Nur-menel noun the lesser firmament, a great dome covering Valinor, made by Varda and full of star-imagines (see tinwë, nillë). It was a simulacrum of Tar-menel, the true firmament (MR:388)
Quenya
nu
under
nu
preposition. under, beneath
Nur-menel
nur-menel
nuntixë
nuntixë
**nuntixë ("ks"), misreading for unutixë, q.v.
nurwë
masculine name. Nurwë
nuhta-
stunt, prevent from coming to completion, stop short, not allow to continue
nuhta- vb. "stunt, prevent from coming to completion, stop short, not allow to continue" (WJ:413)
nuhta-
verb. to stunt, prevent from coming to completion, stop short, not allow to continue
nur-menel
place name. *Under Heaven
nu fanyarë rúcina
under ruined skies
The thirty-fourth line of the Markirya poem (MC/222). The first word is the preposition nu “under” followed by the noun fanyarë “skies” and the adjective rúcina, itself the passive participle of the verb ruc-.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> nu fanyarë rúcina = “✱under skies ruined”
nuhuinenna
under shadow
nuhuinenna adj. "under shadow" (allativic: nu-huinë-nna "under-shadow-to") (SD:246); see huinë.
nunduinë
place name. *West River
nurtalë valinóreva
proper name. the Hiding of Valinor
The time when the Valar hid Valinor from the attacks of Morgoth (S/102). This name is a combination of nurtalë “hiding” and the possessive form of Valinórë.
Nunduinë
west-flow
Nunduinë noun *"West-flow", name of a river in Númenor (UT:168). Compare nuinë. Since this comes from earlier duine, the name appears with the d intact following n: The initial element of Nunduinë is #nún, q.v.
Nurquendi
gnomes
Nurquendi ("q")noun "Gnomes" (lit. *"Deep Elves"), sg. *Nurquendë (NŪ)
Nurufantur
lord of death-cloud
Nurufantur noun "lord of Death-cloud", surname of Mandos (SPAN, ÑGUR)
nucumna
humbled
nucumna ("k")adj. (or passive participle) "humbled" (SD:246). This probably contains a verbal stem #nucum- "to humble, humiliate"; compare naham- with passive participle nahamna (q.v.)
nuinë
river (of large volume, and liable to flooding)
nuinë noun "river (of large volume, and liable to flooding)". The word is said to be archaic, surviving chiefly in topographical names. It comes from earlier duine, hence appearing in that form in a name like Nunduinë (VT48:30-31), apparently also Anduinë (q.v.) Tolkien struck out the paragraph where nuinë occurs, but the names Nunduinë/Anduinë would suggest that the word as such is conceptually valid.
nulda
secret
nulda adj. "secret" (DUL)
nulla
dark, dusky, obscure
nulla adj. "dark, dusky, obscure" (NDUL), "secret" (DUL). See also VT45:11.
numba
bent, humped
numba adj. "bent, humped" (PE17:168)
numbë
root, foundation
[numbë noun "root, foundation", also núvë (VT45:38)]
numenda-
get low (of the sun)
numenda- vb. "get low (of the Sun)" (also númeta-) (LT1:263; in Tolkien's later Quenya núta-)
nuquerna
reversed
nuquerna adj. "reversed", or perhaps rather *"turned upside down". Attested in the phrases silmë nuquerna and árë nuquerna, q.v.
nurru-
murmur, grumble
nurru- vb. "murmur, grumble" (cf. "Qenya" núru-); participle nurrula in Markirya, changed to nurrua, perhaps a kind of verbal adjective of the same meaning (translated "mumbling" in MC:215)
nurta-
hide
#nurta- vb. "hide", verbal stem isolated from nurtalë "hiding", q.v.
nurtalë
hiding
nurtalë noun "hiding" (evidently a verbal stem #nurta- "hide" with the verbal noun ending -lë); Nurtalë Valinóreva "the Hiding of Valinor" (Silm)
nuru
death, death
nuru, Nuru noun "death, Death" _(ÑGUR). This represents earlier ñuru (VT46:4) _and should be spelt accordingly in Tengwar writing. When personalized, Nuru refers to Mandos. Cf. Nurufantur.
nuruhuinë
death-shadow
nuruhuinë noun "death-shadow" (LR:47, 56, SD:310)
nut-
tie
nut- vb. "tie" (1st pers. aorist nutin "I tie") (NUT)
nuxo
petty dwarf
nuxo noun "Petty dwarf" (PE17:45; the spellings "nukso" and "nuxo" both occur in the source). Elsewhere the Petty-dwarves are called Picinaucor or Pitya-naucor, q.v.
nurta-
verb. *to hide
nuinë
suffix. river
numba
adjective. bent, humped
nuquerna
adjective. reversed, inverted, *(lit.) under-turned
nurru-
verb. to murmur, grumble, mumble
nurtalë
noun. hiding
nuxo
noun. Petty dwarf
nur-
verb. grow dark, be dark
nusta
verb. smell
unutixë
unutixë
unutixë ("ks")noun dot or point placed below the line of writing (TIK). In the Etymologies as printed in LR, the initial element unu- was misread was nun- (VT46:19). The variant unutexë ("ks") was rejected by Tolkien (VT46:20)
lanu
lead
lanu noun "lead" (LT1:268)
nupattal
noun. horseshoe
nuinerocco
noun. hippopotamus, (lit.) river-horse
nunya
adjective. lower (as in quality, rank or value)
@@@ Discord 2022-05-23 cf. nútaite from núta-
nutanwë
noun. infrastructure
numbë
noun. timidity
numbëa
adjective. timid
nuqua
noun. obstacle
nur
noun. complaint, growl
nurda
noun. cord, rope
nurmea
adjective. subordinate, lesser
nurmë
noun. subordination
nurno
adjective. dark, deep (of hue)
@@@ from Discord 2022-03-05
nurrulë
noun. murmuring
nus
noun. smell
nustaima
adjective. odorous, (lit.) able to be smelled
nustë
noun. sense of smell
nungwë
noun. cold (in the nose or head)
nur-
verb. to serve
notessë
numeral
#notessë noun "numeral" (VT47:14, there in plural form notessi) Also #nótessë pl. nótessi with a long ó (VT48:14)
nótë
number
nótë noun "number" (NOT)
notessë
noun. numeral
Elements suggested by editors on VT48/14, note #3.
