The husband of the ruling queen Tar-Vanimeldë, the third ruling queen of Númenor; after her death, he briefly (and illegally) kept the throne from his son Tar-Alcarin (UT/222). His name seems to be a combination of heru “lord” and cala “light” with the agental suffix -mo.
Quenya
heru
lord, master
heru
noun. lord, master
herucalmo
masculine name. Herucalmo
herumor
masculine name. *Black Lord
herunúmen
masculine name. Lord of the West
Tar-Herunúmen was the (somewhat heretical) Quenya name of the 20th ruler of Númenor, more commonly known by his Adûnaic name Ad. Ar-Adûnakhôr (S/267). His name is a compound of heru “lord” and númen “west”.
Conceptual Development: In the unfinished stories “The Lost Road” and “Notion Club Papers” from the 1930s and 40s, Tolkien used the term ᴹQ. Herunúmen to refer to the Valar as Lords of the West (LR/47, SD/310). Its use as a name of Adûnakhôr did not occur until The Lord of the Rings appendices were written (PM/164, note #11).
heru órava omessë
Lord, have mercy on us
The first line of Tolkien’s Quenya translation of the Litany of Loreto prayer (VT44/12). The first word is the noun heru “lord” followed by the aorist form of the verb órava- “to have mercy”. The last word omessë “on us” is the locative form (-ssë “on”) of the pronoun me “us”. The significance of the prefix o- is unclear, but Wynne, Smith and Hostetter suggested that it might be the preposition ó (VT44/15), though its translation elsewhere as “with” (VT43/29) does not seem appropriate. It could instead be the prefix o- “together”, though this does not fit well either. In later lines, Tolkien wrote (o)messë indicating the prefix was optional.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> Heru órava (o)me-ssë = “✱Lord have-mercy us-on”
Conceptual Development: Tolkien explored several ways of expressing “have mercy”. He first wrote a le·ana ocama, apparently meaning “(imperative) you give mercy”, with ocama a noun meaning “mercy” (VT44/12-13). He revised this to simply ocama >> ócama, apparently changing ocama to a verb meaning “to have mercy” (VT44/13). He then changed this verb to órava (VT44/14).
Tolkien also used several forms to express “on us”: dative men >> ómen >> (locative) ómesse.
heru-
to rule
heru- vb. "to rule" (LT1:272; rather tur- in LotR-style Quenya)
heru imillion
proper name. Lord of the Rings
hér
lord
hér noun "lord" (VT41:9), also heru, q.v.
heri
lady
heri noun "lady" (KHER, LT1:272)
heri
noun. lady
hér
noun. lord
veru
husband
veru (1) noun "husband" (VT49:45). An earlier source gives the word for "husband" as venno.
veru
noun. husband
The most common word for “husband” in Quenya (VT49/45).
Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s where ᴱQ. veru “husband” appeared as a derivative of the early root ᴱ√VEŘE [VEÐE] (QL/101). In the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s the word for “husband” appeared as ᴱQ. vero, but this form was marked as archaic (†) and became in normal speech the longer word ᴱQ. veruner (PE15/74). In Early Noldorin Word-lists and notes on the Valmaric Script from the 1920s the word was still veru (PE13/146; PE14/112), and in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s Tolkien gave ᴹQ. veru “husband” as an example of a ū-declension (PE21/15).
In The Etymologies of the 1930s, however, Tolkien gave a different form ᴹQ. venno for “husband” while ᴹQ. veru was a dual form meaning “husband and wife, married pair”, both derived from the root ᴹ√BES “wed” (Ety/BES). The nn in venno is because it was derived from primitive ᴹ✶besnō and sn > zn > nn in Quenya (PE19/49). In a 1969 note, Tolkien restored Q. veru for “husband”, deriving it instead from a root √BER “to mate, be mated, joined in marriage” (VT49/45).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I prefer to retain the 1930s root ᴹ√BES for marriage words in order to preserve Noldorin/Sindarin forms, but I would still use the well-established veru for “husband”, just conceived of as a derivative of the root √BES, coming from ✱besū with intervocalic s > z > r.
númeheru
lord of the west
#númeheru noun "Lord of the West" (númë + heru), attested in these inflected forms: 1) númeheruen "of [the] Lord of the West" (Manwë) (SD:290); this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en instead of -o as in LotR-style Quenya; 2) pl. númeheruvi "Lords-of-West" ("West-lords" = Valar) in SD:246.
heru
heru
Herucalmo
Herucalmo
Herucalmo means "Lord of Light" in Quenya (from heru, 'lord', cala, 'light', and the masculine agentive suffix -mo).
herumor
Herumor
Herumor means "Black Lord" in Quenya (from heru = "lord" and morë = "dark").
heru-
verb. to lord it over, be master of, own, [ᴱQ.] rule
herunauco
9V7J5.DaH noun. dwarf-lord, dwarven lord
herulatsë
noun. estate, domain
Malantur
lord, ruler
Malantur, masc. name. Apparently includes -(n)tur "lord, ruler". The initial element is unlikely to connect with the early "Qenya" element mala- "hurt, pain", and may rather reflect the root MALAT "gold" (PM:366): Malat-ntur > Malantur "Gold-ruler"? (UT:210)
condo
noun. lord
cunta-
verb. to rule
cunya-
verb. to rule
quimellë
lady
quimellë noun "lady" (GL:45)
túrin
noun. lord
vala-
to rule
vala- (2) vb. "to rule", only with reference to the Valar (see Vala). Future tense valuva is attested (WJ:404)
venno
husband
venno noun "husband" (cited as **verno_ in the Etymologies as printed in LR, entry BES, but according to VT45:7, this is a misreading of Tolkien's manuscript)_. In a later source, the word for "husband" is given as veru, q.v.
verno
husband
**verno noun "husband", misreading for venno, q.v. (BES)
heru (also hér) noun "lord, master" (PM:210, KHER, LT1:272, VT44:12); Letters:283 gives hér (heru); the form Héru with a long vowel refers to God in the source where it appears (i Héru "the Lord", VT43:29). In names like Herumor "Black Lord" and Herunúmen "Lord of the West" (SA:heru). The form heruion is evidently a gen.pl. of heru "lord": "of the lords" (SD:290); herunúmen "Lord-of-West" (LR:47), title of Manwë. Pl. númeheruvi "Lords-of-West" (*"West-lords") in SD:246, a title of the Valar; does this form suggest that #heruvi is the regular plural of heru?