windya

pale blue

windya > vinya adj. "pale blue" (WIN/WIND)(It is uncertain whether Tolkien rejected this word or not; in any case, vinya means "new" in his later versions of Quenya.)

windë

pale blue

[windë > vindë adj. "pale blue" (VT45:16)]

winda

woof

winda noun "woof" (LT1:254)

windelë

loom

windelë noun "loom" (LT1:254)

vailë

noun. wind, [strong] wind, *gale

An obscure word for “wind” in notes from December 1959 (D59) derived from the root √WAYA and appearing in various forms: vëa, vaiwe, and vaile, the last of these with an adjectival form vailima “windy” (P17/189). A similar set of Quenya derivatives of √WAY appeared in notes from 1957, but there most of the forms were rejected: {vaiwe, view-, vaive, víw}, along with unrejected váva (PE17/33-34). Tolkien considered all these as possible cognates of S. gwae “wind”.

Conceptual Development: Precursors include ᴱQ. ’wā “wind” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√GWĀ (QL/102), ᴱQ. vá or vanwe “wind” from Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1930s (PE16/142) and ᴹQ. vaiwa “wind” from The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√WAIWA (Ety/WĀ). Thus the Quenya forms were much less stable than their Sindarin equivalent and its precursor, which were simply G. gwâ “wind” (GL/43; PE13/146) >> N./S. gwae(w) “wind” (Ety/WĀ; NM/237; PE17/33-34, 189).

Neo-Quenya: Of the various forms, I prefer Q. vailë since (a) it is later, (b) has an adjectival form and (c) has a possible direct cognate S. gwael “✱wind”, also from around the same time. Q. súrë is the usual word for “wind” and is thus preferable for most uses, but I think vailë might be used for a strong wind or gale, since elsewere in Quenya derivatives of √WĀ seem to be tied to stronger winds: hwarwa “violent wind”, vangwë “storm” (NM/237).

súru

wind

súru noun "wind" (MC:213, 216, 220; this is "Qenya"; Tolkien's later Quenya has súrë)

súrë

wind

súrë noun "wind", stem súri- because of primitive form sūrǐ- (PE17:62),hence the instrumental form súrinen "in the wind" or more literally "by the wind" (Nam, RGEO:66,Markirya, J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator p. 197); Súrion masc.name, "Wind-son" (Appendix A). Early "Qenya" has súru (MC:213, 216, 220). See also súriquessë.

vailë

wind

vailë noun "wind" (PE17:189)

vaiwa

wind

vaiwa noun "wind" (WĀ/WAWA/WAIWA)

vaiwë

wind

vaiwë noun "wind" (PE17:189)

vëa

wind

vëa (4) noun "wind" (PE17:189)

wailë

wind

wailë noun "wind", later form vailë, q.v. (PE17:189)

waiwa

wind

waiwa noun "wind" (WĀ/WAWA/WAIWA)

wá

wind

wá (actually spelt wâ) noun "wind" (LT1:266). Cf. wáya-.

vaiwë

noun. wind

vëa

noun. wind

váva

noun. *wind

súrion

masculine name. *Wind-son

Tar-Súrion was the 9th ruler of Númenor (LotR/1038). His name seems to be a compound of súrë “wind” and the suffix -ion “-son”.

súrë

noun. wind, breeze

The most common word for “wind” in Quenya, appearing in both the Namárië (LotR/377) and Markirya (MC/222) poems. In one place it was glossed “breeze” (PE17/62) so it seems to cover a wide variety of winds. It was derived from primitive ✶sūri (NM/237), a variant of ✶sūli (VT47/35) from which S. sûl “wind” was derived, all based on the root √SŪ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)” which was primarily applied to the wind (NM/237).

Neo-Quenya: A likely precursor is ᴱQ. súru, used of air spirits in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/66) but translated as “wind” in the Earendel and Oilima Markirya poems written around 1930 (MC/216, 220). In one glossary appearing among Oilima Markirya drafts, Tolkien translated súru as “wind, gale” (PE16/75).

súriquessë

wind feather

súriquessë noun "wind feather" (referring to a "tuft of radiating grass" in a drawing by Tolkien) (J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator, p. 197)

telya-

finish, wind up, conclude

telya- vb. "finish, wind up, conclude" (transitive) (WJ:411)

wai

wind, weave

wai (what the primitive element ¤wei "wind, weave" became in Quenya; therefore confused with the stem WAY "enfold") (WEY)

telya-

verb. to finish, wind up, conclude (trans.)

vailima

adjective. windy

A word for “windy” in notes from December 1959 (D59), the adjectival form of Q. vailë “wind” (PE17/189).

