Quenya 

nu

under

nu prep. "under" _(LR:56, Markirya, Nam, RGEO:66, MC:214; the _Etymologies alone gives no [q.v.] instead). In Mar-nu-Falmar, nuhuinenna, q.v. Prefix - in nútil, q.v.

nu

preposition. under, beneath

Quenya [LotR/0377; LotR/1123; MC/222; PE17/064; PE17/066; PE22/168; RGEO/58] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Nur-menel

nur-menel

Nur-menel noun the lesser firmament, a great dome covering Valinor, made by Varda and full of star-imagines (see tinwë, nillë). It was a simulacrum of Tar-menel, the true firmament (MR:388)

nuntixë

nuntixë

**nuntixë ("ks"), misreading for unutixë, q.v.

nurwë

masculine name. Nurwë

An ancient leader among the Avari (MR/81). The final element of his name is the suffix -wë common in ancient names, but the meaning of the initial element is unclear.

Quenya [MRI/Nurwë; WJI/Nurwë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nuhta-

stunt, prevent from coming to completion, stop short, not allow to continue

nuhta- vb. "stunt, prevent from coming to completion, stop short, not allow to continue" (WJ:413)

nuhta-

verb. to stunt, prevent from coming to completion, stop short, not allow to continue

nur-menel

place name. *Under Heaven

A term for the “lesser firmament” created by Varda in imitation of the true heavens Tarmenel (MR/388). It is probably a compound of some form of nu “under” and menel “the heavens”.

Quenya [MR/388; MRI/Nur-menel; PE17/022] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nu fanyarë rúcina

under ruined skies

The thirty-fourth line of the Markirya poem (MC/222). The first word is the preposition nu “under” followed by the noun fanyarë “skies” and the adjective rúcina, itself the passive participle of the verb ruc-.

Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:

> nu fanyarë rúcina = “✱under skies ruined”

nuhuinenna

under shadow

nuhuinenna adj. "under shadow" (allativic: nu-huinë-nna "under-shadow-to") (SD:246); see huinë.

nunduinë

place name. *West River

A river in Western Númenor (UT/168), probably a compound of núna “western” and -(n)duinë “(large) river”.

Quenya [UTI/Nunduinë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nurtalë valinóreva

proper name. the Hiding of Valinor

The time when the Valar hid Valinor from the attacks of Morgoth (S/102). This name is a combination of nurtalë “hiding” and the possessive form of Valinórë.

Quenya [LT1I/Nurtalë Valinoréva; MR/133; MRI/Nurtalë Valinóreva; S/102; SI/Nurtalë Valinóreva] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Nunduinë

west-flow

Nunduinë noun *"West-flow", name of a river in Númenor (UT:168). Compare nuinë. Since this comes from earlier duine, the name appears with the d intact following n: The initial element of Nunduinë is #nún, q.v.

Nurquendi

gnomes

Nurquendi ("q")noun "Gnomes" (lit. *"Deep Elves"), sg. *Nurquendë (NŪ)

Nurufantur

lord of death-cloud

Nurufantur noun "lord of Death-cloud", surname of Mandos (SPAN, ÑGUR)

nucumna

humbled

nucumna ("k")adj. (or passive participle) "humbled" (SD:246). This probably contains a verbal stem #nucum- "to humble, humiliate"; compare naham- with passive participle nahamna (q.v.)

nuinë

river (of large volume, and liable to flooding)

nuinë noun "river (of large volume, and liable to flooding)". The word is said to be archaic, surviving chiefly in topographical names. It comes from earlier duine, hence appearing in that form in a name like Nunduinë (VT48:30-31), apparently also Anduinë (q.v.) Tolkien struck out the paragraph where nuinë occurs, but the names Nunduinë/Anduinë would suggest that the word as such is conceptually valid.

nulda

secret

nulda adj. "secret" (DUL)

nulla

dark, dusky, obscure

nulla adj. "dark, dusky, obscure" (NDUL), "secret" (DUL). See also VT45:11.

numba

bent, humped

numba adj. "bent, humped" (PE17:168)

numbë

root, foundation

[numbë noun "root, foundation", also núvë (VT45:38)]

numenda-

get low (of the sun)

numenda- vb. "get low (of the Sun)" (also númeta-) (LT1:263; in Tolkien's later Quenya núta-)

nuquerna

reversed

nuquerna adj. "reversed", or perhaps rather *"turned upside down". Attested in the phrases silmë nuquerna and árë nuquerna, q.v.

nurru-

murmur, grumble

nurru- vb. "murmur, grumble" (cf. "Qenya" núru-); participle nurrula in Markirya, changed to nurrua, perhaps a kind of verbal adjective of the same meaning (translated "mumbling" in MC:215)

nurta-

hide

#nurta- vb. "hide", verbal stem isolated from nurtalë "hiding", q.v.

nurtalë

hiding

nurtalë noun "hiding" (evidently a verbal stem #nurta- "hide" with the verbal noun ending -); Nurtalë Valinóreva "the Hiding of Valinor" (Silm)

nuru

death, death

nuru, Nuru noun "death, Death" _(ÑGUR). This represents earlier ñuru (VT46:4) _and should be spelt accordingly in Tengwar writing. When personalized, Nuru refers to Mandos. Cf. Nurufantur.

nuruhuinë

death-shadow

nuruhuinë noun "death-shadow" (LR:47, 56, SD:310)

nut-

tie

nut- vb. "tie" (1st pers. aorist nutin "I tie") (NUT)

nuxo

petty dwarf

nuxo noun "Petty dwarf" (PE17:45; the spellings "nukso" and "nuxo" both occur in the source). Elsewhere the Petty-dwarves are called Picinaucor or Pitya-naucor, q.v.

nurta-

verb. *to hide

nuinë

suffix. river

numba

adjective. bent, humped

nuquerna

adjective. reversed, inverted, *(lit.) under-turned

nurru-

verb. to murmur, grumble, mumble

Quenya [MC/222; MC/223] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nurtalë

noun. hiding

nuxo

noun. Petty dwarf

nur-

verb. grow dark, be dark

Quenya [PE 22:103] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

nusta

verb. smell

Quenya [PE 22:103] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

unutixë

unutixë

unutixë ("ks")noun dot or point placed below the line of writing (TIK). In the Etymologies as printed in LR, the initial element unu- was misread was nun- (VT46:19). The variant unutexë ("ks") was rejected by Tolkien (VT46:20)

lanu

lead

lanu noun "lead" (LT1:268)

nupattal

noun. horseshoe

A neologism for “horseshoe” by Valerie posted on 2023-05-08 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), a combination of nu “under” and [ᴺQ.] pattal “hoof”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nuinerocco

noun. hippopotamus, (lit.) river-horse

A neologism for “hippopotamus” coined by Dírheron on Discord in 2019, a combination of nuinë “river” and rocco “horse”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nunya

adjective. lower (as in quality, rank or value)

@@@ Discord 2022-05-23 cf. nútaite from núta-

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nutanwë

noun. infrastructure

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

numbë

noun. timidity

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

numbëa

adjective. timid

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nuqua

noun. obstacle

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nur

noun. complaint, growl

nurda

noun. cord, rope

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nurmea

adjective. subordinate, lesser

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nurmë

noun. subordination

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nurno

adjective. dark, deep (of hue)

@@@ from Discord 2022-03-05

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nurrulë

noun. murmuring

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nus

noun. smell

nustaima

adjective. odorous, (lit.) able to be smelled

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

nustë

noun. sense of smell

nungwë

noun. cold (in the nose or head)

nur-

verb. to serve

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

notessë

numeral

#notessë noun "numeral" (VT47:14, there in plural form notessi) Also #nótessë pl. nótessi with a long ó (VT48:14)

nótë

number

nótë noun "number" (NOT)

notessë

noun. numeral

Elements suggested by editors on VT48/14, note #3.