únótima
adjective. numberless, innumerable, countless, difficult/impossible to count
peccuvo
noun. nut-hider, squirrel
úmahta(le)
noun. nuisance
canu
noun. lead
avanótë
without number, numberless
avanótë adj. "without number, numberless" (AWA, AR2, VT49:36)
rimba
frequent, numerous
rimba adj. "frequent, numerous" (RIM)
aina
adjective. holy, revered, numinous, holy, revered, numinous, *divine, [ᴱQ.] worshipful
lanotoitë
adjective. innumerable
lanotoite
adjective. innumerable
huinë
deep shadow
huinë noun "deep shadow" (PHUY), "gloom" (VT41:8), "gloom, darkness" (SA:fuin), also used for "shadow" = Sauron (LR:56). Possessive (adjectival) form huinéva in the name Taurë Huinéva, q.v. In earlier sources, huinë is quoted as a variant of fuinë, but according to VT41:8, huinë is the proper Quenya form and fuinë is Telerin.With prefix nu- "under" and allative ending -nna in nuhuinenna (SD:246); also unuhuinë "under-shadow" (LR:47).
no
under
no prep. "under" (NŪ; all other sources give nu instead. In early "Qenya", no meant "upon"; MC:214)
pecco Reconstructed
noun. nut
In notes from 1969, Tolkien had a word Q. pekkuvo “nut-hider” = “squirrel” (PE22/155). Since √KUB was “hide” in that document, the element pek- must be “nut”. Its form outside of compounds is unclear; the form pecco is a guess, originally suggested in a conversation on Google+ from 2018: j-teuber.github.io.
Conceptual Development: The only other “nut” words in Tolkien’s publish writings date back to the 1910s, where Tolkien had ᴱQ. kote (kotsi-) “nut” in the Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s (QL/48), probably derived from a (hypothetical) early root ✱ᴱ√KOTO given G. cod “nut” (GL/26). This early root conflicts with later √KOT that was the basis for ohta “war” and cotto “enemy”.
lupsë
noun. nugget, (small) chunk, clump, tidbit
@@@ from Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) 2023-04-07, < PE ✱lubsi
notessëa
adjective. numeral, digital
vendelis
noun. nun
tyet-
verb. to suckle, nurse
A neologism for “to suckle, nurse” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), based on the early root ᴱ√TYETE “give suck”.
-(n)duinë
suffix. (large) river
An element in several river names such as Q. Anduinë and Q. Nunduinë, the equivalent of S. duin. It did not survive as an independent word in Quenya:
> Common Eldarin bases DUY and LUY, for instance, were distinct. DUY meant “to flood, drench, inundate”, but LUY was the base of words for “blue”. Both would become LUY in Quenya. Which probably accounts for the disappearance from Quenya of C.E. ✱duinē “large river (liable to flood surrounding land)” seen in [S.] Anduin “long river” and Baranduin “brown river”: it became identical with [Q.] luine adj. “blue” (VT48/23).
In fact, its use in Quenya river names may have been a later loan from Sindarin.
Conceptual Development: In one place Tolkien did consider the suffix’s survival as an archaic independent Quenya noun †nuine, but Tolkien rejected the note where it appeared, replacing it with the above (VT48/30 note #2).
-duinë
-duinë
-duinë, see nuinë, Nunduinë
Picinaucor
petty-dwarves
Picinaucor ("k") pl. noun "Petty-dwarves" (sg. #Picinauco, cf. nauco). Also Pitya-naucor (WJ:389). A distinct term nuxo is listed in PE17:45.
Tarmenel
high heaven
Tarmenel place-name "High Heaven" (LotR1:II ch. 1, VT44:34, in the latter source also locative tarmeneldë), Tar-menel "the true firmament", as opposed to Nur-menel (q.v.) (MR:388)
Valinor
the land (or people) of the valar
Valinor place-name "the land (or people) of the Valar", *"Vali-land" (Vali = Valar), land of the Gods in the West (BAL, NDOR); cf. Valandor. Full form Valinórë (BAL; Vali-nórëunder NDOR).Said to be "the true Eldarin name of Aman", the latter name being explained as a borrowing from Valarin in some versions of the linguistic scenario (VT49:26). In the early "Qenya Lexicon", Valinor, Valinórë is glossed "Asgard", the name of the city of the gods in Norse mythology (LT1:272). It seems that in such more restricted use, Valinor is not the entire Blessed Realm but rather the specific region beyond the Pelóri where (most of) the Valar dwelt, with Val(i)mar as the chief city. Thus it is said of Eärendil that he "went into Valinor and to the halls of Valimar" only after he had already left his ship and ventured as far as Tirion (Silmarillion, chapter 24). Possessive Valinóreva in Nurtalë Valinóreva, the "Hiding of Valinor", the possessive case here assuming the function of object genitive (Silm); genitive Valinórëo in Yénië Valinórëo "Annals of Valinor" (MR:200; the last word was changed from Valinóren, Tolkien revising the genitive ending from -n to -o)
aina
holy
aina (2) adj "holy" (AYAN), derived from Ainu. Adopted and adapted from Valarin. According to VT43:32, the word is "obsolete, except in Ainur", apparently suggesting that airë or airëa (q.v.) was the normal term for "holy" in later Quenya. However, Tolkien repeatedly used aina in his translation of the Litany of Loreto: Aina Fairë "Holy Spirit", Aina Neldië "Holy Trinity", Aina Maria "Holy Mary", Aina Wendë "Holy Virgin". He also used Aina Eruontari for "holy Mother" in his rendering of the Sub Tuum Praesidium(WJ:399, FS, SA, VT43:32, VT44:5, 12, 17-18)
fuinë
deep shadow
fuinë noun "deep shadow" (PHUY; cf. "Qenya" fuin "night" in MC:221). According to VT41:8, fuinë is not a Quenya form at all, but Telerin for Quenya huinë (but unquestionably, fuinë is quoted as a Quenya form in certain earlier sources; cf. also Fuinur below - perhaps we may assume that fuinë was borrowed into Quenya from Telerin and thus came to co-exist with huinë?
herunúmen
masculine name. Lord of the West
Tar-Herunúmen was the (somewhat heretical) Quenya name of the 20th ruler of Númenor, more commonly known by his Adûnaic name Ad. Ar-Adûnakhôr (S/267). His name is a compound of heru “lord” and númen “west”.