Conceptual Development: A similar word ᴱQ. ’wanwavoite “windy” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, an adjectival form of ᴱQ. ’wanwa “great gale” (QL/102).

vailima

windy

vailima adj. "windy" (PE17:189)

wanwavoitë

windy

wanwavoitë noun "windy" (LT1:266). Compare wanwa above.

súlimë

noun. March, *Windy-one

lap-

verb. to wrap, swathe, wind

súriellë

noun. windflower, anemone

A neologism for “windflower, anemone” coined by Tamas Ferencz, an elaboration of Q. súrë (súri-) “wind”.

Súlimë

march

Súlimë noun, third month of the year, "March". The word apparently means *"windy one" (Appendix D; SA:sûl; not capitalized in the latter source). Early "Qenya" has súlimë "wind" (LT1:266)

quessë

feather

quessë noun "feather", also name of tengwa #4 (Appendix E, WJ:417, KWES, VT45:24); súriquessë "wind feather" (referring to a "tuft of radiating grass" in a drawing by Tolkien) (J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator, p. 197)

vindë

blue-grey, pale blue or grey

[vindë noun "blue-grey, pale blue or grey"; older windë. (WIN/WIND, VT45:16, 46:21) The stem-form would have been vindi-, given the primitive form ¤windi.]

vinya

pale blue

vinya (2) < windya adj. "pale blue" (WIN/WIND)(It is uncertain whether Tolkien rejected this word or not; in any case, vinya is only attested with the meaning "young, new" in his later Quenya.)

henet

noun. window

A neologism for “window” coined by Boris Shapiro in PPQ (PPQ) from the early 2000s based on S. henneth “window”. I prefer to use attested [ᴱQ.] lattin “window”.

hendelë

noun. window

A neologism for “window” coined by Tamas Ferencz from the root √KHEN “eye” and inspired by S. henneth “window”. I prefer to use attested [ᴱQ.] lattin “window”.

lattin

noun. window

quessë

noun. feather

The Quenya word for “feather” and the name of tengwa #4 [z] (LotR/1122).

Conceptual Development: Some similar words appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√QASA: ᴱQ. qasil “arrow-feather, arrow” and ᴱQ. qasilla “tuft, nodding spray, tassel, plume” (QL/76); quasil was only glossed “arrow” in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/76). ᴹQ. qesse “feather” first appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√KWES (Ety/KWES), already the name of tengwa #4 (EtyAC/KWES). It was also the name of this tengwa in notes on the Feanorian Alphabet from the 1930s and 1940s (PE22/22, 51, 61), and remained so into the published version of The Lord of the Rings.

ilin

pale blue

ilin adj. "pale blue" (GLINDI)

lanwa

loom

lanwa (2) noun "loom" (LAN)

lindë

air, tune, singing, song

lindë noun "air, tune, singing, song" (SA:gond, (LIN2, [GLIN]); lindelorendor "music-dream-land"; see laurelindórenan lindelorendor... _(LotR2:III ch. 4, cf. Letters:308). _Also compare lindi- in lindimaitar, q.v. (but the other compounds here cited do not give a lindë a stem-form lindi-).

ne

scent

ne (1) noun (or root?) "scent" (PE17:100)

quel-

verb. to fade, to fade; [ᴹQ.] †to fail; [ᴱQ.] to perish

telë-

finish, end

telë- vb. "finish, end" (intransitive), also "be the last thing or person in a series or sequence of events" (WJ:411; telë may be taken as the 3rd person aorist of a stem tel-, though it may also be interpreted as an example of an E-stem verb, as suggested by the final hyphen)soleted by # 1 above)

uin

uin

uin (1) see #u-.

