thonador

place name. Thonador

An old place name (VT42/4), perhaps an archaic variant of Dorthonion, apparently of a combination of old-genitive form thona of thôn “pine” and dôr “land”.

tho-

verb. *will be

A possible future form “✱will be” appearing in the so-called “Túrin Wrapper” from the late 1950s for the verb na- “is”; see that entry for discussion.

Conceptual Development: There was a similar verb ᴱN. tha- “to make, cause to be” in Early Noldorin Word-lists derived from primitive ᴱ✶s’ta- (PE13/153). The later verb[?] tho- “will be” could be related, but was more likely inspired by the Sindarin future suffix -ath, which was based on primitive ✶thā “then, next” in notes from the late 1940s and early 1950s (PE22/97, 131). In Sindarin phonetic development, ✱thā would become tho in an unstressed position; compare imperative no “be!” (VT44/24) clearly derived from primitive ✶nā.

thoron

noun. eagle

The Sindarin word for “eagle”, derived from ✶thoronō̆ (Let/427, PE23/141). In notes from 1969 Tolkien gave its plural form as theryn (PE23/139).

Possible Etymology: The form of this word is difficult to explain if it is derived from primitive ✶thoron(ŏ). Since final nasals vanished after vowels, in the ordinary phonetic development of Sindarin it should have become thôr, a form that did appear as variant in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/THOR, KIRIS). Tolkien himself suggested that the (Noldorin) word was a back-formation from the archaic genitive ON. thoronen (Ety/THOR). While this specific genitive form did not survive in (Old) Sindarin, there are plenty of other mechanisms that might result in such a back-formation in Sindarin. For example, David Salo suggested that it could be a back-formation from its plural theryn (GS/291), perhaps also influenced by ancient names where it still appeared, such as Thorondor “King of Eagles”.

A simpler explanation is that the primitive form is actual thoronō, as for example on PE23/141.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s this word appeared as G. thorn (GL/73), which was also the usual form in names of this period. In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s it reappeared as ᴱN. thorn (PE13/154), but in The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared as N. thoron beside the variant thôr as noted above (Ety/THOR, KIRIS). The names of this period also began to reflect this change, and names after the 1940s consistently show thoron, though the form þorn did appear at least once in later notes (PE22/159).

thorondir

masculine name. *Eagle-man

22nd ruling steward of Gondor (LotR/1039), apparently of a combination of thoron “eagle” and dîr “man”.

thorondor

masculine name. King of Eagles

The King of the Eagles (S/110), his name is a combination of thoron “eagle” and the suffix -dor “king” (SA/thoron, Let/427).

Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales, this character was named Thorndor “King of Eagles” (LT2/192), a form that also appeared in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (SM/34, 102; LR/126). The form Thorondor first appeared as a late change in the Lays of Beleriand from the 1920s (LB/292), and this new form gradually supplanted the old one in the Silmarillion drafts (LR/145, 256). N. Thorondor was the only form to appear in The Etymologies, where it was translated “King of Eagles” and given the derivation described above (Ety/THOR).

thorongil

proper name. Eagle of the Star

A name adopted by Aragorn when he travelled secretly within Gondor (LotR/1055) translated “Eagle of the Star” (UTI/Thorongil), a combination of thoron “eagle” (Let/427) and gil “star”.

thond

noun. root, root, [N.] base; root-word

A noun in The Lord of the Rings Appendix E glossed “root”, given as an examples of how “nd remained at the end of fully accented monosyllables” (LotR/1115). It was an element in the river-name S. Morthond “Black Root” (LotR/770), so named “because its source was in the dark caverns of the Dead Men” (RC/766). As such this word refers to things that are the root or base of something, not just plant roots.

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. sunn and sonnas as cognates to ᴹQ. sundo “base, root, root-word” under ᴹ√SUD “base, ground” (Ety/SUD; EtyAC/SUD). These Noldorin forms were revised to N. thund/thonn and N. thonnas while the root was revised to ᴹ√STUD (EtyAC/SUD). The Etymologies also had N. dum “root, foundation” derived from {ᴹ√(N)DUM >>} ᴹ√(N)DUB “lay base, foundation, root; found”, but this entry was deleted (EtyAC/NDUB).

