tie	[tegē] > [teɣē] > [tejē] > [tie]	✧ PE19/071

Variations

• tie ✧ PE17/013; PE17/072; PE19/071; VT47/11

vaita-

to enfold

vaita- vb. "to enfold" (VT46:21), "to wrap" (LT1:271). Older (MET) form waita-.

tië

path, course, line, direction, way

tië noun "path, course, line, direction, way" (TE3, VT47:11); pl. tier in Namárië(Nam, RGEO:67); tielyanna "upon your path" (UT:22 cf. 51; tie-lya-nna "path-your-upon")

ranta

noun. course

Cognates

• S. rant “course, water-channel; lode, course, water-channel; lode, [N.] vein”

Derivations

• ✶rantā “tracks and trails of travellers or explorers that had become habitual and could be followed by others”
  • √RAT “to find a way” ✧ NM/363

pâd

noun. way

men

noun. way, road

men

noun. road, way, road, way; [N.] *place

Cognates

• Q. men “way, way; [ᴹQ.] place, spot”

Derivations

• √MEN “go, move, proceed (in any direction); make for, go towards; have as object, (in)tend; direction, object, point moved toward; region”

Element in

• S. Mengas Dûr “?Dark Gap in the Way”
• S. Men-i-Naugrim “Dwarf Road, (lit.) Way of the Dwarves” ✧ NM/372; UT/280
• ᴺS. uthwen “escape, way out, exit”

Variations

• Menn ✧ NM/372
• Men ✧ UT/280; UTI/Men-i-Naugrim

othlonn

noun. paved way

tharbad

noun. cross-way

pad

track

_ n. _track, road (only of 'roads' or tracks unpaved in open country).

iach

noun. ford, crossing

iach

noun. ford

Derivations

• ᴹ√YAK “*neck”

Element in

• S. Arossiach “Ford(s) of Aros” ✧ S/121
• S. Brithiach “*Gravel Ford” ✧ UT/054
• S. ninniach “rainbow”

rath

noun. course, riverbed

rath

noun. street (in a city)

ŷr

noun. course

pâd

ford

_ n. _ford. Also called athrad 'crossing'.

athrad

noun. (river-)crossing, ford, way

lîr

noun. line, line, [N.] row

Derivations

• ᴹ√LIR “*row”

Element in

• S. aeglir “line of peaks, line of peaks, [N.] range of mountain peaks; [ᴱN.] peak, mountain top” ✧ RC/011

Variations

• lir ✧ RC/011 (lir)

lond

noun. narrow path or strait

lonn

noun. narrow path or strait

lond

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

lonn

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

lîr

line

1) lîr (row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath. 2) tê (i dê, o thê) (way), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath, 3) tî (i dî, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath.

lîr

line

(row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath.

tê

line

(i dê, o thê) (way), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath

tî

line

(i** dî, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i** thî), coll. pl. tíath.

lend

way

(journey), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”

mên

way

1) mên (i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (road), pl. mîn (i mîn), 2) lend (journey), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”, 3) #pâd (construct pad), i bâd, pl. paid (i phaid). Isolated from Tharbad ”Crossroad”. 4) tê (i dê, o thê) (line), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath.

mên

way

(i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (road), pl. mîn (i mîn)

pâd

way

(construct pad), i bâd, pl. paid (i phaid). Isolated from Tharbad ”Crossroad”.

tê

way

(i dê, o thê) (line), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath.

bâd

pathway

(i vâd, construct bad) (beaten track), pl. baid (i maid).

pada

walk

(i bada, i phadar)

gwaeda

enfold

(VT46:21)

imrath

valley

(pl. imraith)

yr

course

; no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. yrath). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” iôr.

dram

blow

dram (i dhram) (heavy stroke), pl. draim (in draim);

dram

blow

(i dhram) (heavy stroke), pl. draim (in draim);

fû Speculative

noun. path

Element in

• S. Fui ’Ngorthrim “Paths of the Dead” ✧ RC/526

imrad

path

(between mountains, hills or through trackless forest) imrad (pass), pl. imraid.