Quenya [VT47/03; VT47/04] Group: Eldamo. Published by

únótima

adjective. numberless, innumerable, countless, difficult/impossible to count

Quenya [LotR/0377; LotR/1115; PE17/062; PE17/063; PE17/076; PE17/144; PE22/156; PE22/160; RGEO/58; VT39/14; VT42/33] Group: Eldamo. Published by

peccuvo

noun. nut-hider, squirrel

Quenya [PE 22:155] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

úmahta(le)

noun. nuisance

Quenya [PE 22:119] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

canu

noun. lead

avanótë

without number, numberless

avanótë adj. "without number, numberless" (AWA, AR2, VT49:36)

rimba

frequent, numerous

rimba adj. "frequent, numerous" (RIM)

aina

adjective. holy, revered, numinous, holy, revered, numinous, *divine, [ᴱQ.] worshipful

Quenya [PE17/149; SA/aina; VT43/14; VT43/32; VT44/05; VT44/07; VT44/17; WJ/399] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lanotoitë

adjective. innumerable

lanotoite

adjective. innumerable

Quenya [PE 22:156] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

huinë

deep shadow

huinë noun "deep shadow" (PHUY), "gloom" (VT41:8), "gloom, darkness" (SA:fuin), also used for "shadow" = Sauron (LR:56). Possessive (adjectival) form huinéva in the name Taurë Huinéva, q.v. In earlier sources, huinë is quoted as a variant of fuinë, but according to VT41:8, huinë is the proper Quenya form and fuinë is Telerin.With prefix nu- "under" and allative ending -nna in nuhuinenna (SD:246); also unuhuinë "under-shadow" (LR:47).

no

under

no prep. "under" (NŪ; all other sources give nu instead. In early "Qenya", no meant "upon"; MC:214)

pecco Reconstructed

noun. nut

In notes from 1969, Tolkien had a word Q. pekkuvo “nut-hider” = “squirrel” (PE22/155). Since √KUB was “hide” in that document, the element pek- must be “nut”. Its form outside of compounds is unclear; the form pecco is a guess, originally suggested in a conversation on Google+ from 2018: j-teuber.github.io.

Conceptual Development: The only other “nut” words in Tolkien’s publish writings date back to the 1910s, where Tolkien had ᴱQ. kote (kotsi-) “nut” in the Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s (QL/48), probably derived from a (hypothetical) early root ✱ᴱ√KOTO given G. cod “nut” (GL/26). This early root conflicts with later √KOT that was the basis for ohta “war” and cotto “enemy”.

lupsë

noun. nugget, (small) chunk, clump, tidbit

@@@ from Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) 2023-04-07, < PE ✱lubsi

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

notessëa

adjective. numeral, digital

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

vendelis

noun. nun

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

tyet-

verb. to suckle, nurse

A neologism for “to suckle, nurse” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), based on the early root ᴱ√TYETE “give suck”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

-(n)duinë

suffix. (large) river

An element in several river names such as Q. Anduinë and Q. Nunduinë, the equivalent of S. duin. It did not survive as an independent word in Quenya:

> Common Eldarin bases DUY and LUY, for instance, were distinct. DUY meant “to flood, drench, inundate”, but LUY was the base of words for “blue”. Both would become LUY in Quenya. Which probably accounts for the disappearance from Quenya of C.E. ✱duinē “large river (liable to flood surrounding land)” seen in [S.] Anduin “long river” and Baranduin “brown river”: it became identical with [Q.] luine adj. “blue” (VT48/23).

In fact, its use in Quenya river names may have been a later loan from Sindarin.

Conceptual Development: In one place Tolkien did consider the suffix’s survival as an archaic independent Quenya noun †nuine, but Tolkien rejected the note where it appeared, replacing it with the above (VT48/30 note #2).

Quenya [RC/766; VT48/30] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-duinë

-duinë

-duinë, see nuinë, Nunduinë

Picinaucor

petty-dwarves

Picinaucor ("k") pl. noun "Petty-dwarves" (sg. #Picinauco, cf. nauco). Also Pitya-naucor (WJ:389). A distinct term nuxo is listed in PE17:45.

Tarmenel

high heaven

Tarmenel place-name "High Heaven" (LotR1:II ch. 1, VT44:34, in the latter source also locative tarmeneldë), Tar-menel "the true firmament", as opposed to Nur-menel (q.v.) (MR:388)

Valinor

the land (or people) of the valar

Valinor place-name "the land (or people) of the Valar", *"Vali-land" (Vali = Valar), land of the Gods in the West (BAL, NDOR); cf. Valandor. Full form Valinórë (BAL; Vali-nórëunder NDOR).Said to be "the true Eldarin name of Aman", the latter name being explained as a borrowing from Valarin in some versions of the linguistic scenario (VT49:26). In the early "Qenya Lexicon", Valinor, Valinórë is glossed "Asgard", the name of the city of the gods in Norse mythology (LT1:272). It seems that in such more restricted use, Valinor is not the entire Blessed Realm but rather the specific region beyond the Pelóri where (most of) the Valar dwelt, with Val(i)mar as the chief city. Thus it is said of Eärendil that he "went into Valinor and to the halls of Valimar" only after he had already left his ship and ventured as far as Tirion (Silmarillion, chapter 24). Possessive Valinóreva in Nurtalë Valinóreva, the "Hiding of Valinor", the possessive case here assuming the function of object genitive (Silm); genitive Valinórëo in Yénië Valinórëo "Annals of Valinor" (MR:200; the last word was changed from Valinóren, Tolkien revising the genitive ending from -n to -o)

aina

holy

aina (2) adj "holy" (AYAN), derived from Ainu. Adopted and adapted from Valarin. According to VT43:32, the word is "obsolete, except in Ainur", apparently suggesting that airë or airëa (q.v.) was the normal term for "holy" in later Quenya. However, Tolkien repeatedly used aina in his translation of the Litany of Loreto: Aina Fairë "Holy Spirit", Aina Neldië "Holy Trinity", Aina Maria "Holy Mary", Aina Wendë "Holy Virgin". He also used Aina Eruontari for "holy Mother" in his rendering of the Sub Tuum Praesidium(WJ:399, FS, SA, VT43:32, VT44:5, 12, 17-18)

fuinë

deep shadow

fuinë noun "deep shadow" (PHUY; cf. "Qenya" fuin "night" in MC:221). According to VT41:8, fuinë is not a Quenya form at all, but Telerin for Quenya huinë (but unquestionably, fuinë is quoted as a Quenya form in certain earlier sources; cf. also Fuinur below - perhaps we may assume that fuinë was borrowed into Quenya from Telerin and thus came to co-exist with huinë?

herunúmen

masculine name. Lord of the West

Tar-Herunúmen was the (somewhat heretical) Quenya name of the 20th ruler of Númenor, more commonly known by his Adûnaic name Ad. Ar-Adûnakhôr (S/267). His name is a compound of heru “lord” and númen “west”.