Conceptual Development: In the unfinished stories “The Lost Road” and “Notion Club Papers” from the 1930s and 40s, Tolkien used the term ᴹQ. Herunúmen to refer to the Valar as Lords of the West (LR/47, SD/310). Its use as a name of Adûnakhôr did not occur until The Lord of the Rings appendices were written (PM/164, note #11).
luimë
flood
luimë noun "flood" (VT48:23, 30; the additional glosses "floodwater, flooded land" were struck out, VT48:30), "flood, high tide" (VT48:24, 30). According to VT48:30, partially illegible glosses in Tolkien's manuscript may also suggest that luimë can be used for any tide, or for the spring tide (the maximum tide just after a new or full moon).
lóna
dark
?lóna (4) adj. "dark" (DO3/DŌ). If this is to be the cognate of "Noldorin"/Sindarin dûr, as the context seems to indicate, lóna is likely a misreading for *lóra in Tolkien's manuscript.
mori-
dark, black
mori- "dark, black" in a number of compounds (independent form morë, q.v.):Morimando "Dark Mando" = Mandos (MBAD, VT45:33), morimaitë "black-handed" (LotR3:VI ch. 6, VT49:42). Moriquendi "Dark Elves" (SA:mor, WJ:361, 373), Moringotto "Black Foe", Sindarin Morgoth, later name of Melkor. The oldest form is said to have been Moriñgotho (MR:194). In late material, Tolkien is seen to consider both Moringotto and Moricotto _("k") _as the Quenya form of the name Morgoth (VT49:24-25; Moricotto also appears in the ablative, Moricottollo). Morion "the dark one", a title of Morgoth (FS). Morifinwë "dark Finwë", masc. name; he was called Caranthir in Sindarin (short Quenya name Moryo). (PM:353) In the name Morinehtar, translated "Darkness-slayer", the initial element is defined would thus seem to signify "darkness" rather than "dark" as an adjective (see mórë). (PM:384, 385)
nillë
silver glint
nillë ("ñ") a star-imagine on Nur-menel (q.v.), from a stem ngil- noun "silver glint" (MR:388)
námo
masculine name. Judge, Ordainer
Vala of fate and keeper of the Houses of the Dead, spouse of Vairë, usually referred to by the name of his realm Mandos (S/28). His name is variously translated as “Judgement” (MR/150), “Judge” (WJ/402) or “Ordainer” (PE21/85). It is probably a translation of his (unknown) Valarin name (WJ/402).
Possible Etymology: The final element of this name is probably the agental suffix -mo, as with the name Irmo. Its initial element is most likely related to namna “statute” (MR/258) and the noun/verb pair námië “judgement” and nam- “to judge” (VT41/13).
If the sense “Ordainer” is the most accurate translation, the initial element of Námo may instead be the verb ná- “to be”. Along these lines, the word námo is elsewhere given as a general word for an unspecified person, probably originally meaning “being” (PM/340).
As the translation of a Valarin name, Námo may be related to the element Anamo in the name †Rithil-Anamo “Doom Ring”, a translation of Valarin Māχananaškād (WJ/401), elsewhere adapted phonetically into Quenya as Q. Máhanaxar (S/38). This supports the possibility that nam- “judge” is the basis for the name Námo.
Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, his true name was ᴱQ. Vê (LT1/66, QL/58). Only the name ᴹQ. Mandos appeared in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, both as his true name and the name of his hall, though he was also known by the sobriquet ᴹQ. Nurufantur (LR/205). In Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, his true name re-emerged, first as Núr, soon changed to Námo (MR/150).
In some notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien considered revising this name to Návo, along with a new verb for “judge”: nav- (PE22/154 note #53). This change did not appear in the narratives, but does lend weight to the idea that Námo is related to nam-.
nólë
long study (of any subject), lore, knowledge
nólë (ñ) noun "long study (of any subject), lore, knowledge" (SA:gûl, also WJ:383 and MR:350, there spelt ñóle_, the earlier pronunciation. In the Etymologies, stem ÑGOL, the gloss is "wisdom".)_ Compare Nólion. At one point, Tolkien was dissatisfied with ÑGOL as the stem for "wisdom" and introduced the form núlë (q.v.) of slightly dissimilar meaning (PE17:125).
númellótë
masculine name. Flower of the West
númen
west, the way of the sunset
númen noun "west, the way of the sunset" (SA:andúnë, cf. NDŪ, MEN; capitalized Númen under SA:men and in CO), "going down, occudent" (Letters:361), also name of tengwa #17 _(Appendix E). _According to VT45:38, the word is actually cited as "nú-men" in Tolkien's Etymologies manuscript. Allative númenna "Westward" (LR:47, SD:310, VT49:20, capitalized Númenna, VT49:22; numenna with a short u, VT49:23); adj. númenquerna "turned westward" (VT49:18, 20). See also númenyaron, númessier. - In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, "nú-men" was intended as the name of tengwa #21, to which letter Tolkien at this stage assigned the value n (VT45:38). However, this tengwa was later given the Quenya value r instead and was renamed órë.
númendil
masculine name. *Friend of the West
númenórë
place name. Westernesse, (lit.) West-land
The island-continent where the Edain settled after the fall of Beleriand (LotR/1035, S/261), often appearing in its shorter form Númenor. It is generally translated as “Westernesse” (LotR/194, S/261) but more literally means “West-land” (Let/224, RC/778). It is a compound of númen “west” and nórë “land” (Let/361).
Conceptual Development: In the very first draft of the Fall of Númenor, this name was given as ᴹQ. Númar or ᴹQ. Númenos (LR/11), but in the next draft these became the name its capital city, and the name Númenor emerged as the name of the land (LR/14). The full form ᴹQ. Númenóre appeared in The Etymologies, already with the derivation discussed above (Ety/NDŪ). It also appeared in an adjectival form Númenórea in linguistic notes from the 1930s (PE22/19).
númerrámar
proper name. West-wings
númeta-
get low (of the sun)
númeta- vb. "get low (of the Sun)" (also numenda-) (LT1:263; in Tolkien's later Quenya rather núta-); inflected númetar "set" ("went down in the West") (MC:221; this is "Qenya")
númë
going down, occident
númë noun "going down, occident" (Letters:361), "the West" (PE17:18), núme- "west" (VT45:38, LT1:263), "the West" In númeheruen and numeheruvi, q.v.
núna
western
núna adj. "western" (PE17:18), compare the element #nún- "west(ern)" in certain compounds, such as Núnatani and Nunduinë, q.v. (in the latter word, ú is apparently shortened as u before a consonant cluster). Compare númen.
núnatani
collective name. Western Men
núru-
growl (of dogs), grumble
núru- vb. "growl (of dogs), grumble" (LT1:263). Perhaps replaced by nurru- (q.v.) in Tolkien's later Quenya.
nútë
bond, knot
nútë noun "bond, knot" (NUT)
núvë
root, foundation
[núvë noun "root, foundation", also numbë (VT45:38)]
ontani
parent
ontani form cited in the Etymologies as printed in LR, entry ONO: supposedly the pl. of ontaro, ontarë noun "parent" (m. and. f.) Comparison with the singulars indicate that the n of ontani should actually be r. Thus ontani could be a misreading for ontari (SD:73), but according to VT46:7 the actual manuscript reading is ontaru, evidently a dual form referring to two parents.