imrad

path

(pass), pl. imraid.

mên

road

mên (i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (way), pl. mîn (i mîn). Cf. also:

mên

road

(i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (way), pl. mîn (i mîn). Cf. also:

nothlir

family line

(family tree); no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. nothliriath.

rath

course

rath (climb, climbing path, street, riverbed), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255)

rath

course

(climb, climbing path, street, riverbed), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255)

râd

path

râd (track), construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh).

râd

path

(track), construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh).

taeg

boundary line

(i daeg, o thaeg) (limit, boundary), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaeg).

ŷr

course

*ŷr (construct yr; no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. yrath). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” iôr.

falas

line of surf

(pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). *(VT42:15)*****

ruin

track

(slot, spoor, footprint), pl. r**ŷn (idh r**ŷn). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” ”rhoein” = rhöin, LR:364 s.v. RUN. Note: a homophone means ”blazing fire, red flame” and also ”fiery red, burning” as an adj.

râd

track

1) (path) râd, construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh), 2) *ruin (slot, spoor, footprint), pl. rŷn (idh rŷn). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” ”rhoein” = rhöin, LR:364 s.v. __. Note: a homophone means ”blazing fire, red flame” and also ”fiery red, burning” as an adj.

râd

track

construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh)

athrad

crossing

1) athrad (ford), pl. ethraid**, 2) iach (ford), pl. iaich**

athrad

crossing

(ford), pl. ethraid, 2) iach (ford), pl. iaich

athrad

ford

athrad, pl. ethraid

athrad

ford

pl. ethraid

tilias

line of peaks

(i** dilias, o thilias), pl. tiliais (i** thiliais), coll. pl. tiliassath.

drambor

blow with fist

(i dhrambor) (clenched fist), pl. dramboer (in dramboer). Archaic ✱drambaur (dram + paur).

batân

noun. road, path, way

A noun variously translated as “road”, “path” or “way” (SD/247, 431; VT24/12) and fully declined on SD/431. This noun also appears in the variant strong-plural form batîn that was sometimes used with Weak I nouns in older and poetic writing (SD/247, 435). Its ordinary weak plural form batânî appears in the declension chart on SD/431. Several authors have suggested (AAD/13, EotAL/BAT) that this noun may be a derivative of the Elvish root ᴹ√BAT “tread” (Ety/BAT). If so, its final element may be the agental suffix -ân, and its initial element may be a verb ✱bat- “walk”, so that the literal sense of the word might be “✱walkway”.

Element in

• Ad. adûn izindi batân tâidô ayadda “[the] road west once went straight, (lit.) west straight road once went” ✧ SD/247
• Ad. adūn batān akhaini ezendi “West road lay straight” ✧ SD/312
• Ad. îdô katha batîna lôkhî “now all ways (are) bent” ✧ SD/247
• Ad. īdō kathī batānī rōkhī-nam “lo! now all ways bent-are” ✧ SD/312

Elements

Word	Gloss
bat-	“to walk”
-ân	“agental suffix”

Variations

• batān ✧ SD/247; SD/312; SD/431

len

root. *way, [ᴹ√] way, (?road)

A variant of √LED in notes from the late 1950s or early 1960s that Tolkien considered to explain the derivation of S. lembas “waybread” (PE17/60). The root ᴹ√LEN “(?road), way” also appeared earlier in The Etymologies of the 1930s as the basis for N. lembas (EtyAC/LEN). Tolkien may have settled on this root when he revised the earlier root ᴹ√LED (Ety/LED) “go, fare, travel” >> √DEL “walk, go, proceed, travel” in the 1959-60 Quendi and Eldar essay (WJ/360), deciding that its inversion √LED was used mainly in Quenya (WJ/363).