Possible Etymology: This words seems to be a counterexample to the general rule that short u was preserved before nasals]]: compare it to S. mund “bull” and N. lhunt “boat” where the u remained unchanged. The Quenya cognate of this word is typically Q. sundo, so a-affection]] cannot be used to explain the shift of u to o. However in one place Tolkien gave the Quenya form as sunda in Tarmasundar “Roots of the Pillar” (UT/166), so perhaps the Sindarin form was derived from a variant primitive form ✱stundā.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would assume thond refers only to an ordinary base or root, and more abstract [N.] thonnas refers to things like root-words or a “✱foundation”.

thoniel

adjective. kindler (in the past)

An element in the name Gilthoniel “Star-kindler” which Tolkien explained as “an archaic perfect participle/adjective of √THAN, kindle” in a 1955 letter to David Masson (PE17/82).

Neo-Sindarin: This perfect participle implies the existence of a verb ✱than- “to kindle”, but since Tolkien said the participle was archaic, the verb may be as well, and it is probably better to use attested [N.] nartha- for “kindle” in Neo-Sindarin.

Thorondor

noun. eagle lord

thoron (“eagle”) + taur (“king”)

Thorongil

noun. eagle of star

thoron (“eagle”) + gîl (“star, bright spark”)

thoniel

verb. archaic perfect participle/adjective

_ v. _archaic perfect participle/adjective. >> Gilthoniel

thorn

adjective. steadfast

adj. steadfast. Q. thorna, sorna. >> Arathorn

thos

noun. fear

_ n. _fear. O.Q. þosse. >> di'nguruthos

thorn

adjective. steadfast

thoronhîn

proper name. Eorlingas

@@@

thos

noun. puff (of air)

A noun in notes from around 1957, glossed “puff (of air)” and derived from √THU(S) “blow, cause an air movement” (NM/237).

thoss

noun. fear

Thoron-hîn

name. Eorlingas

thol

sōl

pl1. thely or thuil _n. _Q. sōl. >> castol

thond

noun. root

thond

noun. root

n. root.

thorn

noun. eagle

thoron

noun. eagle

thoronath

noun. eagles

thorombar

noun. eagle’s nest, eyrie

A neologism coined by Elaran, a combination of S. thoron “eagle” and S. bâr (mb-) “home”.

thond

root

1) thond (construct thon; pl. thynd; coll. pl. thonnath), 2) thonnas, pl. thennais (archaic *thönnais) (VT46:16), 3) thund (construct thun; pl. thynd; coll. pl. thunnath) (VT46:16), 4) (esp. of edible roots) solch (i holch, o solch), pl. sylch (i sylch)

thoniel

kindler

(feminine) #thoniel (pl. thonil). Isolated from Vardas title Gilthoniel, Star-kindler.

thora

fence

(verb) *thora- (the curious form ”thoro-” occurs in the primary source, LR:393 s.v. THUR). The passive participle thoren ”fenced, guarded, hidden” is cited (pl. thorin).

thoren

fenced

thoren (guarded, hidden), pl. thorin; also thaur, pl. thoer. Note: a homophone means ”detestable, abhorrent, abominable, foul”.

thoren

guarded

thoren (fenced, hidden), pl. thorin

thoron

eagle

thoron, pl. theryn, coll. pl. thoronath. The sg. may also appear as thôr (with stem thoron-); thôr is also an adjective ”swooping, leaping down”. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. was therein (LR:392 s.v. THOR).

thost

smell

(noun) thost (pl. thyst) _(VT46:19)__;

thosta

stink

(vb.) thosta- (VT46:19)

thond

root

(construct thon; pl. thynd; coll. pl. thonnath)

thoniel

kindler

(pl. thonil). Isolated from Varda’s title Gilthoniel, Star-kindler.

thora

fence

(the curious form ”thoro-” occurs in the primary source, LR:393 s.v. THUR). The passive participle thoren ”fenced, guarded, hidden” is cited (pl. thorin).