Conceptual Development: In the unfinished stories “The Lost Road” and “Notion Club Papers” from the 1930s and 40s, Tolkien used the term ᴹQ. Herunúmen to refer to the Valar as Lords of the West (LR/47, SD/310). Its use as a name of Adûnakhôr did not occur until The Lord of the Rings appendices were written (PM/164, note #11).

Quenya [PMI/Herunúmen; S/267; SA/heru; SI/Adûnakhôr; SI/Herunúmen; UTI/Ar-Adûnakhôr; UTI/Herunúmen; UTI/Tar-Herunúmen] Group: Eldamo. Published by

luimë

flood

luimë noun "flood" (VT48:23, 30; the additional glosses "floodwater, flooded land" were struck out, VT48:30), "flood, high tide" (VT48:24, 30). According to VT48:30, partially illegible glosses in Tolkien's manuscript may also suggest that luimë can be used for any tide, or for the spring tide (the maximum tide just after a new or full moon).

lóna

dark

?lóna (4) adj. "dark" (DO3/DŌ). If this is to be the cognate of "Noldorin"/Sindarin dûr, as the context seems to indicate, lóna is likely a misreading for *lóra in Tolkien's manuscript.

mori-

dark, black

mori- "dark, black" in a number of compounds (independent form morë, q.v.):Morimando "Dark Mando" = Mandos (MBAD, VT45:33), morimaitë "black-handed" (LotR3:VI ch. 6, VT49:42). Moriquendi "Dark Elves" (SA:mor, WJ:361, 373), Moringotto "Black Foe", Sindarin Morgoth, later name of Melkor. The oldest form is said to have been Moriñgotho (MR:194). In late material, Tolkien is seen to consider both Moringotto and Moricotto _("k") _as the Quenya form of the name Morgoth (VT49:24-25; Moricotto also appears in the ablative, Moricottollo). Morion "the dark one", a title of Morgoth (FS). Morifinwë "dark Finwë", masc. name; he was called Caranthir in Sindarin (short Quenya name Moryo). (PM:353) In the name Morinehtar, translated "Darkness-slayer", the initial element is defined would thus seem to signify "darkness" rather than "dark" as an adjective (see mórë). (PM:384, 385)

nillë

silver glint

nillë ("ñ") a star-imagine on Nur-menel (q.v.), from a stem ngil- noun "silver glint" (MR:388)

námo

masculine name. Judge, Ordainer

Vala of fate and keeper of the Houses of the Dead, spouse of Vairë, usually referred to by the name of his realm Mandos (S/28). His name is variously translated as “Judgement” (MR/150), “Judge” (WJ/402) or “Ordainer” (PE21/85). It is probably a translation of his (unknown) Valarin name (WJ/402).

Possible Etymology: The final element of this name is probably the agental suffix -mo, as with the name Irmo. Its initial element is most likely related to namna “statute” (MR/258) and the noun/verb pair námië “judgement” and nam- “to judge” (VT41/13).

If the sense “Ordainer” is the most accurate translation, the initial element of Námo may instead be the verb ná- “to be”. Along these lines, the word námo is elsewhere given as a general word for an unspecified person, probably originally meaning “being” (PM/340).

As the translation of a Valarin name, Námo may be related to the element Anamo in the name †Rithil-Anamo “Doom Ring”, a translation of Valarin Māχananaškād (WJ/401), elsewhere adapted phonetically into Quenya as Q. Máhanaxar (S/38). This supports the possibility that nam- “judge” is the basis for the name Námo.

Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, his true name was ᴱQ. (LT1/66, QL/58). Only the name ᴹQ. Mandos appeared in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, both as his true name and the name of his hall, though he was also known by the sobriquet ᴹQ. Nurufantur (LR/205). In Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, his true name re-emerged, first as Núr, soon changed to Námo (MR/150).

In some notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien considered revising this name to Návo, along with a new verb for “judge”: nav- (PE22/154 note #53). This change did not appear in the narratives, but does lend weight to the idea that Námo is related to nam-.

Quenya [MR/150; MRI/Námo; MRI/Núr; PE21/85; PE22/154; S/028; SI/Námo; UT/397; UTI/Námo; WJ/402; WJI/Námo] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nólë

long study (of any subject), lore, knowledge

nólë ) noun "long study (of any subject), lore, knowledge" (SA:gûl, also WJ:383 and MR:350, there spelt ñóle_, the earlier pronunciation. In the Etymologies, stem ÑGOL, the gloss is "wisdom".)_ Compare Nólion. At one point, Tolkien was dissatisfied with ÑGOL as the stem for "wisdom" and introduced the form núlë (q.v.) of slightly dissimilar meaning (PE17:125).

númellótë

masculine name. Flower of the West

The secret Quenya birth-name of Inziladûn translated “Flower of the West”, later called Tar-Palantir when he became the 24th ruler of Númenor (UT/227). This name is a compound of númen “west” and lótë “flower”, with the final -n of númen assimilate to the l.

Quenya [UT/227; UTI/Númellótë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

númen

west, the way of the sunset

númen noun "west, the way of the sunset" (SA:andúnë, cf. NDŪ, MEN; capitalized Númen under SA:men and in CO), "going down, occudent" (Letters:361), also name of tengwa #17 _(Appendix E). _According to VT45:38, the word is actually cited as "nú-men" in Tolkien's Etymologies manuscript. Allative númenna "Westward" (LR:47, SD:310, VT49:20, capitalized Númenna, VT49:22; numenna with a short u, VT49:23); adj. númenquerna "turned westward" (VT49:18, 20). See also númenyaron, númessier. - In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, "nú-men" was intended as the name of tengwa #21, to which letter Tolkien at this stage assigned the value n (VT45:38). However, this tengwa was later given the Quenya value r instead and was renamed órë.

númendil

masculine name. *Friend of the West

17th lord of Andúnië, grandfather of Elendil (UT/223). His name is a compound of númen “west” and the suffix -(n)dil “-friend”.

Quenya [PMI/Númendil; UTI/Númendil] Group: Eldamo. Published by

númenórë

place name. Westernesse, (lit.) West-land

The island-continent where the Edain settled after the fall of Beleriand (LotR/1035, S/261), often appearing in its shorter form Númenor. It is generally translated as “Westernesse” (LotR/194, S/261) but more literally means “West-land” (Let/224, RC/778). It is a compound of númen “west” and nórë “land” (Let/361).

Conceptual Development: In the very first draft of the Fall of Númenor, this name was given as ᴹQ. Númar or ᴹQ. Númenos (LR/11), but in the next draft these became the name its capital city, and the name Númenor emerged as the name of the land (LR/14). The full form ᴹQ. Númenóre appeared in The Etymologies, already with the derivation discussed above (Ety/NDŪ). It also appeared in an adjectival form Númenórea in linguistic notes from the 1930s (PE22/19).

Quenya [Let/151; Let/224; Let/303; Let/361; LotR/0194; LotRI/Númenor; LotRI/Westernesse; MRI/Númenor; PE17/015; PE17/016; PE17/064; PMI/Númenor; RC/778; S/261; SA/dôr; SI/Númenor; SI/Westernesse; UTI/Númenor; WJI/Númenor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

númerrámar

proper name. West-wings

The ship in which Aldarion first sailed from Númenor to Middle-earth, translated “West-wings” (UT/175). It is a compound of númen “west” and the plural of ráma “wing”, with the final -n of númen assimilated to the r.