A possible precursor to this root is ᴹ√LĒ “go, fare” in the Declension of Nouns (DN) from the early 1930s with derivative ᴹQ. lesto “journey” (PE21/12). This is turn is probably a later iteration of ᴱ√LEHE “come, be sent, approach” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, given as a variant of ᴱ√ELE (QL/52). It is probably the basis for contemporaneous G. len “come, arrived” and G. lentha- “come towards speaker, approach, draw near” (GL/53) and possibly ᴱQ. lehe- or ᴱQ. lehta- “ride” from the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s (PE15/76).

For a discussion of other parallel roots, see √LED and √DEL.

Derivatives

• Q. lenda “journey, journey, *travel, trip” ✧ PE17/060

Element in

• Os. lenn-mbass “way-bread” ✧ PE17/060

way

root. blow (of wind), be disturbed

Derivatives

• ✶wagmē “storm” ✧ PE17/034
  • Q. vangwë “storm; blow, storm, *gale; blow” ✧ NM/237; PE17/034
  • S. gwaew “storm; blow” ✧ NM/237; PE17/034
• ✶waiwa(y) “*wind” ✧ PE17/033; PE17/189
  • Q. vailë “wind, [strong] wind, *gale” ✧ PE17/189
  • Q. váva “*wind” ✧ PE17/033
  • S. gwae “wind” ✧ PE17/033
• ✶waile “*wind” ✧ PE17/189
  • Q. vailë “wind, [strong] wind, *gale” ✧ PE17/189
• ✶wāya “blow” ✧ PE17/034
  • S. gwae “wind” ✧ NM/237; PE17/034
• Q. vailë “wind, [strong] wind, *gale” ✧ PE17/189
• Q. vaire “?wavy” ✧ PE17/034
• Q. váya “ocean, sea, ocean, [stormy] sea” ✧ PE17/033; PE17/034
• S. gwae “wind” ✧ PE17/033; PE17/034; PE17/189
• S. gwael “?wind”

Elements

Word	Gloss
WĀ	“blow; noise of wind, echoic representation of sound of wind”

Variations

• WAYA ✧ PE17/033 (WAYA); PE17/034; PE17/158; PE17/189; PE17/189
• WIW ✧ PE17/033 (WIW); PE17/034; PE17/191
• WAW ✧ PE17/034; PE17/154; PE17/189; PE17/191
• WAKH ✧ PE17/034 (WAKH)

wāya

verb. blow

Changes

• wā-ya → wā-wā “blow” ✧ PE17/034

Derivations

• √WĀ “blow; noise of wind, echoic representation of sound of wind” ✧ NM/237
• √WAY “blow (of wind), be disturbed” ✧ PE17/034

Derivatives

• S. gwae “wind” ✧ NM/237; PE17/034

Variations

• wā-yo ✧ NM/237
• wā-ya ✧ PE17/034
• wāyā ✧ PE17/034

waw

root. blow (of wind), be disturbed

wir

root. weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes

Tolkien used a variety of similar roots for Elvish words having to do with “weaving”, many of them tied to the name of Q. Vairë. The earliest of these was a pair of roots ᴱ√GWERE “whirl, twirl, twist” and unglossed {ᴱ√WIÐI >>} ᴱ√GWIÐI in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, the latter with derivatives like ᴱQ. ’winda “woof” and ᴱQ. ’windele “loom” (QL/103-104). The connection between ᴱ√GWERE and weaving is more obvious in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon where Tolkien said that ✶gwer- “wind, turn, bend” was often used as “plait or weave”, much like ✶gwidh- (GL/46). The most notable weaving word derived from 1910s ✶gwer- was G. Gwerlum “Gloomweaver” (GL/46).