thoren

hidden

(guarded, fenced), pl. thorin

thoren

fenced

(guarded, hidden), pl. thorin; also thaur, pl. thoer. Note: a homophone means ”detestable, abhorrent, abominable, foul”.

thoren

guarded

(fenced, hidden), pl. thorin

thoron

eagle

pl. theryn, coll. pl. thoronath. The sg. may also appear as thôr (with stem thoron-); thôr is also an adjective ”swooping, leaping down”. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. was therein (LR:392 s.v. THOR).

thonnas

root

pl. thennais (archaic ✱thönnais) (VT46:16)

thorod

torrent

pl. theryd (archaic thöryd).

thol-

verb. to roll

tholos

noun. axle [of a wheel]

thornang

noun. steel, (lit.) hard-iron

A neologism for “hard-iron” or “steel”, cognate to Q. tornanga “hard-iron”, which might also be used for “✱steel”.

thossui

adjective. fearful, afraid

thostol

adjective. stinking

thost

smell

(pl. thyst) (VT46:19)

thosta

stink

(VT46:19)

menegroth

place name. Thousand Caves

The cave-palace of Thingol in Doriath, translated “Thousand Caves” (S/56). It is a combination of meneg “thousand” and groth “cave” (SA/groth, WJ/415).

Conceptual Development: The name Ilk. Menegroth appeared in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/114, LR/220), and was designated as Doriathrin [Ilkorin] in The Etymologies, where it had essentially the same derivation as given above (Ety/ROD). In one late note the name was given as Menegrond, which might be a “pure Sindarin” form of this name as suggested by Carl Hostetter (NM/365).

Menegroth

noun. thousand caves

meneg (#probably “thousand”) + groth (“large underground dwelling”)

ci

thou

{k} _pron. _thou. Lenited in _gī _as in mae g(ī)' ovannen 'well [art] you met'.

eithos

noun. thorn bush

meneg

cardinal. thousand, thousand, *large in number

meneg

cardinal. thousand

ci

pronoun. thou

idhor

noun. thoughtfulness

ereg

noun. holly, thorn, holly, [N.] holly-tree, [S.] thorn

The Sindarin word for “holly”, most notably as an element in the name S. Eregion “Hollin” (SA/ereg; PE17/42). N. ereg “holly-tree” first appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s based on the root ᴹ√EREK “thorn”, along with a longer variant N. eregdos where the second element was N. toss “low-growing tree” (Ety/ERÉK, TUS).

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had two different words for “holly”: G. criscolas “holly” = crisc “sharp” + lass “leaf” (GL/27), as well as G. sempios “holly” = sen “brown-red” + a variant of piog “berry” (GL/67).

i

article. the

@@@ enclytic Dagor-nuin-Giliath vs. Dagor-nui-Ngiliath

i

definite article. the

i

definite article. who

i

the

pl1. in _ art. _the.

thôl

noun. thôl

n. >> castol

thôn

thôn

ai

pronoun. *those who

ai

pronoun. for those who

ereg

noun. holly-tree, thorn

lath

noun. (?) thong of leather

sennas

noun. guesthouse

le

thou

le (attested as dative ”to thee”; possibly also used as nominative/accusative, though an accusative *len ”thee” may be theorized to exist). Genitive lín ”thy”.

meneg

cardinal. thousand

#meneg (isolated from Menegroth ”Thousand Caves”, assuming this translation to be literal).

ti

those

(or ”they”?): possibly *ti (attested in lenited form di in the phrase di ai… ”those/they who…”) (VT44:23)

le

thou

(attested as dative ”to thee”; possibly also used as nominative/accusative, though an accusative ✱len ”thee” may be theorized to exist). Genitive lín ”thy”.

meneg

thousand

(isolated from Menegroth ”Thousand Caves”, assuming this translation to be literal).

ti

those

(attested in lenited form di in the phrase di ai… ”those/they who…”) (VT44:23)

eitheb

adjective. thorny, *(orig.) full of points; sharp

idhor

adjective. thoughtfulness

mengui

ordinal. thousandth

ecthel

thorn point

(used = spear point) ecthel (pl. ecthil). See also SHARP POINT.