vaima

wrap, robe

vaima noun "wrap, robe" (QL:100, LT1:271)

vaita-

to enfold

vaita- vb. "to enfold" (VT46:21), "to wrap" (LT1:271). Older (MET) form waita-.

vilwa

air, lower air

[vilwa < wilwa] noun "air, lower air" (distinct from the 'upper' air of the stars, or the 'outer') (WIL; in one place vilwa was not struck out, VT46:21) According to VT46:21, Tolkien considered vilda < wilda as a replacement form, but rejected it.

vilya

air, sky

vilya noun "air, sky", also name of tengwa #24. Older wilya. (Appendix E). Early "Qenya" has Vilya (changed from Vilna) "lower air" (LT1:273); also vilya "air" (MC:215)

waita-

to enfold

waita- > vaita- verb "to enfold" (VT46:21)

were-

verb. to weave

A verb based on √WER “weave” that Tolkien coined in notes from around 1957 while exploring the development of the name S. Gwaihir (PE17/33). The section where this verb appeared was marked out, and in notes 1959-60 Tolkien changed the root to √WIR “weave” (PE17/191; VT39/10).

Neo-Quenya: This verb might be updated to ✱vir- “to weave” from the later form of the root, but I prefer to stick to attested [ᴹQ.] lanya- for “to weave” (Ety/LAN).

wilma

air, lower air

wilma noun "air, lower air" (distinct from the 'upper' air of the stars, or the 'outer') (WIL)

lingwëa

adjective. fishlike

lind

noun. air, tune

gwae

noun. wind

The normal Sindarin word for “wind”, usually appearing as gwae but sometimes as gwaew, most frequently derived from √WAY “blow” but also a bewildering variety of other roots (NM/237; PE17/33-34, 189); see the entry for √WĀ for further discussion.

Conceptual Development: The earliest form of this word was G. gwâ “wind” from both Gnomish Grammar and Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s (GG/14; GL/43). The form ᴱN. gwá “wind” reappeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s (MC/217), but in the Nebrachar poem from circa 1930 the form was gwaew “wind” (MC/217). It was N. gwaew “wind” in The Etymologies of the 1930s from the root ᴹ√WAIWA (Ety/WĀ), and appeared a number of times in later writings as both gwae and (more rarely) gwaew, as noted above.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I prefer using only gwae for “wind”, reserving gwaew for “storm”.

sûl

noun. wind, [strong] wind, *gust

A noun for “wind” appearing in names like Amon Sûl, derived from the root √SŪ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)” (NM/237; PE17/124).

Conceptual Development: A precursor to this word is G. saul “great wind” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/67), derived from the early root ᴱ√SUHYU “air, breath, exhale, puff” as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Súlimo; QL/86).

Neo-Sindarin: Given its connection to the sound of wind, I think sûl would be used mostly for strong or noisy wind, including (but not limited to) gusts of wind, as opposed to more ordinary (and less noisy) gwae “wind”. This notion is supported by its Gnomish precursor G. saul “great wind”.

gwae

wind

_ n. _wind. Tolkien also notes "WAKH in wagme > gwaew, gwae" (PE17:34). Q. vea. >> gwaew

gwaew

wind

_ n. _wind. Tolkien also notes "WAKH in wagme > gwaew, gwae" (PE17:34). >> gwae

gwael

noun. ?wind

A word appearing only in the untranslated name Bar-in-Gwael (WJ/418), possibly the cognate of Q. vailë and thus related to gwae “wind”, which is the much better attested form and is thus preferable to use.

sûl

noun. wind

Gwaihir

noun. wind lord

gwaew (“wind”) + hîr (“lord”)

lind

air

3) (of music) lind (song, tune; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath (WJ.309)

lind

air

(song, tune; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath (WJ.309)

gwaeren

adjective. windy

A word appearing in the rejected name Côf Gwaeren Bel “Windy Bay of Bel” (VT42/15), an adjectival form of gwae “wind”. Despite this rejection, I think ᴺS. gwaeren “windy” is perfectly viable for purposes of Neo-Sindarin.