Nothing of this blended paradigm remained in The Etymologies of the 1930s, where Tolkien instead had ᴹ√WEY “wind, weave” as the basis for ᴹQ. Vaire/N. Gwîr “Weaver”, and in this document the root was blended with ᴹ√WAY “enfold” in Quenya because wei > wai (Ety/WEY). Tolkien seems to have abandoned this phonetic rule by the time he wrote his Quenya Notes (QN) from 1957, where he instead said:

> Owing to the use of gwae / gwaew “wind” as in Gwaehir, we must have √WAYA = blow, or be disturbed. √WAYA cannot therefore be used = “weave”, and Vairë has no connexion with winds or stories. EITHER Vairë must become name of Osse’s wife: Q váya is used of sea (as waters, motion). OR Vairë’s name be changed: sc. to Vérë, √WER- “twine, weave”, were-, weave (PE17/33).

Ultimately Tolkien made neither of these changes to Vairë, and this section was rejected. In a set of roots from December 1959 (D59) Tolkien said “√WIRI, weave; hence Vaire (literally ‘weaving’), not from WAY” (PE17/191). The name Q. Vairë “Ever-weaving” was also derived from √WIR in notes associated with the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 (VT39/10). However, in notes from the late 1960s Tolkien said “weaving with cross-threads or withes was represented by the distinct base {WAY >>} WIG, often in strengthened form waig-” (VT42/10 and VT42/29 note #27). So it seems Tolkien continued to vacillate on the weaving roots.

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think the 1959-60 root form √WIR lets us salvage the largest number of words, and it is not clear how Vairë would be derived from late-60s waig-.

Changes

• WAY → WIG ✧ VT42/12

Derivatives

• ✶Wairē “Weaver”
  • Q. Vairë “Weaver, Ever-weaving”
• Q. Vairë “Weaver, Ever-weaving” ✧ PE17/033; PE17/191; VT39/10
• Q. were- “to weave” ✧ PE17/033
• ᴺS. gwir- “to weave”
• ᴺS. gwiril “spindle”

Element in

• ᴺQ. vircolca “basket, (lit.) woven-box”
• ᴺQ. vírina “woven”
• ᴺS. gwer- “to weave, wind, spin, twist”

Variations

• WER ✧ PE17/033 (WER); PE17/191
• WIRI ✧ PE17/158; PE17/191
• WIG ✧ VT42/12
• WAY ✧ VT42/29 (WAY)

wiw

root. blow

leñ

root. *way, method, manner

A root appearing in notes from the late 1950s to early 1960s (PE17/74) where Tolkien was attempting to explain the origin of the adverbial suffix Q. -lë. He said:

> But adverbial forms were available especially for when far separated from verb or subject. The chief was -le. This is probably from √LEŊ, cf. fortified form in Q lenge, gesture, characteristic look, gesture or trait etc., weak verb lenga, behave.

lé as noun also is used in sense of “way”, sc. method, manner, as in “that is not A’s way”. Thus oia, everlasting, oiale, everlastingly. Cf. talle, like that, sille, like this, so, yalle, as (in the same way as).

Tolkien then crossed through the first of these paragraphs, saying: “This won’t do, since le is a pronominal element. It should be ve, oiave”. However, he eventually let the word Q. oialë “forever” stand in the Namarië poem, so perhaps he changed his mind again. Despite their rejection, √LEÑ and its derivatives are extremely useful, and I would treat them as valid for purposes of Neo-Eldarin.

Derivatives

• ✶leñwe
  • Q. lengwë “yearning, desire for what is lost or absent” ✧ PE19/097
• Q. -lë “abstract noun, adverb” ✧ PE17/074
• Q. lé “way, method, manner” ✧ PE17/074
• ᴺQ. lenga- “to behave”
• Q. lenga- “to behave” ✧ PE17/074
• ᴺQ. lengë “gesture, characteristic look, gesture or trait”
• Q. lengë “gesture, characteristic look, gesture or trait” ✧ PE17/074

Variations

• LEŊ ✧ PE17/074 (LEŊ); PE17/159

pat(a)

noun. track, road, way; ford

Derivations

• √PAT “*step, walk”

