Quenya 

va

from

va prep. "from" (VT43:20; prefixed in the form var- in var-úra "from evil", VT43:24). In VT49:24, va, au and o are quoted as variants of the stem awa "away from".

va

preposition. (away) from, (away) from, [ᴹQ.] away, [ᴱQ.] gone forth; with

Derivations

  • WĀ/AWA “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago, away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago; [ᴹ√] forth, out” ✧ VT49/24

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. va “away”

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
awa > va-[wā] > [βa] > [va]✧ VT49/24

Variations

  • va- ✧ VT49/24
Quenya [VT43/20; VT43/24; VT49/24] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-va

from

-va possessive ending, presumably related to the preposition va "from". In Eldaliéva, Ingoldova, miruvóreva, Oroméva, rómeva, Valinóreva (q.v. for references), Follondiéva, Hyallondiéva (see under turmen for references). Following a consonant, the ending instead appears as -wa (andamacilwa "of the long sword", PE17:147, rómenwa *"of the East", PE17:59). Pl. - when governing a plural word (from archaic -vai) (WJ:407), but it seems that -va was used throughout in late Exilic Quenya (cf. miruvóreva governing the plural word yuldar in Namárië). Pl. -iva (-ivë*), dual -twa, partitive pl. -líva**.

adverb/interjection. will not, do not, shall not

Cognates

  • Ad. “don’t”
  • S. baw “no, do not!” ✧ PE17/143; PE17/145; WJ/371
  • S. ava- “will not, do not” ✧ PE17/143; PE17/143
  • T. “I will not, Do not!” ✧ WJ/371

Derivations

  • BĀ/ABA “refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial), refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial), [ᴹ√] deny; away, go away, depart” ✧ PE17/143; PE17/145; PE22/162; WJ/370

Element in

  • Q. áva “don’t, negative imperative” ✧ WJ/371
  • Q. itas vá tuluvanyë “in that case I won’t come” ✧ PE22/162
  • Q. vá caris i “he is not to do it (now or ever); in any case (whatever may be said, desired, or may occur to the contrary) he is not to do this” ✧ PE22/162
  • Q. vá caruvalwë (ohta) “we will not (make war)” ✧ PE22/161
  • Q. vá caruvas i ✧ PE22/162
  • Q. vá matuvatyë mastanya “you are not to eat my bread, you shan’t eat my bread” ✧ PE22/162
  • Q. vá ménanyë “I am not coming (I say)” ✧ PE22/162
  • Q. vá meninyë ó le “I won’t come with you” ✧ PE22/162
  • Q. ván caruva “I will not (do not intend) to make” ✧ PE17/143
  • Q. ványë ar válmë “I and those with me are against it” ✧ PE22/161; PE22/161
  • Q. váquet- “to refuse, forbid, prohibit; (lit.) to say no, to say ‘I will not or do not’” ✧ WJ/371
  • Q. vá tulinye ✧ PE22/162
  • Q. vá tuluvanyë “I won’t come” ✧ PE22/162
  • Q. vá tuluvásë “he is not to come, he shan’t come” ✧ PE22/162

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
> Vá![bā] > [βā] > [βa] > [va]✧ PE17/143
> [bā] > [βā] > [βā] > [va]✧ PE17/145
BA > [bā] > [βā] > [βa] > [va]✧ PE22/162
BA > [bā] > [βā] > [βa] > [va]✧ WJ/370

Variations

  • Vá! ✧ PE17/143
  • ava ✧ PE22/166
Quenya [PE17/143; PE17/144; PE17/145; PE22/161; PE22/162; PE22/166; WJ/371] Group: Eldamo. Published by

var-

verb. var-

var- (2), see va

úva

will not

úva (1) vb. "will not", future tense of a negative verb (present/aorist tense úyë?) in Fíriel's Song. Compare #úva as the future tense of the negative verb ua- (q.v.) in a later source (PE17:144, where the verb is cited with a 1st person sg. ending: úvan).

au

away

au (2) adv. "away", of position rather than movement (compare oa). PE17:148

au

away from

o (3) prep.? variant (along with au and va) of the stem awa "away from" (VT49:24). It is uncertain whether this o is a Quenya word; Patrick Wynne suggests it could be the first element of the preposition ollo "away from" (ibid.)

