il

adjective. *all

Cognates

• Q. il- “every, *all”

Derivations

• √IL “all”

Element in

• S. ilaurui “*daily” ✧ VT44/28
• ᴺS. ilhad “everywhere”
• ᴺS. ilnad “everything”
• ᴺS. ilphen “everyone”
• S. sí il chem en i Naugrim en ir Ellath thor den ammen “*now all (?hands) of the Dwarves and Elves will be (?against) to us” ✧ VT50/22

Variations

• il- ✧ VT44/28 (il-)

na-

verb. to be

Changes

• dôd → dád ✧ VT44/22
• dád → hae ✧ VT44/22
• hae → no ✧ VT44/24

Cognates

• Q. ná- “to be, to be, [ᴱQ.] exist”

Derivations

• √NĀ “be (the same as another), exist”

Element in

• S. no aer i eneth lín “hallowed be thy name” ✧ VT44/24
• ᴺS. novaer “goodbye, farewell, (lit.) be well”
• ᴺS. navaer “farewell, (lit.) be well”
• S. sí il chem en i Naugrim en ir Ellath thor den ammen “*now all (?hands) of the Dwarves and Elves will be (?against) to us” ✧ VT50/23

Variations

• dôd ✧ VT44/22 (dôd)
• dád ✧ VT44/22 (dád)
• hae ✧ VT44/22 (hae)

pân

adjective. all, all, *complete, entire, full, the whole

@@@ extended meaning suggested on Discord 2022-03-11

Cognates

• ᴺQ. qua(na) “all, complete, entire, full, the whole”

Derivations

• √KWA “complete, full, whole, all, every, complete, full, whole, all, every; [ᴹ√] something”

Element in

• S. ar e aníra ennas suilannad mhellyn în phain “and he desires to greet there all his friends” ✧ AotM/062; SD/129

al-

prefix. no, not

Cognates

• Q. al(a)- “in-, un-, not; †-less, without”

Derivations

• √LA “no, not; negative; not to be”

Element in

• S. alfirin “immortal, (lit.) not dying; a species of flower” ✧ PE17/101
• ᴺS. alhad “nowhere”
• ᴺS. allu “never”
• ᴺS. alnad “nothing”
• ᴺS. alphen “no one, nobody”
• ᴺS. alben “no one”

Variations

• al- ✧ PE17/101

baw

interjection. no, don't!

pân

adjective. all, in totality

As no other word beginning in ph- is attested, it is assumed that a nasal mutation is triggered by the pronoun în.1 , hence the form observed in the "King's Letter"

ú

prefix. no, not (negative prefix or particle)

û

interjection. no

adv. or interj. no, not (of fact).

û

adverb/interjection. no, not, no, not, [G.] nor

Derivations

• ✶ū “primitive negative interjection” ✧ PE17/144
  • √Ū “denial of fact, privation, negative element, denial of fact, privation, negative element, [ᴱ√] not” ✧ PE17/143

Element in

• S. ú- “no, not, negative; impossible, no, not, negative; impossible; [N.] bad-” ✧ PE17/144

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ū > û	[ū]	✧ PE17/144

baw!

no

! (interjection expressing refusal or prohibition, not denying facts) baw! (dont!) Prefix

baw!

no

(don’t!) Prefix

gú

no, not

also ú

gú

no, not

gú-, also ú-

pân

all

(adj.) *pân, pl. pain (only attested in mutated pl. form phain, SD:128-31). Not to be confused with the noun pân ”plank”.

pân

all

pl. pain (only attested in mutated pl. form phain, SD:128-31). Not to be confused with the noun pân ”plank”.