Derivatives

• S. pâd “a step (action); track, road; ford, a step (action); track, road; ford; [N.] way” ✧ PE17/034; PE17/034

Element in

• ✶thara-pata “crossway” ✧ SA/thar

Variations

• pat- ✧ PE17/034
• pata- ✧ PE17/034
• pata ✧ SA/thar

teg

root. line

Tolkien used a number of similar roots as the basis for “line” words throughout his life. The earliest of these appeared in the Qenya Lexicon as ᴱ√TEHE [teχe] “pull” (gloss marked with a “?” by Tolkien) with derivatives like ᴱQ. tea “straight”, ᴱQ. telya “attractive; importunate”, and ᴱQ. tie “line, direction, route, road” (QL/90), the last of these surviving more or less unchanged all the way into the published version of The Lord of the Rings (LotR/377). The early root ᴱ√TEHE also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. tê “mark, line; track; path”, G. tî or tion “straight”, and G. tîr “honest; esteem, regard, honour”, originally “straight, upright” (GL/69, 71). Primitive ᴱ✶tegna > ᴱQ. tína/ᴱN. tain “straight” from Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s may represent a shift in the form of the root to ✱ᴱ√TEGE (PE13/153, 165).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root appeared as {ᴹ√TEƷ >>} ᴹ√TEÑ “line, direction” with derivatives like ᴹQ. tie/N. tê “line, way” and ᴹQ. téra/N. tîr “straight, right” (Ety/TEƷ, TEÑ). In the Outline of Phonology Tolkien gave √TEG “line”, whereas √TEÑ was given as the basis for Q. tenna “a thought, notion, idea” and thus clearly with a different meaning; see the entry √TEÑ for further discussion. In any case it is clear that Tolkien considered various ancient velar consonants for the second consonant of this root, all ultimately vanishing in the child languages with similar vocalic effects: 1910s teχ-, 1920s teg-, 1930s {teʒ- >>} teñ- and 1950s teg-.

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I would assume this root was √TEƷ in order to preserve the validity of the word téma “series”. This is because Tolkien kept vacillating on the development of gm, but usually had gm > ngw, so that teg-mā > tengwa, not téma.

Derivatives

• ✶tegē “line, road”
  • Q. tië “path, road, way, line, path, road, way, line, [ᴹQ.] course, direction, [ᴱQ.] route” ✧ PE19/071
• ✶tegmā “direct[ion], process” ✧ PE19/097
  • Q. téma “series, series, [ᴹQ.] row, line” ✧ PE18/104; PE19/082; PE19/097

pâd

noun. ?way

Derivations

• √PAT “*step, walk”

Element in

• N. Tharbad “(?Crossway)” ✧ Ety/THAR

othlon

noun. paved way

othlond

noun. paved way

tê

noun. line, way

tê

noun. line, way, line, way, [G.] track, path; mark

Cognates

• ᴹQ. tie “path, course, line, direction, way” ✧ Ety/TEƷ

Derivations

• ᴹ✶teʒē “path, course, line, direction, way” ✧ Ety/TEƷ
  • ᴹ√TEÑ “line, direction” ✧ Ety/TEƷ

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶teʒē > tê	[teɣē] > [tē]	✧ Ety/TEƷ

lonn

noun. path

rath

noun. course, riverbed

rath

noun. street (in a city)

bâd

noun. beaten track, pathway

rada-

verb. to make a way, find a way

râd

noun. path, track

athrad

noun. (river-)crossing, ford, way

tî

noun. line, row

lhonn

noun. narrow path or strait

lond

noun. narrow path or strait

lonn

noun. narrow path or strait

lhonn

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

lond

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

lonn

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

iôr

noun. course

iôr

noun. course

Derivations

• On. yura “course” ✧ Ety/YUR
  • ᴹ√YUR “run” ✧ Ety/YUR

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. yura > iôr	[jura] > [jora] > [jor] > [jōr]	✧ Ety/YUR