idhor

thoughtfulness

*idhor. (Correction of idher in LR:361 s.v. ID; since the primitive form is given as idrē, the normal phonological development would demand idhr > idhor as the later forms.)

idhren

thoughtful

idhren (pondering, wise), pl. idhrin;

lath

thong

lath (pl. laith)

nauth

thought

nauth (pl. noeth, coll. pl. nothath);

êg

thorn

1) êg (construct eg), pl. îg; 2) rêg (construct reg) (holly), pl. rîg (idh rîg), 3) aeg (peak, point). No distinct pl. form. Note: aeg is also used as adj. "sharp, pointed, piercing". See also SPINE.

aeg

thorn

(peak, point). No distinct pl. form. Note: aeg is also used as adj. "sharp, pointed, piercing". See also SPINE.

ecthel

thorn point

(pl. ecthil). See also

idhor

thoughtfulness

. (Correction of idher in LR:361 s.v.

idhren

thoughtful

(pondering, wise), pl. idhrin;

lath

thong

(pl. laith)

lath

noun. thong (of leather)

nauth

thought

(pl. noeth, coll. pl. nothath);

rêg

thorn

(construct reg) (holly), pl. rîg (idh rîg)

sai

pronoun. those

êg

thorn

(construct eg), pl. îg

i

the

: Singular i (+ soft mutation), basically in in the plural, but often loses the n which is then replaced by nasal mutation of the next consonant (e.g. i thîw ”the letters”, compare tîw ”letters”). In this wordlist it is assumed that in becomes idh before a word in r-, as general patterns would seem to suggest. The articles are also used as relative pronouns ”who, which, that” (see THAT). Apparently ”the” sometimes appears as a suffix -n added to a preposition, e.g. be**<u>n</u>** ”according to <u>the</u>”. This suffix is followed by ”mixed mutation” according to David Salos reconstructions.

i

the

(+ soft mutation), basically in in the plural, but often loses the n which is then replaced by nasal mutation of the next consonant (e.g. i thîw ”the letters”, compare tîw ”letters”). In this wordlist it is assumed that in becomes idh before a word in r-, as general patterns would seem to suggest. – The articles are also used as relative pronouns ”who, which, that” (see

aith

noun. spear-point, [ᴱN.] spear, thorn

sanath

85#3D noun. thinking, thought

A theoretical noun arising from OS *sanattʰe (< SAN). Cp. girith, meleth, etc.

sennas

guesthouse

(i hennas), pl. sennais (i sennais), coll. pl. sennassath (RC:523)

tadhos

noun. hawthorn

thargelion

place name. Land beyond Gelion

The land between river Gelion and the Blue Mountains translated “Land beyond Gelion” (S/124), a combination of thar “across” and the river name Gelion (SA/thar, PE17/34).

Conceptual Development: In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, the name first appeared as N. Targelion >> Thargelion (LR/265, 268), and also in The Etymologies with the same derivation as given above (Ety/THAR). In Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s, Tolkien also considered the forms Thargelian (WJ/320) and Thorewilan (WJ/336).

thôn

noun. pine-tree

The Sindarin word for “pine-tree”, most notably as an element in the names Dorthonion “Land of Pines” and Orod-na-Thôn “Mount of the Pine Tree(s)”. Tolkien gave it as thôn < ✶stŏna in a 1955 letter to David Masson (PE17/82) and as {thaun >>} thôn in notes on Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings (WPP) from the late 1950s or early 1960s, derived from {✶stāna >> ✶thānĭ- >>} ✶thŏno (PE17/81).

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. thaun “pine-tree” under the root ᴹ√THŌN of the same meaning (Ety/THŌN). Likely the vowel in this root was a fronted ǭ, which became au in both Sindarin and Noldorin.