Conceptual Development: A likely precursor is G. {gwavwed >> gwanwed >>} gwavwed “windy” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, an adjectival form of G. gwâ “wind” (GL/43).

gwaihir

masculine name. Windlord

Lord of the eagles, translated “Windlord” (LotR/261) or “Lord of the Storm” (LR/301). It is a combination of gwae “wind” and hîr “lord” (PE17/33). It appears that in this name, the older diphthong [ai] was preserved from the primitive ✶waiwa(y) > S. gwae.

Conceptual Development: In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, this name first appeared as N. Gwaewar (LR/301), and so appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (TI/134), though in one place it appeared as Gwaiwar (TI/151). Tolkien eventually changed it to N. Gwaehir >> Gwaihir (TI/430), and it mostly kept this form thereafter, though it occasionally appeared as Gwaehir (MR/410), which would be more in keeping with the usual [[n|revision of [ai] to [ae]]].

henneth

noun. window

A word for “window” appearing as an element in the name Henneth Annûn “Window of Sunset” (LotR/674; RC/473), apparently an elaboration of hen(d) “eye”.

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s has G. galoth “window”, a combination of G. gal(a) “light” and G. ôth “hole” (GL/37).

henneth annûn

place name. Window of the Sunset

The falls where the men of Faramir camped, translated “Window of the Sunset” (LotR/0674), a combination of henneth “window” and annûn “sunset” (RC/473).

Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, Tolkien considered a large number of names before settling on N. Henneth Annûn (WR/164).

Henneth Annûn

noun. window of sunset

henneth (“window”) + annûn (“west, sunset”)

côf gwaeren bel

place name. Windy Bay of Bel

Another name for the Bay of Belfalas (Côf Belfalas), appearing in a rejected section of Tolkien’s essay on The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor (VT42/15). It is a combination of côf “bay”, gwaeren “windy” and the original name of the region: Bel. As pointed out by Christopher Tolkien, the “windy Bay of Bel” was mentioned in the poem “The Man in the Moon Came Down Too Soon” from the Adventures of Tom Bombadil. The section where this name appeared was rejected because Tolkien revised the history of the name Bel (UT/247), so it is possible that the name of the bay remained valid.

gwaeren

adjective. windy

henneth

noun. window

gwaeron

noun. March, *Windy-one

gwaew

wind

1) gwaew (i **waew) (storm), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaew), 2) sûl (i hûl), pl. suil (i suil**). Note: a homophone means ”goblet”.

gwaew

wind

(i ’waew) (storm), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwaew)

sûl

wind

(i hûl), pl. suil (i suil). Note: a homophone means ”goblet”.

gwer-

verb. to weave, wind, spin, twist

loetha-

verb. to curl, bend, wind, twine, tie knot, tangle

lûg

noun. bend, loop, wind, twist; guile, deceit

gwaeren

adjective. windy

gwaeren

windy

(lenited ’waeren; pl. gwaerin)

gwaeren

windy

gwaeren (lenited waeren; pl. gwaerin)

gwaeren

windy

gwaeren (lenited waeren; pl. gwaerin)

henneth

window

henneth (i chenneth), pl. hennith (i chennith)

henneth

window

(i chenneth), pl. hennith (i chennith)

logweg

adjective. meandering, twisting, winding, intricate, (lit.) apt to bend

A neologism coined by Paul Strack in 2022 specifically for Eldamo to replace G. gwedhweg of the same meaning. It is a combination of √LOK “bend” and S. -weg “active in doing”. Gilruin suggested this suffix in a Discord chat in April 2022.

elu

pale blue

1) elu (analogical pl. ely). Archaic elw (pl. ilw?) 2) gwind (lenited wind; no distinct pl. form)

elu

pale blue

1) elu (analogical pl. ely). Archaic elw (pl. ilw?). 2) gwind (lenited wind; no distinct pl. form).