quer-
turn
#quer- vb. "turn" (transitive), attested as pa.t. quernë (VT49:18-20). Compare kuere (kwere) as one variant of a stem meaning "turn" (PE14:65). English intransitive "to turn" requires a reflexive pronoun in Quenya: mo quernë immo "one turned oneself" (VT49:6), in idiomatic English simply "one turned". Passive participle #querna "turned", isolated from nuquerna (q.v.) "under-turned" = reversed, turned upside down. Also in númenquerna "turned westward" (VT49:18), nanquernë "turned back", pl. form of *nanquerna (VT49:17-18, 20)
tinwë
spark
tinwë noun "spark" (gloss misquoted as "sparkle" in the Etymologies as printed in LR, see VT46:19), also "star"; pl. tinwi "sparks", properly used of the star-imagines on Nur-menel (q.v.). Cf. nillë. (TIN, MR:388) In early "Qenya", tinwë was simply glossed "star" (LT1:269, cf. MC:214). In one late source, the meaning of tinwë is given as "spark", and it is said that this word (like Sindarin gil) was used of the stars of heaven "in place of the older and more elevated el, elen- stem" (VT42:11).
ulundë
flood
ulundë noun "flood" (ULU), possibly in the sense of (great) river.% Cf. nuinë, oloirë.
undu
down, under, beneath
undu adv. (and prep.?) "down, under, beneath" (UNU, VT46:20); prefixundu- "down", in undulávë "down-licked" = covered. (Nam)
urdu
death
urdu noun "death" (LT2:342; rather nuru in Tolkien's later Quenya)
únótima
not possible to count, countless
únótima adj. "not possible to count, countless" (VT39:14), pl. únótimë (translated "numberless") attested (ú-nót-imë "not-count-able") (Nam, RGEO:66, Appendix E). Cf. unnegated nótima, q.v.
-ië
suffix. is
-ië (3) "is", -ier "are", stative verb suffix occurring in Fíriel's Song: númessier "they are in the west", meldielto "they are...beloved", talantië "he is fallen", márië "it is good" (< *númessë "in the west", melda "beloved", *talanta "fallen"); future tense -iéva in hostainiéva "will be gathered" (< *hostaina "gathered"). Compare ye "is", yéva "will be", verbs that also occur in Fíriel's Song. This suffix is probably not valid in LotR-style Quenya: -ië is an infinitival or gerundial ending in CO, for ye "is" Namárië has ná, and the phrase "lost is" is vanwa ná, not *vanwië.
-nna
to, at, upon
-nna "to, at, upon", allative ending, originating from -na "to" with fortified n, VT49:14. Attested in cilyanna, coraryanna, Endorenna, Elendilenna, númenórenna, parma-restalyanna, rénna, senna, tielyanna, q.v. If a noun ends in -n already, the ending -nna merges with it, as in Amanna, formenna, Elenna, númenna, rómenna as the allative forms of Aman, formen, elen, númen, rómen (q.v.). Plural -nnar in mannar, valannar, q.v.
-on
name
-on gen.pl. ending (3O), in aldaron, aranion, elenion, Eldaron, #esseron, Ingweron, Istarion, Númevalion, Quendion, Silmarillion, Sindaron, tasarion (see Nan-Tasarion), Valion, wenderon, yénion. Normally the ending -on is added to the nominative plural, whether it ends in -i or -r, but some nouns in -ë that would have nominative plurals in -i seem to prefer the ending -ron in the genitive (hence #esseron as the gen. pl. of essë "name", though the nominative pl. is attested as essi and we might have expected the gen. pl. *ession; similarly wenderon, Ingweron).
Andúnië
sunset
Andúnië (apparently a variant form of andúnë) place-name, a city and port on the western coast of Númenor, said to mean "sunset". (Appendix A, Silm, UT:166, NDŪ/VT45:38)
Atan
the second folk
Atan pl. Atani noun "the Second Folk", an Elvish name of Mortal Men, the Second-born of Ilúvatar. Cf. also Núnatani (WJ:386), Hróatani (PE17:18), q.v. Atanalcar masc. name, "Man-glory" (UT:210, cf. alcar). Atanamir masc.name, "Edain-jewel"? (Appendix A). Atanatar masc. name, "Father of Men" (Appendix A), also common noun atanatar, pl. Atanatári, "Fathers of Men", a title that "properly belonged only to the leaders and chieftains of the peoples at the time of their entry into Beleriand" (PM:324, SA:atar)
Hróatani
eastern men
Hróatani noun *"Eastern Men" (PE17:18), as opposed to the Núnatani (Dúnedain, Westmen).
Núaran
west-king
Núaran noun "West-king"; Núaran Númenoren "West-king of Númenor"; changed (according to LR:71) to Núraran Númenen, *"West-king of the West" (all of this is "Qenya" with genitive in -n instead of -o, as in Tolkien's later Quenya) (LR:60)
Númen(n)órë
people of the west
Númen(n)órë noun "people of the west", confused with Númendor "land of the west" (SA:dôr); hence Númenor as the name of the great isle given to the Edain by the Valar (FS, LR:56); full form Númenórë (LR:47, SD:247, NDŪ); allative númenórenna "to Númenor" (LR:56)
Númendor
land of the west
Númendor noun "land of the west", confused with and replaced by Númen(n)órë "people of the west" (SA:dôr)
Númerrámar
west-wings
Númerrámar noun "West-wings", name of a ship (Númen + rámar, note assimilation nr > rr) (UT:175)
Númevalion
of the west-powers
Númevalion noun *"of the West-powers" (SD:290); cf. Valion
Núnatani
western men
Núnatani noun "Western Men" = Sindarin Dúnedain (WJ:386). Sg. #Núnatan "Dúnadan".
Turcil
númenórean
Turcil ("k")noun "Númenórean" (TUR), stem turcild- as in pl.turcildi (LR:47, 56; SD:246). Variant of Tarcil; see VT46:17.
andú-
going down, setting (of sun), west
andú-, nú- "going down, setting (of sun), west" (PE17:18), element underlying words like the following, and also núna (q.v.)
andúnië
place name. Sunset
A city in western Númenor, “so called because it faced the sunset” (S/261). It is andúnë “sunset” with the abstract-noun suffix -ië.