In the 1910s and 20s, the “pine-tree” word was ᴱN./G. aigos, first glossed {“cheshnut tree”} in Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/17), with a variant form G. aiguis in the Gnomish Lexicon Slips (PE13/108), and simply as ᴱN. aigos “pine-tree” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/136, 158). It was replaced by thaun/thôn in Tolkien’s later writing, as noted above.

bain

fair

_ adj. _fair, good, blessed, wholesome, favourable, without evil/bad element, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bân

fíreb

adjective. mortal

An adjective meaning “mortal”, more literally “those apt to die”, a Sindarin adaptation of Q. fírima of the same meaning, both based on the root √PHIR having to do with natural death (WJ/387). It was also used as Fíreb to refer to Mortal Men, a variant of Feir of similar meaning. Tolkien said “Fíreb as compared with Fírima shows the use of a different suffix, since the S equivalent of Q -ima (✱-ef) was not current” (WJ/387).

le

pronoun. thee/you

2nd sg. polite pron.(to) thee/you. A Q. borrowing in the S. used by the Noldor or mixed peoples, replacing the pure S. form de, dhe [= ðe] which remained in use in Doriath and in the Havens. Fanuilos le linnathon lit. 'Fanuilos to thee will I chant'.

thaun

pine

pl1. thoen n.Bot. #pine. Presented as a noldorized S. form. >> Dor I thoen, thôn. This gloss was rejected.

thôn

noun. pine

n.Bot. #pine. Presented as a noldorized S. form. >> thôn, thaun . This gloss was rejected.

thôn

noun. pine

n.Bot. #pine. Presented as a noldorized S. form. >> Dor I thoen, thôn. This gloss was rejected.

aeg

piercing

(adj.) aeg (pointed, sharp). No distinct pl. form. Note: aeg is also used as noun "point, peak, thorn".

dolen

hidden

1) dolen (secret), lenited dholen, pl. dolin. Archaic daulen. 2) hall (veiled, shadowed, shady); lenited chall; pl. hail. Note: a homophone means ”high, exalted”, 3) thoren (guarded, fenced), pl. thorin, 4) thurin (secret); no distinct pl. form_.

ech

spine

(= pricle or thorn) ech (pl. ich) (VT45:12)

egnas

sharp point

egnas (peak; literally "thorn-point"), pl. egnais, coll. pl. egnassaith.

idhren

pondering

idhren (wise, thoughtful), pl. idhrin

inc

idea

1) inc (guess, notion), no distinct pl. form (though the pl. article in will mark the word as pl. when definite); coll. pl. ingath; 2) naw (pl. noe). In ”Noldorin”, the pl. form was nui. Coll. pl. ?nawath or ?noath.

ind

mind

ind (inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

matha

wield

1) matha- (i vatha, i mathar) (stroke, feel, handle), 2) maetha- (i vaetha, i maethar) (handle, manage, deal with). In Tolkiens earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”. 3) tortha- (i dortha, i thorthar) (control)

megil

sword

1) megil (i vegil), no distinct pl. form except with article (i megil). This is a borrowing from Quenya macil (VT45:32). 2) magol (i vagol), analogical pl. megyl (i megyl), coll. pl. maglath (though analogical ?magolath may also be possible). In ”Noldorin”, this was the native word for ”sword” (derived from primitive makla, as is Quenya macil); it is unclear whether Tolkien definitely replaced it with megil when he turned ”Noldorin” into Sindarin, or whether both words coexist in the language. 3) lang (cutlass), pl. leng.

oll

torrent

1) oll (mountain steam), pl. yll. (The source also cites the archaic form old.) 2) thorod, pl. theryd (archaic thöryd).

rêg

holly

rêg (construct reg) (thorn), pl. rîg (idh rîg). See also LOW-GROWING TREE

thôl

helm

thôl (construct thol, pl. thŷl, coll. pl. ?tholath)

thôn

pine-tree

thôn (pl. thŷn, coll. pl. ?thonath). In the linguistic scenario of the Etymologies, the ”Noldorin” word for ”pine-tree” was thaun pl. thuin, and thôn was rather ”Ilkorin”. However, when Tolkien revised his legendarium so that Sindarin replaced Ilkorin as the native Elven-tongue of Beleriand, names like Dorthonion ”Land of Pines” must be interpreted as containing a Sindarin word for pine. Adj. #thonion ”having pine trees” (isolated from the name Dorthonion), pl. thonyn

aeg

piercing

(pointed, sharp). No distinct pl. form. Note: aeg is also used as noun "point, peak, thorn".