Quenya [UT/175; UTI/Númerramar] Group: Eldamo. Published by

númeta-

get low (of the sun)

númeta- vb. "get low (of the Sun)" (also numenda-) (LT1:263; in Tolkien's later Quenya rather núta-); inflected númetar "set" ("went down in the West") (MC:221; this is "Qenya")

númë

going down, occident

númë noun "going down, occident" (Letters:361), "the West" (PE17:18), núme- "west" (VT45:38, LT1:263), "the West" In númeheruen and numeheruvi, q.v.

núna

western

núna adj. "western" (PE17:18), compare the element #nún- "west(ern)" in certain compounds, such as Núnatani and Nunduinë, q.v. (in the latter word, ú is apparently shortened as u before a consonant cluster). Compare númen.

núnatani

collective name. Western Men

The Quenya equivalent of Dúnedain, a compound of núna “western” and the plural of Atan “men” (WJ/386, PE17/18).

Quenya [PE17/018; WJ/386; WJI/Dúnedain; WJI/Núnatani] Group: Eldamo. Published by

núru-

growl (of dogs), grumble

núru- vb. "growl (of dogs), grumble" (LT1:263). Perhaps replaced by nurru- (q.v.) in Tolkien's later Quenya.

nútë

bond, knot

nútë noun "bond, knot" (NUT)

núvë

root, foundation

[núvë noun "root, foundation", also numbë (VT45:38)]

ontani

parent

ontani form cited in the Etymologies as printed in LR, entry ONO: supposedly the pl. of ontaro, ontarë noun "parent" (m. and. f.) Comparison with the singulars indicate that the n of ontani should actually be r. Thus ontani could be a misreading for ontari (SD:73), but according to VT46:7 the actual manuscript reading is ontaru, evidently a dual form referring to two parents.

quer-

turn

#quer- vb. "turn" (transitive), attested as pa.t. quernë (VT49:18-20). Compare kuere (kwere) as one variant of a stem meaning "turn" (PE14:65). English intransitive "to turn" requires a reflexive pronoun in Quenya: mo quernë immo "one turned oneself" (VT49:6), in idiomatic English simply "one turned". Passive participle #querna "turned", isolated from nuquerna (q.v.) "under-turned" = reversed, turned upside down. Also in númenquerna "turned westward" (VT49:18), nanquernë "turned back", pl. form of *nanquerna (VT49:17-18, 20)

tinwë

spark

tinwë noun "spark" (gloss misquoted as "sparkle" in the Etymologies as printed in LR, see VT46:19), also "star"; pl. tinwi "sparks", properly used of the star-imagines on Nur-menel (q.v.). Cf. nillë. (TIN, MR:388) In early "Qenya", tinwë was simply glossed "star" (LT1:269, cf. MC:214). In one late source, the meaning of tinwë is given as "spark", and it is said that this word (like Sindarin gil) was used of the stars of heaven "in place of the older and more elevated el, elen- stem" (VT42:11).

ulundë

flood

ulundë noun "flood" (ULU), possibly in the sense of (great) river.% Cf. nuinë, oloirë.

undu

down, under, beneath

undu adv. (and prep.?) "down, under, beneath" (UNU, VT46:20); prefixundu- "down", in undulávë "down-licked" = covered. (Nam)

urdu

death

urdu noun "death" (LT2:342; rather nuru in Tolkien's later Quenya)

únótima

not possible to count, countless

únótima adj. "not possible to count, countless" (VT39:14), pl. únótimë (translated "numberless") attested (ú-nót-imë "not-count-able") (Nam, RGEO:66, Appendix E). Cf. unnegated nótima, q.v.

-ië

suffix. is

- (3) "is", -ier "are", stative verb suffix occurring in Fíriel's Song: númessier "they are in the west", meldielto "they are...beloved", talantië "he is fallen", márië "it is good" (< *númessë "in the west", melda "beloved", *talanta "fallen"); future tense -iéva in hostainiéva "will be gathered" (< *hostaina "gathered"). Compare ye "is", yéva "will be", verbs that also occur in Fíriel's Song. This suffix is probably not valid in LotR-style Quenya: - is an infinitival or gerundial ending in CO, for ye "is" Namárië has , and the phrase "lost is" is vanwa ná, not *vanwië.

-nna

to, at, upon

-nna "to, at, upon", allative ending, originating from -na "to" with fortified n, VT49:14. Attested in cilyanna, coraryanna, Endorenna, Elendilenna, númenórenna, parma-restalyanna, rénna, senna, tielyanna, q.v. If a noun ends in -n already, the ending -nna merges with it, as in Amanna, formenna, Elenna, númenna, rómenna as the allative forms of Aman, formen, elen, númen, rómen (q.v.). Plural -nnar in mannar, valannar, q.v.

-on

name

-on gen.pl. ending (3O), in aldaron, aranion, elenion, Eldaron, #esseron, Ingweron, Istarion, Númevalion, Quendion, Silmarillion, Sindaron, tasarion (see Nan-Tasarion), Valion, wenderon, yénion. Normally the ending -on is added to the nominative plural, whether it ends in -i or -r, but some nouns in -ë that would have nominative plurals in -i seem to prefer the ending -ron in the genitive (hence #esseron as the gen. pl. of essë "name", though the nominative pl. is attested as essi and we might have expected the gen. pl. *ession; similarly wenderon, Ingweron).

Andúnië

sunset

Andúnië (apparently a variant form of andúnë) place-name, a city and port on the western coast of Númenor, said to mean "sunset". (Appendix A, Silm, UT:166, NDŪ/VT45:38)

Atan

the second folk

Atan pl. Atani noun "the Second Folk", an Elvish name of Mortal Men, the Second-born of Ilúvatar. Cf. also Núnatani (WJ:386), Hróatani (PE17:18), q.v. Atanalcar masc. name, "Man-glory" (UT:210, cf. alcar). Atanamir masc.name, "Edain-jewel"? (Appendix A). Atanatar masc. name, "Father of Men" (Appendix A), also common noun atanatar, pl. Atanatári, "Fathers of Men", a title that "properly belonged only to the leaders and chieftains of the peoples at the time of their entry into Beleriand" (PM:324, SA:atar)

Hróatani

eastern men

Hróatani noun *"Eastern Men" (PE17:18), as opposed to the Núnatani (Dúnedain, Westmen).

Núaran

west-king

Núaran noun "West-king"; Núaran Númenoren "West-king of Númenor"; changed (according to LR:71) to Núraran Númenen, *"West-king of the West" (all of this is "Qenya" with genitive in -n instead of -o, as in Tolkien's later Quenya) (LR:60)

Númen(n)órë

people of the west

Númen(n)órë noun "people of the west", confused with Númendor "land of the west" (SA:dôr); hence Númenor as the name of the great isle given to the Edain by the Valar (FS, LR:56); full form Númenórë (LR:47, SD:247, NDŪ); allative númenórenna "to Númenor" (LR:56)

Númendor

land of the west

Númendor noun "land of the west", confused with and replaced by Númen(n)órë "people of the west" (SA:dôr)

Númerrámar

west-wings

Númerrámar noun "West-wings", name of a ship (Númen + rámar, note assimilation nr > rr) (UT:175)

Númevalion

of the west-powers

Númevalion noun *"of the West-powers" (SD:290); cf. Valion

Núnatani

western men

Núnatani noun "Western Men" = Sindarin Dúnedain (WJ:386). Sg. #Núnatan "Dúnadan".

