1) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (master), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i chîr), coll. pl. híriath (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9); 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (master), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath (VT45:22)._ _Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord” may be preferred. 3) brannon (i vrannon), pl. brennyn (i mrennyn), coll. pl. brannonnath; 4) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, victor), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath.
Sindarin
hîr
noun. master, lord
hîr
noun. lord, master
Cognates
- Q. heru “lord, master” ✧ Let/282; SA/heru; PM/210; VT41/09
Derivations
Element in
- Q. Ondohir ✧ PM/210
- S. a Hîr Annûn Gilthoniel “*oh Lady of the West, Star-kindler” ✧ LB/354
- S. aran Gondor ar Arnor ar Hîr i Mbair Annui “king of Gondor and Arnor and Lord of the Westlands” ✧ AotM/062; SD/129
- S. Arothir “Noble Lord”
- S. Barahir “*Fiery-lord” ✧ SA/heru
- S. Duinhir “*River Lord”
- S. Elphir
- S. Erchirion
- S. Gonnhirrim “Masters of Stone” ✧ SA/heru
- S. Gwaihir “Windlord”
- S. herdir “master”
- S. híril “lady, lady; [G.] princess, †queen” ✧ SA/heru
- S. Hirluin
- S. Hirwen
- S. Lothíriel
- S. rochir “knight, horse-lord” ✧ Let/282
- S. Rochirrim “Horse-lords” ✧ UT/318
- S. Rohirrim “Horse-lords” ✧ Let/382; SA/heru
- S. Torhir Ifant
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶khēr > hir [kʰēr] > [xēr] > [xīr] > [hīr] ✧ Let/282 ✶khēr > hîr [kʰēr] > [xēr] > [xīr] > [hīr] ✧ VT41/09 Variations
- Hîr ✧ AotM/062; LB/354; SD/129
- hir ✧ Let/282
- hīr ✧ PM/210
sîr
noun. river
sîr
noun. river, stream
Cognates
- Q. sír(ë) “river, river, [ᴱQ.] stream”
Derivations
- √SIR “flow” ✧ SA/sîr
Element in
- S. ethir “mouth of a river, (lit.) outflow” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Glanhír “Boundary Stream”
- S. Gwathir “River of Shadow” ✧ UT/263
- S. lanthir “waterfall”
- S. Limhír “Clear/Sparkling River”
- S. Linhir “Fair Stream” ✧ RC/587
- S. Lithir “?Ash River”
- S. Methiriad “?End of Two Rivers”
- S. Minhiriath “Between the Rivers” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Nanduhirion “Dimrill Dale, (lit.) Vale of (the Region of) Dim Streams” ✧ PE17/037; RC/269; SA/sîr
- S. Eglahir “*Elf-river”
- S. Ossir “Seven-rivers” ✧ RC/384
- S. Ossiriand “Land of Seven Rivers” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Sîr Angren “*River of Iron”
- S. Sirannon “Gate-stream” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Sirion “Great River” ✧ SA/sîr
- S. Sîr Luin
- S. Sîr Ninglor “Gladden River”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √sir- > sîr [sīre] > [sīr] ✧ SA/sîr Variations
- Sîr ✧ RC/384
herdir
noun. master
herdir
noun. master
Changes
herdir→ Cherdir “master” ✧ AotM/062Element in
- S. edregol e aníra tírad i Cherdir Perhael (i sennui Panthael estathar aen) Condir i Drann “in especial he desires to see Master Samwise (who should be called Fullwise) Mayor of the Shire” ✧ AotM/062; SD/129
Elements
Word Gloss hîr “lord, master” dîr “man, man, [N.] adult male; agental suffix”
duin
noun. (long and large) river (having strong current)
tûr
noun. master, [N.] mastery, victory, [ᴱN.] power [over others]; [S.] master
Derivations
- √TUR “dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power, dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power; [ᴹ√] victory; [ᴱ√] am strong”
Element in
Variations
- tur ✧ SA/amarth (tur)
hîr
lord
hîr
lord
(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (master), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i chîr), coll. pl. híriath (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)
hîr
master
(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)
sîr
river
1) (also = rill) sîr (i hîr, o sîr), in compounds sir- or -hir or -hír; no distinct pl. form except with article (i sîr), coll. pl. siriath. Note: sîr is also the adverb ”today”. 2) celon (i gelon, o chelon), pl. celyn (pl. i chelyn), 3) The word lind ”singer” may also be used of rivers (see . (WJ.309).
sîr
river
(i hîr, o sîr), in compounds sir- or -hir or -hír; no distinct pl. form except with article (i sîr), coll. pl. siriath. Note: sîr is also the adverb ”today”.
ethir
of a river
(estuary), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. ethiriath. Note: a homophone means "spy".
herdir
master
(noun) 1) herdir (i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or *”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath. 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22)._ Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred. 3) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)_ 4) (also used = ”mastery”) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath
herdir
master
(i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or ✱”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath.
heron
lord
(i cheron, o cheron) (master), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath** (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn** ”lady”, other words for ”lord” may be preferred.
heron
master
(i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred.
brannon
lord
(i** vrannon), pl. brennyn (i** mrennyn), coll. pl. brannonnath
duin
river
(long, large river with strong current) duin (i dhuin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nuin) (VT48:24)
duin
large river
(i dhuin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nuin), coll. pl. duinath (Names:179, PM:54); compare the river-name Anduin, ”long river”.
lind
river
”singer” may also be used of rivers (see
tûr
lord
(i** dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, victor), pl. tuir (i** thuir), coll. pl. túrath.
celon
river
(i gelon, o chelon), pl. celyn (pl. i chelyn)
tûr
master
(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath
tûr
master, mastery
(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath
orthor
master
(vb.) orthor (i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)
orthor
master
(i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)
A common Sindarin word for “river” or “stream”, a relatively small river compared to S. duin. It is a derivative of √SIR “flow” (SA/sîr; Ety/SIR).
Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s where G. sîr “river” appeared (GL/67), a derivative of the early root ᴱ√SIŘI (or a variant of it) as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Sirion). ᴱN. sír “stream” appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s, though in that instance it was changed to ᴱN. hír “lord” (PE13/147). N. sîr “river” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of ᴹ√SIR “flow” (Ety/SIR). It appeared several times in Tolkien’s later writings, variously glossed “river” (RC/384) or “stream” (PE17/37; RC/269), as well as being an element in many Sindarin and Noldorin river names.