daedhelos

great fear

(i naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndaedelos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct. Another term for

ecthel

point of spear, spear point

(pl. ecthil), literally "thorn point&quot

en

of the

e-, genitival article, mostly only used in the singular (in the plural, in or i + nasal mutation is used), though infrequently en is used in the pl. as well. Followed by ”mixed mutation” according to David Salo’s reconstructions.

i

that

(+ soft mutation), basically in in the plural, but often loses the n which is then replaced by nasal mutation of the next consonant (e.g. gyrth i chuinar ”dead that live [cuinar]”, Letters:417). Sometimes i (+ soft mutation) is used in the singular as well. – The form ai (following by lenition) occurs in the phrase di ai gerir ✱”those who do” (VT44:23). Possibly it is a form of the relative pronoun that is used when the previous word ends in -i. Whether ai is both sg. and pl. is unclear; in its one attestation it is followed by a plural verb that is lenited.

idhren

pondering

(wise, thoughtful), pl. idhrin

inc

idea

(guess, notion), no distinct pl. form (though the pl. article in will mark the word as pl. when definite); coll. pl. ingath

ind

mind

(inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

magol

sword

(i vagol), analogical pl. megyl (i megyl), coll. pl. maglath (though analogical ?magolath may also be possible). In ”Noldorin”, this was the native word for ”sword” (derived from primitive makla, as is Quenya macil); it is unclear whether Tolkien definitely replaced it with megil when he turned ”Noldorin” into Sindarin, or whether both words coexist in the language.

rêg

holly

(construct reg) (thorn), pl. rîg (idh** rîg**). See also

thôl

helm

(construct thol, pl. th**ŷ**l, coll. pl. ?tholath)

thôn

pine-tree

(pl. th**ŷn, coll. pl. ?thonath). In the linguistic scenario of the Etymologies, the ”Noldorin” word for ”pine-tree” was thaun pl. thuin, and thôn was rather ”Ilkorin”. However, when Tolkien revised his legendarium so that Sindarin replaced Ilkorin as the native Elven-tongue of Beleriand, names like Dorthonion ”Land of Pines” must be interpreted as containing a Sindarin word for pine. Adj. #thonion ”having pine trees” (isolated from the name Dorthonion), pl. thonyn**

toba

roof over

(i** doba, i** thobar) (cover). Cited as a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -o (tobo).**

tobas

roof, roofing

(i** dobas, o thobas), pl. tebais (i** thebais) for archaic pl. töbais (VT46:19)

tortha

wield

(i** dortha, i** thorthar) (control)

thôr

swooping

thôr (adj.) (leaping down), pl. thŷr. Also used as a noun = ”eagle”.

thôr

leaping down

thôr (adj.) (swooping), pl. thŷr. Also used as a noun = ”eagle”.

thôl

noun. helmet, helm

thôr

noun. eagle

toniel

noun. kindler

cail

noun. fence or palisade of spikes and sharp stakes

megil

noun. sword

The word was struck out in the Etymologies, but is well attested in late compounds such as Mormegil or Arvegil (with regular mutation). It is conceivably the Sindarinized form of Quenya makil, coexisting with magol (see tegil and tegol for a similar case)

tawarwaith

noun. Silvan elves

caeda-

verb. sit

achas

fear

(noun) 1) achas (dread), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i **achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais), 2) dêl (i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl), 3) delos (i dhelos) (horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. Note: a side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys). 4) gôr (i ngôr = i ñor, o n**gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (dread, horror), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations. 5) niphred (pallor); pl. niphrid.

ad

back

(as prefix) ad-, also meaning "second, again, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".

anna

give

anna- (i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)

bain

fair

bain (beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

bâr

house

bâr (dwelling, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.

car

make

1) car- (i gâr, i cherir), pa.t. agor (do, build) (WJ:415), 2) echad- (i echad, in echedir) (fashion, shape), pa.t. echant (VT45:19)

car

house

(building, dwelling-place) 1) car or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (building), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car may be preferred for clarity. 2) adab (building), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb. 3)

curunír

wizard

curunír (i gurunír, o churunír) (man of craft), no distinct pl. form except with article (i churunír), coll. pl. curuníriath.