Turcil

númenórean

Turcil ("k")noun "Númenórean" (TUR), stem turcild- as in pl.turcildi (LR:47, 56; SD:246). Variant of Tarcil; see VT46:17.

andú-

going down, setting (of sun), west

andú-, - "going down, setting (of sun), west" (PE17:18), element underlying words like the following, and also núna (q.v.)

andúnië

place name. Sunset

A city in western Númenor, “so called because it faced the sunset” (S/261). It is andúnë “sunset” with the abstract-noun suffix -ië.

Conceptual Development: The name ᴹQ. Andúnie appeared in the earliest tales of Númenor, first as a name for Númenor itself (LR/14), but soon changing to the name of a major city of that land (LR/25). At one point Tolkien considered changing this name to ᴹQ. Undúnië, but he soon rejected the idea (SD/333, SD/340 note #2).

Quenya [LotRI/Andúnië; PMI/Andúnië; S/261; SA/andúnë; SI/Andúnië; UT/167; UTI/Andúnië] Group: Eldamo. Published by

andúnë

sunset, west, evening

andúnë noun "sunset, west, evening" (NDŪ, Markirya, SA), also in Namárië: Andúnë "West" (but the standard Quenya translation of "west" is Númen) (Nam, RGEO:66) Cf. andu- in Andúnië, Andúril.

núla

dark, occult, mysterious

núla ("ñ")adj. "dark, occult, mysterious" (PE17:125)

núlë

black arts, secrecy

núlë ("ñ")noun "black arts, secrecy" (PE17:125)

númeheru

lord of the west

#númeheru noun "Lord of the West" (númë + heru), attested in these inflected forms: 1) númeheruen "of [the] Lord of the West" (Manwë) (SD:290); this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en instead of -o as in LotR-style Quenya; 2) pl. númeheruvi "Lords-of-West" ("West-lords" = Valar) in SD:246.

númenya

western

númenya adj. "western" (NDŪ)

númenyaron

of the lords [valar] of the west

númenyaron inflected adj. used as noun?, a word occurring in a phrase from an earlier version of Fíriel's Song, Valion númenyaron, "of the Lords [Valar] of the West". But númenyaron cannot simply mean "of the West"; it seems to be the plural genitive of númenya "western", hence literally *"of the western (things, persons, realms)" or "of the Westerners".

númessier

they are in the west

númessier vb. "they are in the west", a construction occurring in Fíriel's Song, evidently núme(n)-ssë-ie-r "west-in-are-they"; the stative-verb suffix - is probably not valid in LotR-style Quenya (FS)

númëa

in the west

númëa adj. "in the West" (actually an adjective *"western", in Tolkien's later Quenya also númenya)(LT1:263)

nún

down below, underneath

nún 1) adv. "down below, underneath" (NŪ)

núra

deep

núra adj. "deep" (NŪ)

núro

servant

núro noun "servant" (NDŪ; in Etym as published in LR, the gloss is misread as "sunset"; see VT45:38)

núta-

set, sink

núta- vb. "set, sink" (of Sun or Moon) (NDŪ). In early "Qenya", the word was glossed "stoop, sink" (LT1:263)

nútil

under-point

nútil (nútill-, pl. nútilli given) noun "under-point", term used in children's play for "toe" (the counterpart of ortil, q.v.) (VT47:10)

ortil

up-point

ortil (ortill-, pl. ortilli given) noun "up-point", term used in children's play for "finger", the counterpart of nútil, q.v. (VT47:10)

tarcil

proper name. High Man, Númenórean

A term for the “high men”, those of Númenórean descent (LotR/1131). It is a compound of tar- “high” and a shortened form of Hildo “Man”.

Conceptual Development: In the early tales of Númenor from the 1930-40s, Tolkien used the term ᴹQ. Turkil “Great or Lordly Man” in the different versions of the Lament of Atalante (LR/47, SD/246). The initial element of this earlier term was derived from the root ᴹ√TUR “power, control, mastery, victory”, as indicated in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/TUR). The term ᴹQ. Tarkil also appeared in The Etymologies, and the two terms seemed to be equivalent (Ety/TĀ, TUR). In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, only the term ᴹQ. Tarkil appears (TI/8, 84; WR/310), so apparently Turkil became obsolete.

Quenya [LotR/1131; LotRI/Tarcil; PE17/018; PE17/101; PMI/Tarkil] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tillë

tip, point

tillë (pl. tilli given) noun "tip, point", used with reference to fingers and toes (VT47:10, 26); compare ortil, nútil, q.v.

andúnë

place name. The West

A name for the Uttermost West as a region, appearing in the Namárië poem (LotR/377). It is simply andúnë “sunset, west” used as a proper name.

Quenya [LotR/0377; MRI/Andúnë; PE17/064; RGEO/58] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nú-

prefix. going down, setting (of sun), west

Quenya [PE17/018; PE17/035; UT/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nútil

noun. under-point

númenor

Númenor

Númenor is a shortened form of the name Númenórë. The name is a compound of nūme-n "going down" (from the root √ndū, nū), sunset, West, and nōre "land, country".

Quenya [Tolkien Gateway] Published by

essë

noun. name

Quenya [LotR/1123; MR/216; MR/470; PM/339; UT/266; UTI/epessë; VT42/17; VT43/14; WJ/359] Group: Eldamo. Published by

núlë

noun. black arts, sorcery

Quenya [PE17/031; PE17/125] Group: Eldamo. Published by

númen

noun. west, direction or region of the sunset, occident, (lit.) going down

Quenya [Let/361; LotR/1123; PE17/016; PE17/018; PE17/064; PE17/125; SA/andúnë; SA/men; UT/305; UT/317; VT49/20; VT49/22] Group: Eldamo. Published by

núna

adjective. western

núta-

verb. to lower, to lower; [ᴹQ.] to set, sink (of Sun or Moon); [ᴱQ.] to stoop

undu

preposition/adverb. down, under, down, under, [ᴹQ.] beneath

Quenya [PE17/072; PE17/073; RGEO/59] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-duinë

suffix. (large) river

-nna

to

-n (1) dative ending, originating as a reduced form of - "to", related to the allative ending -nna (VT49:14). Attested in nin, men, ten, enyalien, Erun, airefëan, tárin, yondon (q.v.) and also added to the English name Elaine (Elainen) in a book dedication to Elaine Griffiths (VT49:40). The longer dative ending -na is also attested in connection with some pronouns, such as sena, téna, véna (q.v.), also in the noun mariéna from márië "goodness" (PE17:59). Pl. -in (as in hínin, see hína), partitive pl. -lin, dual -nt (Plotz). The preposition ana (#1) is said to be used "when purely dative formula is required" (PE17:147), perhaps meaning that it can replace the dative ending, e.g. *ana Eru instead of Erun for "to God". In some of Tolkiens earlier material, the ending -n (or -en) expressed genitive rather than dative, but he later decided that the genitive ending was to be -o (cf. such a revision as Yénië Valinóren becoming Yénië Valinórëo, MR:200).