öar

adverb. away from

Cognates

  • T. avad “away from” ✧ WJ/366

Derivations

  • WĀ/AWA “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago, away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago; [ᴹ√] forth, out” ✧ WJ/364
  • awā-da ✧ WJ/366

Element in

  • Q. Oärel “Elf who left Middle-earth for Aman” ✧ WJ/366

Elements

WordGloss
öa“away (of movement)”
-r“motion to or towards a point, motion to or towards a point, *archaic allative”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
AWA > öar[awāda] > [awād] > [awāð] > [oað] > [oar]✧ WJ/364
awā-da > öar[awāda] > [awād] > [awāð] > [oað] > [oar]✧ WJ/366
Quenya [WJ/364; WJ/366] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ná-

verb. to be, to be, [ᴱQ.] exist

Changes

  • nāner ✧ VT49/09
  • nārnăr ✧ VT49/30

Cognates

  • Ad. -n “predicate suffix”
  • S. na- “to be”

Derivations

  • “be (the same as another), exist” ✧ PE17/093

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
> [nā]✧ PE17/093

Variations

  • ✧ LotR/0377; PE17/090; PE17/093; PE22/154; PE22/167; VT42/33; VT49/09; VT49/23
  • na ✧ Minor-Doc/1955-CT; PE17/057; PE17/074; PE17/074; PE17/090; PE17/162; VT43/13; VT43/30
  • ✧ PE17/058; RGEO/59; VT49/09 (); VT49/28; VT49/30
  • nā- ✧ PE22/166; VT49/27; VT49/28 (nā-)
  • nā̀ ✧ RGEO/58
  • ✧ RGEO/60
  • nā̆ ✧ VT49/30
  • nār ✧ VT49/30 (nār)
Quenya [LotR/0377; Minor-Doc/1955-CT; PE17/057; PE17/058; PE17/059; PE17/074; PE17/090; PE17/093; PE17/126; PE17/162; PE22/154; PE22/158; PE22/166; PE22/167; PE22/168; RGEO/58; RGEO/59; RGEO/60; VT42/33; VT42/34; VT43/13; VT43/14; VT43/15; VT43/16; VT43/23; VT43/30; VT43/34; VT44/34; VT49/09; VT49/10; VT49/19; VT49/23; VT49/27; VT49/28; VT49/29; VT49/30] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ollo

away from

ollo (2) prep. "away from" (VT49:24)

ollo

preposition. away from

ruc-

feel fear or horror

#ruc- (1) ("k")vb. "feel fear or horror" (1st pers. aorist rucin "I feel fear or horror"); the verb is said to be constructed with "from" (sc. the ablative case, or prepositions like ho or va?) of the object feared. _(WJ:415) _Hence e.g. *rucin i ulundollo* (or, rucin ho/va i ulundo**) for "I fear the monster"?

hó-

away, from, from among

- verbal prefix; "away, from, from among", the point of view being outside the thing, place, or group in thought (WJ:368)

ho

from

ho prep. "from" (3O); cf. -

from

, lo (2) prep. "from", also used = "by" introducing the agent after a passive construction: nahtana ló Turin *"slain by Túrin" (VT49:24). A similar and possibly identical form is mentioned in the Etymologies as being somehow related to the ablative ending -llo, but is not there clearly defined (VT45:28). At one point, Tolkien suggested that lo rather than the ending -llo was used with proper names (lo Manwë rather than Manwello for "from Manwë"), but this seems to have been a short-lived idea (VT49:24).

o

preposition. from

Derivations

  • ăwă “from” ✧ PE17/148
    • WĀ/AWA “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago, away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago; [ᴹ√] forth, out” ✧ PE17/148
  • “from, coming from, as described by a genitive” ✧ PE22/168
    • HO “from, coming from” ✧ WJ/361

Variations

  • ō ✧ PE22/168
Quenya [PE17/148; PE22/168] Group: Eldamo. Published by