Conceptual Development: The name ᴹQ. Andúnie appeared in the earliest tales of Númenor, first as a name for Númenor itself (LR/14), but soon changing to the name of a major city of that land (LR/25). At one point Tolkien considered changing this name to ᴹQ. Undúnië, but he soon rejected the idea (SD/333, SD/340 note #2).
andúnë
sunset, west, evening
andúnë noun "sunset, west, evening" (NDŪ, Markirya, SA), also in Namárië: Andúnë "West" (but the standard Quenya translation of "west" is Númen) (Nam, RGEO:66) Cf. andu- in Andúnië, Andúril.
núla
dark, occult, mysterious
núla ("ñ")adj. "dark, occult, mysterious" (PE17:125)
núlë
black arts, secrecy
núlë ("ñ")noun "black arts, secrecy" (PE17:125)
númeheru
lord of the west
#númeheru noun "Lord of the West" (númë + heru), attested in these inflected forms: 1) númeheruen "of [the] Lord of the West" (Manwë) (SD:290); this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en instead of -o as in LotR-style Quenya; 2) pl. númeheruvi "Lords-of-West" ("West-lords" = Valar) in SD:246.
númenya
western
númenya adj. "western" (NDŪ)
númenyaron
of the lords [valar] of the west
númenyaron inflected adj. used as noun?, a word occurring in a phrase from an earlier version of Fíriel's Song, Valion númenyaron, "of the Lords [Valar] of the West". But númenyaron cannot simply mean "of the West"; it seems to be the plural genitive of númenya "western", hence literally *"of the western (things, persons, realms)" or "of the Westerners".
númessier
they are in the west
númessier vb. "they are in the west", a construction occurring in Fíriel's Song, evidently núme(n)-ssë-ie-r "west-in-are-they"; the stative-verb suffix -ië is probably not valid in LotR-style Quenya (FS)
númëa
in the west
númëa adj. "in the West" (actually an adjective *"western", in Tolkien's later Quenya also númenya)(LT1:263)
nún
down below, underneath
nún 1) adv. "down below, underneath" (NŪ)
núra
deep
núra adj. "deep" (NŪ)
núro
servant
núro noun "servant" (NDŪ; in Etym as published in LR, the gloss is misread as "sunset"; see VT45:38)
núta-
set, sink
núta- vb. "set, sink" (of Sun or Moon) (NDŪ). In early "Qenya", the word was glossed "stoop, sink" (LT1:263)
nútil
under-point
nútil (nútill-, pl. nútilli given) noun "under-point", term used in children's play for "toe" (the counterpart of ortil, q.v.) (VT47:10)
ortil
up-point
ortil (ortill-, pl. ortilli given) noun "up-point", term used in children's play for "finger", the counterpart of nútil, q.v. (VT47:10)
tarcil
proper name. High Man, Númenórean
A term for the “high men”, those of Númenórean descent (LotR/1131). It is a compound of tar- “high” and a shortened form of Hildo “Man”.
Conceptual Development: In the early tales of Númenor from the 1930-40s, Tolkien used the term ᴹQ. Turkil “Great or Lordly Man” in the different versions of the Lament of Atalante (LR/47, SD/246). The initial element of this earlier term was derived from the root ᴹ√TUR “power, control, mastery, victory”, as indicated in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/TUR). The term ᴹQ. Tarkil also appeared in The Etymologies, and the two terms seemed to be equivalent (Ety/TĀ, TUR). In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, only the term ᴹQ. Tarkil appears (TI/8, 84; WR/310), so apparently Turkil became obsolete.
tillë
tip, point
tillë (pl. tilli given) noun "tip, point", used with reference to fingers and toes (VT47:10, 26); compare ortil, nútil, q.v.
andúnë
place name. The West
nú-
prefix. going down, setting (of sun), west
nútil
noun. under-point
númenor
Númenor
essë
noun. name
núlë
noun. black arts, sorcery
númen
noun. west, direction or region of the sunset, occident, (lit.) going down
núna
adjective. western
núta-
verb. to lower, to lower; [ᴹQ.] to set, sink (of Sun or Moon); [ᴱQ.] to stoop
undu
preposition/adverb. down, under, down, under, [ᴹQ.] beneath
-duinë
suffix. (large) river
-nna
to
-n (1) dative ending, originating as a reduced form of -nă "to", related to the allative ending -nna (VT49:14). Attested in nin, men, ten, enyalien, Erun, airefëan, tárin, yondon (q.v.) and also added to the English name Elaine (Elainen) in a book dedication to Elaine Griffiths (VT49:40). The longer dative ending -na is also attested in connection with some pronouns, such as sena, téna, véna (q.v.), also in the noun mariéna from márië "goodness" (PE17:59). Pl. -in (as in hínin, see hína), partitive pl. -lin, dual -nt (Plotz). The preposition ana (#1) is said to be used "when purely dative formula is required" (PE17:147), perhaps meaning that it can replace the dative ending, e.g. *ana Eru instead of Erun for "to God". In some of Tolkiens earlier material, the ending -n (or -en) expressed genitive rather than dative, but he later decided that the genitive ending was to be -o (cf. such a revision as Yénië Valinóren becoming Yénië Valinórëo, MR:200).
Námo
judge
Námo (1) noun "Judge", name of a Vala, normally called Mandos, properly the place where he dwells (WJ:402)
Númenórea
adjective. [of Westernesse]
Pitya-naucor
petty-dwarves
Pitya-naucor pl. noun "Petty-dwarves" (sg. #Pitya-nauco, cf. nauco) Also Picinaucor (WJ:389)
Tindómisel
noun. nightingale
PQ. nightingale
a-
complete
a- (1) prefix occurring in the word Atalante, said to denote "complete". Probably just a prefixed stemvowel; cf. a root like ANÁR, said to be derived from NAR. (TALÁT)
aira
holy
aira (2) adj. "holy"; see airë #1
airë
holy
airë (1) adj. "holy", #Airefëa "the Holy Spirit" (VT43:37, dative airefëan on the previous page), airetári or Airë Tári "holy queen" (a title of Varda, PM:363), genitive aire-tário "holy-queen's" (Nam, RGEO:67). However, according to PM:363, airë is the noun "sanctity", while aira is the adjective "holy". VT43:14 refers to an etymological note of "Sept.-Oct. 1957" where airë is said to be a noun "sanctity, holiness", and the adjective "holy" is given as airëa. However, the verb #airita- "hallow" seems to be formed from an adjective airë, airi- "holy". Evidently airë can function as both adjective ("holy") and noun ("holiness"); if so airë as adj. could represent a primitive adjective gaisi, whereas airë as noun may descend from gaisē. The former but not the latter would have the stem airi- (as observed in the derived verb #airita-), and compounds like airetári (rather than *airitári) would seem to contain properly the noun "holiness".