Námo

judge

Námo (1) noun "Judge", name of a Vala, normally called Mandos, properly the place where he dwells (WJ:402)

Númenórea

adjective. [of Westernesse]

Quenya [PE 22:19] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

Pitya-naucor

petty-dwarves

Pitya-naucor pl. noun "Petty-dwarves" (sg. #Pitya-nauco, cf. nauco) Also Picinaucor (WJ:389)

Tindómisel

noun. nightingale

PQ. nightingale

Quenya [name of Thingol's dau. PE 19:33] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

a-

complete

a- (1) prefix occurring in the word Atalante, said to denote "complete". Probably just a prefixed stemvowel; cf. a root like ANÁR, said to be derived from NAR. (TALÁT)

aira

holy

aira (2) adj. "holy"; see airë #1

airë

holy

airë (1) adj. "holy", #Airefëa "the Holy Spirit" (VT43:37, dative airefëan on the previous page), airetári or Airë Tári "holy queen" (a title of Varda, PM:363), genitive aire-tário "holy-queen's" (Nam, RGEO:67). However, according to PM:363, airë is the noun "sanctity", while aira is the adjective "holy". VT43:14 refers to an etymological note of "Sept.-Oct. 1957" where airë is said to be a noun "sanctity, holiness", and the adjective "holy" is given as airëa. However, the verb #airita- "hallow" seems to be formed from an adjective airë, airi- "holy". Evidently airë can function as both adjective ("holy") and noun ("holiness"); if so airë as adj. could represent a primitive adjective gaisi, whereas airë as noun may descend from gaisē. The former but not the latter would have the stem airi- (as observed in the derived verb #airita-), and compounds like airetári (rather than *airitári) would seem to contain properly the noun "holiness".

airëa

holy

airëa adj. "holy"; see airë.

aista

holy

aista (1) adj. "holy" (VT43:37)

aista

adjective. *holy

ana

to

ana (1) prep. "to" (VT49:35), "as preposition _ana _is used when purely _dative formula is required" (PE17:147), perhaps meaning that the preposition ana can be used instead of the dative ending -n (#1, q.v.) Also as prefix: ana- "to, towards" (NĀ1); an (q.v.) is used with this meaning in one source (PE17:127)_

andú-

prefix. going down, setting (of sun), west

Quenya [PE17/018; PE17/035; UT/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

andúna

western

andúna adj. "western" (PE17:18)

andúna

adjective. western

andúne

noun. sunset

sunset

Quenya [PE 19:77] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

andúta

verb. lower

Quenya [PE 22:156] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

andúta-

verb. to lower

andúya

verb. descend

Quenya [PE 22:156] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

andúya-

verb. to descend

canya

adjective. wise

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

casar

noun. Dwarf

Quenya [PE17/045; WJ/388; WJI/Kasari; WJI/Khazâd] Group: Eldamo. Published by

cato

adverb. afterwards

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

caurëa

timid

caurëa _("k")_adj. "timid" (LT1:257)

cautáron

bent

cautáron ("k") adj.?"bent" (MC:216; this is "Qenya")

celusindi

river

celusindi _("k")_noun "river" (LT1:257; hardly a valid word in Tolkien's later Quenya, where the terms sírë and sirya appear instead)

cuvoite

adjective. hiding, secretive

Quenya [PE 22:155] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

cúna

bent, curved

cúna ("k") 1) adj. "bent, curved", from which is derived 2) cúna- vb. "bend", occurring with a- prefix (changed by Tolkien from a na-prefix) in Markirya. Here cúna- is intransitive; we do not know whether it can also be transitive "bend".

effírië

death

#effírië noun "death" (isolated from effíriemmo "of our death"). A verbal stem *effir- "expire, die" seems to be implied. (VT43:34)

effírië

noun. death

enar

adverb. tomorrow

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

entan

noun. tomorrow

enwa

tomorrow

enwa adv. "tomorrow" (QL:34)

esse

noun. name

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

essë

name

essë (1) noun "name", also later name of Tengwa #31, originally (MET) called árë (ázë). (Appendix E). With a pronominal ending esselya "thy name" (VT43:14). Pl. #essi in PM:339 and MR:470, gen.pl. #esseron "of names" in the compound Nómesseron (q.v.); we would rather have expected *ession, given the nom.pl. essi; perhaps #esser is a valid alternative plural form. Essecarmë noun "name-making" (MR:214, 470), Eldarin ceremony where the father announces the name of his child. Essecenta *("k") noun "Name-essay" (see centa) (MR:415); Essecilmë noun "name-choosing", an Eldarin ceremony where a child named him- or herself according to personal lámatyávë (q.v.) (MR:214, 471). The meaning Tolkien originally assigned to the word essë** in the Etymologies was "place" rather than "name" (VT45:12).

esta-

verb. name

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

fai; afea

adverb. before (of time)

Quenya [PE 22:147] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

fuine

noun. deep shadow

PQ. deep shadow, night shade

Quenya [PE 19:31] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

ham-

judge

#ham- (2) vb. "judge", attested in the aorist form hamil "you judge". (VT42:33; notice the pronominal ending -l "you". See nemë. The verb #ham- with the meaning "judge" may seem to be an ephemeral form in Tolkien's conception.)

hlóna

river, especially given to those at all seasons full of water from mountains

[hlóna (2) noun "a river, especially given to those at all seasons full of water from mountains" (VT48:27; the word is marked with a query and the note containing it rejected; it was apparently replaced by lón, q.v.)]

hróva

dark, dark brown

hróva adj. "dark, dark brown", used to refer to hair (PE17:154)

inca

idea

inca ("k")noun "idea" (VT45:18, where the word is cited with a final hyphen, though its gloss would indicate that it is a noun not a verb. Originally, the triple glosses "idea, notion, guess" were provided.)

isqua

wise

isqua ("q") adj. "wise" (LT2:339).

istima

adjective. wise, knowledgeable, v.well informed

Quenya [PE 22:156] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

iswa

wise

iswa adj. "wise" (LT2:339); rather saila in Tolkiens later Quenya.

li(n)-

prefix. many

Quenya [PE17/081; VT42/18; VT48/32] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lie#

noun. race

race

Quenya [PE 18:71] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

limbë

many

limbë (2) adj. "many", probably obsoleted by #1 above (LT2:342)

lin-

many

lin- (1) (prefix) "many" (LI), seen in lindornëa, lintyulussëa; assimilated lil- in lillassëa.

linqui

wet

linqui ("q")adj. "wet" (MC:216; Tolkien's later Quenya has linquë.)

linquë

wet

linquë ("q") (1) adj. "wet" _(LINKWI). In early "Qenya", this word was glossed "water" (LT1:262)_, and "wet" was linqui or liquin, q.v.

liquin

wet

liquin ("q")adj. "wet" (LT1:262; Tolkien's later Quenya has linquë.)

locin

adjective. bent

lom-

hide

lom- vb. "hide" (LT1:255; given in the form lomir "I hide"; read *lomin if the word is to be adapted to LotR-style Quenya.)

lomba

secret

lomba adj.or noun "secret" (LT1:255)

luvu-

lower, brood

luvu- vb. "lower, brood" (LT1:259)

lún

deep

lún adj.??? a word of obscure meaning, perhaps "deep" as used of water (VT48:28)

lúna

dark

lúna adj. *"dark" in Lúnaturco and Taras Lúna, Quenya names of Barad-dûr (Dark Tower). (PE17:22). In the Etymologies, lúnë "blue" was changed by Tolkien from lúna (VT45:29).