Henneth Annûn

Henneth Annûn

topon. >> Annûn

gwaeron

noun. march (month)

gwelu

noun. air (as substance)

gwaeda

enfold

(VT46:21)

gwaeda

enfold

gwaeda- (VT46:21)

gwaeron

march

Gwaeron (na **Waeron**)

gwaeron

march

(na ’Waeron)

gwelu

air

2) (as substance) gwelu (i **welu), analogical pl. gwely (in gwely) if there is a pl. The attested form is archaic gwelw** (LR:398 s.v. WIL). Hence the coll. pl. is likely *gwelwath, if there is a coll. pl..

gwelu

air

(i ’welu), analogical pl. gwely (in gwely) if there is a pl. The attested form is archaic gwelw (LR:398 s.v. WIL). Hence the coll. pl. is likely ✱gwelwath, if there is a coll. pl..

gwelwen

air

1) (as a region) gwelwen (i **welwen), pl. gwelwin (in gwelwin), also gwilith (i **wilith), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwilith)

gwelwen

air

(i ’welwen), pl. gwelwin (in gwelwin), also gwilith (i ’wilith), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwilith)

gwir-

verb. to weave

lanu

noun. loom

pess

noun. feather

gwind

noun. pale blue

gwaew

noun. wind

gwaew

noun. wind

gwaewar

masculine name. Windlord

gwaihir

masculine name. Windlord

henneth annûn

place name. Window of the Sunset

gwaeron

noun. March, *Windy-one

gwinna-

verb. to fade

gwaeda-

verb. to enfold

gwelw

noun. air (as substance)

gwelwen

noun. air, lower air (distinct from the upper air of the stars, or the outer)

gwilith

noun. air (as a region)

lhind

noun. air, tune

lhinn

noun. air, tune

bawab

noun. wind

The noun for “wind”, attested only in the plural (bawîb) and subjective plural (bawîba) forms (SD/247, SD/312). Its plural form indicates that it is a strong-noun (Strong I), so its final vowel must be short, but in theory it could be any of a, i or u, each of which would be replaced by long î in plural nouns. Nouns with identical vowels are more common, however, so ✱bawab is the most likely singular form, though as Helge Fauskanger points out (AL/Adûnaic) the normal form could also be the weak noun ✱bawâb with a poetic strong plural (SD/435).

bawîba dulgî

winds (were) black

The 7th phrase of the Lament of Akallabêth (SD/247). The subject bawîba is the subjective plural of #bawab “wind”. There is no verb, so the subjective here functions as the to-be verb “were”, as discussed on SD/429. The adjective dulgî is the plural of dulgu “black”, agreeing in number with the subject.

This sentence did not appear at all in the first draft. In the second draft of the Lament, it was simply the noun phrase dulgu bawīb “✱black wind” rather than a full sentence (SD/312). Curiously, the adjective in the second draft did not agree in number with the noun it modified.

sū

noun. wind

sūli

noun. wind

sūri

noun. wind

waile

noun. *wind

waiwa(y)

noun. *wind

rig

root. wreathe, twine, wind about; wreath, garland, crown

This root first appeared as unglossed ᴹ√RIG in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like ᴹQ. ríe/N. rhî “crown” and ᴹQ. rína/N. rhîn “crowned” (Ety/RIG). The root was then altered to ᴹ√RIƷ (EtyAC/RĪ). A similar root √RIK with derivation ✶riknā >> Q. rína (all unglossed) appeared in the first layer of composition for the Outline of Phonology from the early 1950s, but this section was revised in green ink around 1970 and the root did not appear in the revisions (PE19/85-86 and note #79).

The root √RIG appeared a number of times in Tolkien’s writings from the 1950s and 60s, variously glossed “wreath, garland, crown” (PE17/59), “twine” (PE17/182), and “twine, wreathe” (PM/347), but √RIƷ “wind about, wreathe” also appeared in notes on the names of Galadriel and Celeborn from 1968 (NM/349, 353). Thus it seems Tolkien vacillated between √RIG and √RIƷ with a brief aside to √RIK in the early 1950s.

riʒ

root. wind about, wreathe

lub

root. bend

ne

root. scent

A root (?) glossed “scent” appearing in notes on the words and phrases in The Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s, serving in its extended form nes- “sweet smelling” as the basis for Q. alanessë and S. galanes > galenas “tobacco” = “✱sweet smelling growth” (PE17/100). It might be connected to ᴹ√NEÑ “✱nose” from The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/NEÑ-WI). Elsewhere the basis for “sweet smelling” seems to be [Q.] nis- (UT/167-8).

barak

root. wrap

A hypothetical Neo-Root serving as the basis of salvaged Gnomish words brach “shawl, wrap” and braetha- “to wrap, swathe”.