airëa
holy
airëa adj. "holy"; see airë.
aista
holy
aista (1) adj. "holy" (VT43:37)
aista
adjective. *holy
ana
to
ana (1) prep. "to" (VT49:35), "as preposition _ana _is used when purely _dative formula is required" (PE17:147), perhaps meaning that the preposition ana can be used instead of the dative ending -n (#1, q.v.) Also as prefix: ana- "to, towards" (NĀ1); an (q.v.) is used with this meaning in one source (PE17:127)_
andú-
prefix. going down, setting (of sun), west
andúna
western
andúna adj. "western" (PE17:18)
andúna
adjective. western
andúne
noun. sunset
sunset
andúta
verb. lower
andúta-
verb. to lower
andúya
verb. descend
andúya-
verb. to descend
canya
adjective. wise
casar
noun. Dwarf
cato
adverb. afterwards
caurëa
timid
caurëa _("k")_adj. "timid" (LT1:257)
cautáron
bent
cautáron ("k") adj.?"bent" (MC:216; this is "Qenya")
celusindi
river
celusindi _("k")_noun "river" (LT1:257; hardly a valid word in Tolkien's later Quenya, where the terms sírë and sirya appear instead)
cuvoite
adjective. hiding, secretive
cúna
bent, curved
cúna ("k") 1) adj. "bent, curved", from which is derived 2) cúna- vb. "bend", occurring with a- prefix (changed by Tolkien from a na-prefix) in Markirya. Here cúna- is intransitive; we do not know whether it can also be transitive "bend".
effírië
death
#effírië noun "death" (isolated from effíriemmo "of our death"). A verbal stem *effir- "expire, die" seems to be implied. (VT43:34)
effírië
noun. death
enar
adverb. tomorrow
entan
noun. tomorrow
enwa
tomorrow
enwa adv. "tomorrow" (QL:34)
esse
noun. name
essë
name
essë (1) noun "name", also later name of Tengwa #31, originally (MET) called árë (ázë). (Appendix E). With a pronominal ending esselya "thy name" (VT43:14). Pl. #essi in PM:339 and MR:470, gen.pl. #esseron "of names" in the compound Nómesseron (q.v.); we would rather have expected *ession, given the nom.pl. essi; perhaps #esser is a valid alternative plural form. Essecarmë noun "name-making" (MR:214, 470), Eldarin ceremony where the father announces the name of his child. Essecenta *("k") noun "Name-essay" (see centa) (MR:415); Essecilmë noun "name-choosing", an Eldarin ceremony where a child named him- or herself according to personal lámatyávë (q.v.) (MR:214, 471). The meaning Tolkien originally assigned to the word essë** in the Etymologies was "place" rather than "name" (VT45:12).
esta-
verb. name
fai; afea
adverb. before (of time)
fuine
noun. deep shadow
PQ. deep shadow, night shade
ham-
judge
#ham- (2) vb. "judge", attested in the aorist form hamil "you judge". (VT42:33; notice the pronominal ending -l "you". See nemë. The verb #ham- with the meaning "judge" may seem to be an ephemeral form in Tolkien's conception.)
hlóna
river, especially given to those at all seasons full of water from mountains
[hlóna (2) noun "a river, especially given to those at all seasons full of water from mountains" (VT48:27; the word is marked with a query and the note containing it rejected; it was apparently replaced by lón, q.v.)]
hróva
dark, dark brown
hróva adj. "dark, dark brown", used to refer to hair (PE17:154)
inca
idea
inca ("k")noun "idea" (VT45:18, where the word is cited with a final hyphen, though its gloss would indicate that it is a noun not a verb. Originally, the triple glosses "idea, notion, guess" were provided.)
isqua
wise
isqua ("q") adj. "wise" (LT2:339).
istima
adjective. wise, knowledgeable, v.well informed
iswa
wise
iswa adj. "wise" (LT2:339); rather saila in Tolkiens later Quenya.
li(n)-
prefix. many
lie#
noun. race
race
limbë
many
limbë (2) adj. "many", probably obsoleted by #1 above (LT2:342)
lin-
many
lin- (1) (prefix) "many" (LI), seen in lindornëa, lintyulussëa; assimilated lil- in lillassëa.
linqui
wet
linqui ("q")adj. "wet" (MC:216; Tolkien's later Quenya has linquë.)
linquë
wet
linquë ("q") (1) adj. "wet" _(LINKWI). In early "Qenya", this word was glossed "water" (LT1:262)_, and "wet" was linqui or liquin, q.v.
liquin
wet
liquin ("q")adj. "wet" (LT1:262; Tolkien's later Quenya has linquë.)
locin
adjective. bent
lom-
hide
lom- vb. "hide" (LT1:255; given in the form lomir "I hide"; read *lomin if the word is to be adapted to LotR-style Quenya.)
lomba
secret
lomba adj.or noun "secret" (LT1:255)
luvu-
lower, brood
luvu- vb. "lower, brood" (LT1:259)
lún
deep
lún adj.??? a word of obscure meaning, perhaps "deep" as used of water (VT48:28)
lúna
dark
lúna adj. *"dark" in Lúnaturco and Taras Lúna, Quenya names of Barad-dûr (Dark Tower). (PE17:22). In the Etymologies, lúnë "blue" was changed by Tolkien from lúna (VT45:29).
lúrëa
dark, overcast
lúrëa adj. "dark, overcast" (LT1:259)
lúto
flood
lúto noun "flood" (LT1:249)
missë
wet, damp, rain
[missë] adj.ornoun "wet, damp, rain" (VT45:35)
mixa
wet
mixa ("ks")adj. "wet" (MISK); later sources have néna, nenya
mordo
shadow, obscurity, stain
mordo (1) noun "shadow, obscurity, stain" (MOR)
morilindë
nightingale
morilindë noun "nightingale" (MOR)
morna
dark, black
morna adj. "dark, black" (Letters:282, LT1:261; also used of black hair, PE17:154), or "gloomy, sombre" (MOR). Used as noun in the phrase mi…morna of someone clad "in…black" (PE17:71). In tumbalemorna (Letters:282), q.v. Pl. mornë in Markirya**(the first version of this poem had "green rocks", MC:215, changed to ondolisse mornë** "upon dark rocks" in the final version; see MC:220, note 8).
morĭ
adjective. dark
PQ. dark
móri
dark
móri adj. "dark" (MC:221; this is "Qenya"; in Tolkien's later Quenya mórë, morë)
na
to, towards
na (2) prep. "to, towards", possibly obsoleted by #1 above; for clarity writers may use the synonym ana instead (NĀ1). Originally, Tolkien glossed na as "at, by, near"; the new meaning entered together with the synonyms an, ana (VT45:36).