lúrëa

dark, overcast

lúrëa adj. "dark, overcast" (LT1:259)

lúto

flood

lúto noun "flood" (LT1:249)

missë

wet, damp, rain

[missë] adj.ornoun "wet, damp, rain" (VT45:35)

mixa

wet

mixa ("ks")adj. "wet" (MISK); later sources have néna, nenya

mordo

shadow, obscurity, stain

mordo (1) noun "shadow, obscurity, stain" (MOR)

morilindë

nightingale

morilindë noun "nightingale" (MOR)

morna

dark, black

morna adj. "dark, black" (Letters:282, LT1:261; also used of black hair, PE17:154), or "gloomy, sombre" (MOR). Used as noun in the phrase mi…morna of someone clad "in…black" (PE17:71). In tumbalemorna (Letters:282), q.v. Pl. mornë in Markirya**(the first version of this poem had "green rocks", MC:215, changed to ondolisse mornë** "upon dark rocks" in the final version; see MC:220, note 8).

morĭ

adjective. dark

PQ. dark

Quenya [PE 19:81] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

móri

dark

móri adj. "dark" (MC:221; this is "Qenya"; in Tolkien's later Quenya mórë, morë)

na

to, towards

na (2) prep. "to, towards", possibly obsoleted by #1 above; for clarity writers may use the synonym ana instead (NĀ1). Originally, Tolkien glossed na as "at, by, near"; the new meaning entered together with the synonyms an, ana (VT45:36).

naina-

lament

naina- vb. "lament" (NAY), also reduplicated nainaina- (VT45:37). Gerund nainië, "lament" as a noun (RGEO:66)

nainië

noun. lament, lament, *lamentation

nairë

lament

nairë noun "lament" (NAY)

nam-

judge

#nam- vb. "judge", attested in the 1st person aorist: namin "I judge" (VT41:13). Compare Námo.

nauco

noun. dwarf

Quenya [PE17/045; WJ/388; WJI/Nauko] Group: Eldamo. Published by

naucon

noun. Dwarf

nav-

judge

#nav- vb. "judge" (cited in the form navë, apparently the 3rd person aorist). Also given with pronominal suffixes: navin *"I judge" (Tolkien's free translation: "I think"), navilwë "we judge" (VT42:33, 4, VT48:11)

naxa

noun. bond

bond, fetter

Quenya [PE 19:101] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

ne

scent

ne (1) noun (or root?) "scent" (PE17:100)

nem-

judge

[#nem- vb. "judge", attested as endingless aorist nemë, changed by Tolkien to hamë and finally to navë "in all but one case" (Bill Welden). Forms like námo "judge" and namna "statute" point rather to #nam- (q.v.) as a verb "to judge" (VT42:34); the verb namin "I judge" is even listed in Etym.]

nen

river

nen noun "river" (LT1:248), "river, water" (LT1:262) (In Tolkien's later Quenya, nén with a long vowel means "water", but hardly "river" - that is sírë.)

nenda

adjective. wet

Quenya [PE17/052; PE17/167] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nenya

wet

nenya adj. "wet" (PE17:52), also néna, q.v. Nenya as the name of a Ring of Power seems to imply *"(thing) related to water", since this Ring was associated with that element (SA:nen).

nenya

adjective. wet

neuro

follower, successor

neuro noun "follower, successor" (NDEW)

ninda

adjective. wet

nion

bee

nion noun "bee" (GL:60)

noi

lament

noi noun "lament" (NAY)

norië

race, running

norië, also normë, noun "race, running" (PE17:169)

norno

noun. Dwarf

A word for a Dwarf (WJ/388), a personalized form of the adjective norna “stiff, tough” (WJ/413), patterned after S. dorn.

Quenya [WJ/388; WJ/413; WJI/Norno] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nyarna

tale, saga

nyarna noun "tale, saga" (NAR2), compounded in nyarmamaitar noun "storyteller" (PE17:163), literally *"tale-artist" (see maitar).

nyárë

tale, saga, history

nyárë noun "tale, saga, history". Compounded in Eldanyárë "History of the Elves", lumenyárë "history, chronological account" (NAR2, LR:199). Compare nyarië, nyarna.

nyéna-

lament

nyéna- vb. "lament" (LT1:262). Compare naina- in Tolkiens later Quenya.

is

(1) vb. "is" (am). (Nam, RGEO:67). This is the copula used to join adjectives, nouns or pronouns "in statements (or wishes) asserting (or desiring) a thing to have certain quality, or to be the same as another" (VT49:28). Also in impersonal constructions: ringa ná "it is cold" (VT49:23). The copula may however be omitted "where the meaning is clear" without it (VT49:9). is also used as an interjection "yes" or "it is so" (VT49:28). Short na in airë [] na, "[] is holy" (VT43:14; some subject can evidently be inserted in the place of [].) Short na also functions as imperative: alcar mi tarmenel na Erun "glory in high heaven be to God" (VT44:32/34), also na airë "be holy" (VT43:14); also cf. nai "be it that" (see nai #1). The imperative participle á may be prefixed (á na, PE17:58). However, VT49:28 cites as the imperative form. Pl. nar or nár "are" (PE15:36, VT49:27, 9, 30); dual nát (VT49:30). With pronominal endings: nányë/nanyë "I am", nalyë or natyë "you (sg.) are" (polite and familiar, respectively), nás "it is", násë "(s)he is", nalmë "we are" (VT49:27, 30). Some forms listed in VT49:27 are perhaps to be taken as representing the aorist: nain, naityë, nailyë (1st person sg, and 2nd person familiar/polite, respectively); does a following na represent the aorist with no pronominal ending? However, the forms nanyë, nalyë, , nassë, nalme, nar (changed from nár) are elsewhere said to be "aorist", without the extra vowel i (e.g. nalyë rather than nailyë); also notice that *"(s)he is" is here nassë rather than násë (VT49:30).Pa.t. nánë or "was", pl. náner/nér and dual nét "were" (VT49:6, 9, 10, 27, 28, 30, 36). According to VT49:31, "was" cannot receive pronominal endings (though nésë "he was" is attested elsewhere, VT49:28-29), and such endings are rather added to the form ane-, e.g. anen "I was", anel "you were", anes "(s)he/it was" (VT49:28-29). Future tense nauva "will be" (VT42:34, VT49:19, 27; another version however gives the future tense as uva, VT49:30). Nauva with a pronominal ending occurs in tanomë nauvan "I will be there" (VT49:19), this example indicating that forms of the verb may also be used to indicate position. Perfect anaië "has been" (VT49:27, first written as anáyë). Infinitive (or gerund) návë "being", PE17:68. See also nai #1.

námo

noun. judge

néna

wet

néna adj. "wet" (PE17:167). Cf. nenya, mixa.

néna

adjective. wet

beneath, not touching, under

(3) prep. "beneath, not touching, under" (PE17:95)

nóla

wise, learned

nóla ("ñ") (1) adj. "wise, learned" (ÑGOL) (note that this and the next nóla would be spelt differently in Tengwar writing, and originally they were also pronounced differently, since nóla "wise, learned" was ñóla in First Age Quenya).

nóna

adjective. born

An adjective meaning “born” in the name for Men: Apanónar “After-born” (WJ/387), also appearing as an element in several other words like Minnónar “First-born” (WJ/403) and onóna “twin-born, (lit.) ✱together-born” (WJ/367).

núla

adjective. dark, occult, mysterious

núla

preposition. under [beyond]

númen

noun/adjective. westward

Quenya [PE 22:126] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

númë

noun. west

núta

verb. lower

Quenya [PE 22:156] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

nútaite

adjective. ?lowering (naturally), degrading

nútima

adjective. *lowerable

núya-

verb. descend

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núya-

verb. to descend

Quenya [PE22/156; PE22/163] Group: Eldamo. Published by

opto

noun. back

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ortil

noun. up-point

parna

bare

parna adj. "bare" (PE17:86), also with variant form parnë (PE17:171)

parna

adjective. bare

passa

smooth, glabrous

passa adj. "smooth, glabrous" (PE17:171)

pasta

smooth

pasta (2) adj. "smooth" (PATH), variant of passa

pontë

back, rear

pontë (ponti-) noun "back, rear" (QL:75)

pusta

stop

pusta (1) noun "stop", in punctuation full stop (PUS). Compare putta.

