Sindarin 

dorn

adjective. stiff, tough

Sindarin [WJ/413] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dorn

Dorn

pl1. Dyrn dwarf.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:181] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

dorn

adjective. tough, stiff, thrawn, obdurate

Cognates

  • Q. norna “tough, stiff; hard, firm, resistant; thrawn, obdurate” ✧ PE17/181; WJ/413
  • Q. Norno “Dwarf” ✧ WJ/388

Derivations

  • DOR “hard, tough, dried up, unyielding” ✧ PE17/181; WJ/413

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
DOR > Dorn[dorna] > [dorn]✧ PE17/181
DOR > Dyrn[dornī] > [dorni] > [durni] > [dyrni] > [dyrn]✧ PE17/181
DORO > dorn[dorna] > [dorn]✧ WJ/413

Variations

  • Dorn ✧ PE17/181
Sindarin [PE17/181; WJ/388; WJ/408; WJ/413; WJI/Dornhoth] Group: Eldamo. Published by

dern

tough

_ adj. _tough. >> dír-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:154] < DER. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

dír-

prefix. tough

_ pref. _tough. >> dern, dirbedui

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:154] < DER. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

nordh

oak

{ð}_n. Bot._oak. A tree of the orn kind. Q. nordo. >> galadh, orn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:25] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

nordh

noun. oak

A word for “oak” in notes from the late 1950s or early 1960s (PE17/25). See the entry N. doron for earlier forms of the word.

Cognates

  • Q. nordo “oak” ✧ PE17/025

Variations

  • norð ✧ PE17/025
Sindarin [PE17/025] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hadhu

noun. seat, seat, *chair

A word appearing as haðw “seat” in Late Notes on Verb Structure from 1969 derived from primitive ✶khadmā (PE22/148). In more typical Sindarin orthography it would be hadhu. Based on earlier versions of this word, it may mean “✱chair” as well (see below).

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. dorn “seat” (GL/19), clearly based on the early root ᴱ√ÐORO “sit” (QL/85). In Early Noldorin Word-lists this became ᴱN. {hód >>} haud “seat” (PE13/147).

A draft entry to The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. hand “seat” and N. hanw “chair” derived from the root ᴹ√KHAD (EtyAC/KHAM). Tolkien updated this root form to ᴹ√KHAM “sit” with a noun form N. ham or hanw, with a hard-to-read gloss that was probably “?chair” (Ety/KHAM; EtyAC/KHAM). Tolkien then created yet another root ᴹ√KHAM “call to, summon”, saying that “KHAM sit (replacing KHAD, cancelled)”, so apparently the root for “sit” reverted back to KHAD. This is supported by the 1969 “seat” word haðw seen above.

Cognates

  • Q. hanwa “seat, seat, *chair”

Derivations

Element in

  • S. arahadhw “throne, (lit.) high seat” ✧ PE22/148

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
khadmā > chaðw > haðw[kʰadmā] > [kʰadma] > [xadma] > [xaðma] > [xaðm] > [haðm] > [haðv] > [haðw] > [haðu]✧ PE22/148

Variations

  • haðw ✧ PE22/148
Sindarin [PE22/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tarch

adjective. stiff, tough

Sindarin [tarch-lang RC/536] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dorn

stiff

1) dorn (tough), lenited dhorn, pl. dyrn; 2) tharn (sapless, rigid, withered), pl. thern.

dorn

stiff

(tough), lenited dhorn, pl. dyrn

dorn

tough

1) dorn (tough), lenited dhorn, pl. dyrn; 2) tara (also tar- as first element of compounds) (stiff), lenited dara. The historically correct pl. would be teiri; if analogy prevailed, it might be altered to terai.

dorn

tough

(tough), lenited dhorn, pl. dyrn

tharn

stiff

(sapless, rigid, withered), pl. thern.

tarlanc

stiff-necked

(obstinate), lenited darlanc, pl. terlainc.

tara

tough

(also tar- as first element of compounds) (stiff), lenited dara. The historically correct pl. would be teiri; if analogy prevailed, it might be altered to terai.

tarias

stiffness

(i darias, o tharias) (toughness, difficulty), pl. teriais (i theriais) if there is a pl.