naina-
lament
naina- vb. "lament" (NAY), also reduplicated nainaina- (VT45:37). Gerund nainië, "lament" as a noun (RGEO:66)
nainië
noun. lament, lament, *lamentation
nairë
lament
nairë noun "lament" (NAY)
nam-
judge
#nam- vb. "judge", attested in the 1st person aorist: namin "I judge" (VT41:13). Compare Námo.
nauco
noun. dwarf
naucon
noun. Dwarf
nav-
judge
#nav- vb. "judge" (cited in the form navë, apparently the 3rd person aorist). Also given with pronominal suffixes: navin *"I judge" (Tolkien's free translation: "I think"), navilwë "we judge" (VT42:33, 4, VT48:11)
naxa
noun. bond
bond, fetter
ne
scent
ne (1) noun (or root?) "scent" (PE17:100)
nem-
judge
[#nem- vb. "judge", attested as endingless aorist nemë, changed by Tolkien to hamë and finally to navë "in all but one case" (Bill Welden). Forms like námo "judge" and namna "statute" point rather to #nam- (q.v.) as a verb "to judge" (VT42:34); the verb namin "I judge" is even listed in Etym.]
nen
river
nen noun "river" (LT1:248), "river, water" (LT1:262) (In Tolkien's later Quenya, nén with a long vowel means "water", but hardly "river" - that is sírë.)
nenda
adjective. wet
nenya
wet
nenya adj. "wet" (PE17:52), also néna, q.v. Nenya as the name of a Ring of Power seems to imply *"(thing) related to water", since this Ring was associated with that element (SA:nen).
nenya
adjective. wet
neuro
follower, successor
neuro noun "follower, successor" (NDEW)
ninda
adjective. wet
nion
bee
nion noun "bee" (GL:60)
noi
lament
noi noun "lament" (NAY)
norië
race, running
norië, also normë, noun "race, running" (PE17:169)
norno
noun. Dwarf
nyarna
tale, saga
nyarna noun "tale, saga" (NAR2), compounded in nyarmamaitar noun "storyteller" (PE17:163), literally *"tale-artist" (see maitar).
nyárë
tale, saga, history
nyárë noun "tale, saga, history". Compounded in Eldanyárë "History of the Elves", lumenyárë "history, chronological account" (NAR2, LR:199). Compare nyarië, nyarna.
nyéna-
lament
nyéna- vb. "lament" (LT1:262). Compare naina- in Tolkiens later Quenya.
ná
is
ná (1) vb. "is" (am). (Nam, RGEO:67). This is the copula used to join adjectives, nouns or pronouns "in statements (or wishes) asserting (or desiring) a thing to have certain quality, or to be the same as another" (VT49:28). Also in impersonal constructions: ringa ná "it is cold" (VT49:23). The copula may however be omitted "where the meaning is clear" without it (VT49:9). Ná is also used as an interjection "yes" or "it is so" (VT49:28). Short na in airë [] na, "[] is holy" (VT43:14; some subject can evidently be inserted in the place of [].) Short na also functions as imperative: alcar mi tarmenel na Erun "glory in high heaven be to God" (VT44:32/34), also na airë "be holy" (VT43:14); also cf. nai "be it that" (see nai #1). The imperative participle á may be prefixed (á na, PE17:58). However, VT49:28 cites ná as the imperative form. Pl. nar or nár "are" (PE15:36, VT49:27, 9, 30); dual nát (VT49:30). With pronominal endings: nányë/nanyë "I am", nalyë or natyë "you (sg.) are" (polite and familiar, respectively), nás "it is", násë "(s)he is", nalmë "we are" (VT49:27, 30). Some forms listed in VT49:27 are perhaps to be taken as representing the aorist: nain, naityë, nailyë (1st person sg, and 2nd person familiar/polite, respectively); does a following na represent the aorist with no pronominal ending? However, the forms nanyë, nalyë, ná, nassë, nalme, nar (changed from nár) are elsewhere said to be "aorist", without the extra vowel i (e.g. nalyë rather than nailyë); also notice that *"(s)he is" is here nassë rather than násë (VT49:30).Pa.t. nánë or né "was", pl. náner/nér and dual nét "were" (VT49:6, 9, 10, 27, 28, 30, 36). According to VT49:31, né "was" cannot receive pronominal endings (though nésë "he was" is attested elsewhere, VT49:28-29), and such endings are rather added to the form ane-, e.g. anen "I was", anel "you were", anes "(s)he/it was" (VT49:28-29). Future tense nauva "will be" (VT42:34, VT49:19, 27; another version however gives the future tense as uva, VT49:30). Nauva with a pronominal ending occurs in tanomë nauvan "I will be there" (VT49:19), this example indicating that forms of the verb ná may also be used to indicate position. Perfect anaië "has been" (VT49:27, first written as anáyë). Infinitive (or gerund) návë "being", PE17:68. See also nai #1.
námo
noun. judge
néna
wet
néna adj. "wet" (PE17:167). Cf. nenya, mixa.
néna
adjective. wet
ní
beneath, not touching, under
ní (3) prep. "beneath, not touching, under" (PE17:95)
nóla
wise, learned
nóla ("ñ") (1) adj. "wise, learned" (ÑGOL) (note that this and the next nóla would be spelt differently in Tengwar writing, and originally they were also pronounced differently, since nóla "wise, learned" was ñóla in First Age Quenya).
nóna
adjective. born
núla
adjective. dark, occult, mysterious
núla
preposition. under [beyond]
númen
noun/adjective. westward
númë
noun. west
núta
verb. lower
nútaite
adjective. ?lowering (naturally), degrading
nútima
adjective. *lowerable
núya-
verb. descend
núya-
verb. to descend
opto
noun. back
ortil
noun. up-point
parna
bare
parna adj. "bare" (PE17:86), also with variant form parnë (PE17:171)
parna
adjective. bare
passa
smooth, glabrous
passa adj. "smooth, glabrous" (PE17:171)
pasta
smooth
pasta (2) adj. "smooth" (PATH), variant of passa
pontë
back, rear
pontë (ponti-) noun "back, rear" (QL:75)
pusta
stop
pusta (1) noun "stop", in punctuation full stop (PUS). Compare putta.
putta
stop
putta noun "stop" (in punctuation) _(PUT; see PUS). _According to VT46:10, a dot under a letter is intended, possibly indicating that the consonant is not followed by a vowel; cf. VT46:33 and see VT49:38, 40 regarding an actual example of such punctuation in a Tengwar sample.