putta

stop

putta noun "stop" (in punctuation) _(PUT; see PUS). _According to VT46:10, a dot under a letter is intended, possibly indicating that the consonant is not followed by a vowel; cf. VT46:33 and see VT49:38, 40 regarding an actual example of such punctuation in a Tengwar sample.

quenta

tale

quenta ("q")noun "tale" (KWET), "narrative, story" (VT39:16); Quenta Silmarillion "the Story/Tale of the Silmarils", also Quenta Eldalien "History of the Elves" (SD:303), notice "Qenya" genitive in -n in the latter title. Quenta is also translated "account", as in Valaquenta "Account of the Valar".

runda

smooth, polished

runda (1) adj. "smooth, polished" (PE17:89)

saila

wise

#saila adj. "wise" (isolated from alasaila [q.v.] "unwise" in a late source)

saila

adjective. wise

saira

wise

saira adj. "wise" (SAY, VT46:12; a later source has the alternative formation #saila as above)

sanar

mind

sanar noun "mind" (literally "thinker" or "reflector", suggesting an underlying verb #sana- "to think, to reflect") (VT41:13)

sanda

name

[sanda, sandë] (þ) (2) noun "name" (VT46:16)

sanya

name

[sanya] (þ) (2) noun ?"name" (reading of gloss uncertain, VT46:16)

senna

short

senna (þ, cf. older form thenna) adj. "short" (PE17:185). This is a later (TLT) variant of sinta.

senna

adjective. short

Quenya [PE17/141; PE17/185] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sindi

river

sindi noun "river" (LT1:265; rather sírë in LotR-style Quenya)

sinta

short

sinta (þ) (1) adj. "short" (STINTĀ). Cf. senna #2.

sirya

river

#sirya noun "river", attested in the dual form siryat (VT47:11). Compare sírë.

sulca

root

sulca ("k") noun "root" (especially as edible) (SÚLUK)

sáma

mind

sáma noun "mind" (pl. sámar and dual samat [sic, read *sámat?] are given) (VT39:23, VT41:5, VT49:33, PE17:183)

sáma

noun. mind

Quenya [PE17/183; VT39/23; VT39/30; VT41/05] Group: Eldamo. Published by

síma

mind, imagination

síma noun "mind, imagination" (VT49:16); variant isima. Also attested with endings: símaryassen "in their imaginations" (with the ending -rya used = "their" rather than "his/her", according to colloquial useage) (VT49:16)

sír

river

sír noun "river", shorter form of sirë (PE17:65, VT49:17)

sír(ë)

noun. river, river, [ᴱQ.] stream

The most common Quenya word for “river”, derived from the root √SIR “flow”.

Conceptual Development: This word first appeared as ᴱQ. sīre “stream” as a derivative of ᴱ√SIŘI [SIÐI] (QL/84), and this form and gloss also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/84). The form ᴹQ. siri- “river” appeared in the Declension of Nouns (DN) from the early 1930s, along with uninflected sire with short i and various inflected forms with siry- (PE21/10). The form sīre “river” with long ī appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of ᴹ√SIR “flow” (Ety/SIR; EtyAC/SIR). In several notes from the mid-1960s, it appeared in monosyllabic form sír (PE17/65) or sīr (VT49/17), but it had dual form siryat from the late 1960s implying a stem form of sirĭ- and a development similar to that of DN from the early 1930s (VT47/11).

Neo-Eldarin: Its form síre is probably better known and more commonly used in Neo-Quenya. For example this is the typical form in Helge Fauskanger’s NQNT (NQNT).

Quenya [PE17/065; VT47/11; VT49/17] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sírë

river

sírë noun "river" (SIR, VT46:13), "stream" (LT1:265). Also short form sír, q.v.Compare #sirya.

tap-

stop, block

tap- vb. "stop, block" (the form tapë given in the Etymologies is translated "he stops, blocks", evidently the 3rd person sg. aorist. In Etym as printed in LR, a was misprinted as á, cf. VT46:17). Pa.t. tampë (TAP)

tindómerel

noun. nightingale

TQ. nightingale

Quenya [PE 19:73] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

tindómizel

noun. nightingale

PQ. nightingale

Quenya [PE 19:73] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

tulya-

lead

tulya- vb. "lead" (+ allative: lead into) (VT43:22)

tuo

muscle, sinew, vigour, physical strength

tuo noun "muscle, sinew, vigour, physical strength" (TUG)

tára

wise

tára (2) ?"wise". (From tentative notes trying to explain Daur [unlenited *Taur] as Sindarin name of Frodo; the more normal word for "wise" seems to be saila/saira.)

tára

adjective. wise

ulca

adjective. dark

dark, gloomy, sinister

Quenya [PE 18:88] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

undu

down

Quenya [PE 22:163] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

urnótima

difficult to count

urnótima adj. Unglossed, apparently *"difficult to count" (PE17:172)

urtu

noun. death

voronwë

steadfastness, loyalty, faithfulness

voronwë noun "steadfastness, loyalty, faithfulness" (CO), also as masc. name Voronwë "the Faithful" (PM:340, BORÓN, LT1:250)

vérë

bond, troth, compact, oath

vérë (1) noun "bond, troth, compact, oath" (WED)

wet

wet

wet, see we #2

yarra-

growl, snarl

yarra- noun "growl, snarl" (stem used as participle in Markirya, translated "snarling")

ye

is

ye (2) copula "is" (FS, VT46:22); both earlier and later sources rather point to (q.v.) as the copula "is", so ye may have been an experiment Tolkien later abandoned. Future tense yéva, q.v.

ñol-

smell

ñol- noun "smell" (VT45:5); strengthened aññol, q.v. Possibly ñol- should be regarded as simply the root underlying olmë, q.v.

úyë

is

úyë vb., a form occurring in Fíriel's Song (cf. VT46:22), apparently ye "is" with the negative prefix ú-, hence "is not" (úyë sérë indo-ninya símen, translated "my hearth resteth not here", literally evidently *"[there] is not rest [for] my heart here")

catta

noun. back

A neologism for “back” coined by Paul Strack in 2022 specifically for Eldamo, based on Q. ca(ta) “behind, at back of place”. This word can refer to the back of body as well as the back of other things.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

enar

noun. tomorrow

ettirno

noun. spy

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

hempa

noun. cord

lemba

adjective. sad

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

lina

adjective. many

A neologism for the adjective “many” derived from the root √LI, typically appearing in its plural form linë. Like English, it has the sense “many but not all, a majority (of)”: compare with nótima which can be used with the “some”. Early versions of this lexicon recommended using ᴱQ. lia, but that word’s plural form collides with Q. lië “people”.

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núlemo

noun. (evil) sorceror, black magician

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núrie

noun. depth (abstract)

@@@ Discord 2022-06-09 cf. tárie "height"

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núromolië

noun. ministry, (lit.) servant-labour

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núrë

noun. maid servant, servant-woman

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veuya-

verb. to serve

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vev-

verb. to serve

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yur-

verb. to run

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