quenta
tale
quenta ("q")noun "tale" (KWET), "narrative, story" (VT39:16); Quenta Silmarillion "the Story/Tale of the Silmarils", also Quenta Eldalien "History of the Elves" (SD:303), notice "Qenya" genitive in -n in the latter title. Quenta is also translated "account", as in Valaquenta "Account of the Valar".
runda
smooth, polished
runda (1) adj. "smooth, polished" (PE17:89)
saila
wise
#saila adj. "wise" (isolated from alasaila [q.v.] "unwise" in a late source)
saila
adjective. wise
saira
wise
saira adj. "wise" (SAY, VT46:12; a later source has the alternative formation #saila as above)
sanar
mind
sanar noun "mind" (literally "thinker" or "reflector", suggesting an underlying verb #sana- "to think, to reflect") (VT41:13)
sanda
name
[sanda, sandë] (þ) (2) noun "name" (VT46:16)
sanya
name
[sanya] (þ) (2) noun ?"name" (reading of gloss uncertain, VT46:16)
senna
short
senna (þ, cf. older form thenna) adj. "short" (PE17:185). This is a later (TLT) variant of sinta.
senna
adjective. short
sindi
river
sindi noun "river" (LT1:265; rather sírë in LotR-style Quenya)
sinta
short
sinta (þ) (1) adj. "short" (STINTĀ). Cf. senna #2.
sirya
river
#sirya noun "river", attested in the dual form siryat (VT47:11). Compare sírë.
sulca
root
sulca ("k") noun "root" (especially as edible) (SÚLUK)
sáma
mind
sáma noun "mind" (pl. sámar and dual samat [sic, read *sámat?] are given) (VT39:23, VT41:5, VT49:33, PE17:183)
sáma
noun. mind
síma
mind, imagination
síma noun "mind, imagination" (VT49:16); variant isima. Also attested with endings: símaryassen "in their imaginations" (with the ending -rya used = "their" rather than "his/her", according to colloquial useage) (VT49:16)
sír
river
sír noun "river", shorter form of sirë (PE17:65, VT49:17)
sír(ë)
noun. river, river, [ᴱQ.] stream
The most common Quenya word for “river”, derived from the root √SIR “flow”.
Conceptual Development: This word first appeared as ᴱQ. sīre “stream” as a derivative of ᴱ√SIŘI [SIÐI] (QL/84), and this form and gloss also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/84). The form ᴹQ. siri- “river” appeared in the Declension of Nouns (DN) from the early 1930s, along with uninflected sire with short i and various inflected forms with siry- (PE21/10). The form sīre “river” with long ī appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of ᴹ√SIR “flow” (Ety/SIR; EtyAC/SIR). In several notes from the mid-1960s, it appeared in monosyllabic form sír (PE17/65) or sīr (VT49/17), but it had dual form siryat from the late 1960s implying a stem form of sirĭ- and a development similar to that of DN from the early 1930s (VT47/11).
Neo-Eldarin: Its form síre is probably better known and more commonly used in Neo-Quenya. For example this is the typical form in Helge Fauskanger’s NQNT (NQNT).
sírë
river
sírë noun "river" (SIR, VT46:13), "stream" (LT1:265). Also short form sír, q.v.Compare #sirya.
tap-
stop, block
tap- vb. "stop, block" (the form tapë given in the Etymologies is translated "he stops, blocks", evidently the 3rd person sg. aorist. In Etym as printed in LR, a was misprinted as á, cf. VT46:17). Pa.t. tampë (TAP)
tindómerel
noun. nightingale
TQ. nightingale
tindómizel
noun. nightingale
PQ. nightingale
tulya-
lead
tulya- vb. "lead" (+ allative: lead into) (VT43:22)
tuo
muscle, sinew, vigour, physical strength
tuo noun "muscle, sinew, vigour, physical strength" (TUG)
tára
wise
tára (2) ?"wise". (From tentative notes trying to explain Daur [unlenited *Taur] as Sindarin name of Frodo; the more normal word for "wise" seems to be saila/saira.)
tára
adjective. wise
ulca
adjective. dark
dark, gloomy, sinister
undu
down
urnótima
difficult to count
urnótima adj. Unglossed, apparently *"difficult to count" (PE17:172)
urtu
noun. death
voronwë
steadfastness, loyalty, faithfulness
voronwë noun "steadfastness, loyalty, faithfulness" (CO), also as masc. name Voronwë "the Faithful" (PM:340, BORÓN, LT1:250)
vérë
bond, troth, compact, oath
vérë (1) noun "bond, troth, compact, oath" (WED)
wet
wet
wet, see we #2
yarra-
growl, snarl
yarra- noun "growl, snarl" (stem used as participle in Markirya, translated "snarling")
ye
is
ye (2) copula "is" (FS, VT46:22); both earlier and later sources rather point to ná (q.v.) as the copula "is", so ye may have been an experiment Tolkien later abandoned. Future tense yéva, q.v.
ñol-
smell
ñol- noun "smell" (VT45:5); strengthened aññol, q.v. Possibly ñol- should be regarded as simply the root underlying olmë, q.v.
úyë
is
úyë vb., a form occurring in Fíriel's Song (cf. VT46:22), apparently ye "is" with the negative prefix ú-, hence "is not" (úyë sérë indo-ninya símen, translated "my hearth resteth not here", literally evidently *"[there] is not rest [for] my heart here")
catta
noun. back
A neologism for “back” coined by Paul Strack in 2022 specifically for Eldamo, based on Q. ca(ta) “behind, at back of place”. This word can refer to the back of body as well as the back of other things.
enar
noun. tomorrow
ettirno
noun. spy
hempa
noun. cord
lemba
adjective. sad
lina
adjective. many
A neologism for the adjective “many” derived from the root √LI, typically appearing in its plural form linë. Like English, it has the sense “many but not all, a majority (of)”: compare with nótima which can be used with the “some”. Early versions of this lexicon recommended using ᴱQ. lia, but that word’s plural form collides with Q. lië “people”.
núlemo
noun. (evil) sorceror, black magician
núrie
noun. depth (abstract)
@@@ Discord 2022-06-09 cf. tárie "height"
núromolië
noun. ministry, (lit.) servant-labour
núrë
noun. maid servant, servant-woman
veuya-
verb. to serve
vev-
verb. to serve
yur-
verb. to run
nu prep. "under" _(LR:56, Markirya, Nam, RGEO:66, MC:214; the _Etymologies alone gives no [q.v.] instead). In Mar-nu-Falmar, nuhuinenna, q.v. Prefix nú- in nútil, q.v.