dan

back

(prep.) dan (lenited nan) (again, against);

delos

dread

(noun) 1) delos (i dhelos) (fear, horror, abhorrence, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. A side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys). 2) gae (i **ae), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngae = i ñae), 3) gôr (i ngôr = i ñôr, o n**gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (fear, horror), pl. gŷr (in gŷr = i ñgŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour”, but has different mutations. 4) goroth (i ngoroth = i ñoroth, o n**goroth = o ñgoroth) (horror), pl. geryg (in geryg** = i ñgeryg) (WJ:415). Archaic pl. *göryth. 5) gorth (i ngorth = i ñorth, o n**gorth = o ñgorth) (horror), pl. gyrth (in gyrth = i ñgyrth). _(WJ:415) _Note: a homophone means ”dead; dead person”. 6) goss (i **oss, constuct gos) (horror), pl. gyss (i ngyss = i ñyss). 7) gost (i ngost = i ñost, o n**gost = o ñgost) (terror), pl. gyst (in gyst = i ñgyst). 8) achas (fear), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i **achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais), coll. pl. achassath.

edhel

elf

edhel (pl. edhil). Coll. pl. Edhelrim (or Edhellim) (UT:318). Also †eledh, pl. elidh, coll. pl. eledhrim (Letters:281), also elen, pl. elin, also with coll. pl. eledhrim (elen + rim with the regular change nr > dhr). _(WJ:363, 377-78; _the shorter coll. pl. Eldrim > Elrim_ _may also occur). But since elin also means "stars", other terms for "Elf" may be preferred.

firin

mortal

?firin. No distinct pl. form.

fíreb

mortal

(adj. and noun) fíreb (pl. fírib), coll. pl. firebrim. The literal meaning is "apt to die" (WJ:387).

gaer

fearful

gaer (dreadful, awful; holy); lenited aear; no distinct pl. form. Note: homophones mean "reddish, copper-coloured, ruddy" and also "sea".

harn

helmet

harn (i charn, o charn), pl. hern (i chern). Note: this is a homophone of two unrelated adjectives harn, one meaning ”southern” and the other ”wounded”.

hav

sit

hav- (i châf, i chevir), pa.t. hamp (with endings hemmi-, as in hemmin ”I sat”) or havant. (VT45:20)

him

steadfast

1) him (abiding), lenited chim, no distinct pl. form. Note that homophones include both the adjective ”cool” and the adverb ”continually”.

ist

knowledge

ist (lore); no distinct pl. form.

ithron

wizard

1) ithron (= Quenya istar, one of the order Gandalf belonged to), pl. ithryn, coll. pl. ithronnath (UT:388), 2)

iâth

fence

(noun) 1) iâth (construct iath, pl. iaith) (WJ:370, 378), also ?iâd (construct iad), pl. iaid. 2) lest (girdle, boundary), pl. list, 3) (outer/encircling fence) ephel (pl. ephil), 4) (with spikes and sharp stakes) cail (i gail, o chail) (palisade); no distinct pl. form except with article (i chail).

luith

spell

*luith (no distinct pl. form). Only attested in Doriathrin form lûth.

mellon

friend

1) (masc.) mellon (i vellon) (lover), pl. mellyn (i mellyn), coll. pl. mellonnath. Also meldir (i veldir), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldir). Also seron (i heron, o seron), pl. seryn (i seryn), coll. pl. seronnath. 2) (fem.) meldis (i veldis), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldis), coll. pl. meldissath.

men

we

men (accusative mín ”us”, presumably usually lenited vín, which is also the genitive ”our”).

noss

house

(family) 1) noss (construct nos, pl. nyss) (family, clan), 2) nost (pl. nyst) (family) (PM:360), 3) nothrim (family); no distinct pl. form (PM:360)

orthel

roof

(verb.) orthel- (i orthel, in erthelir for archaic in örthelir) (screen above);

pant

complete

pant (lenited bant; pl. paint) (full, whole); COMPLETELY, see

rom

horn

1) rom (trumpet), pl. rym (idh rym), coll. pl. rommath. (Cf. also romloth ”horn-flower”, tobacco.) 2) rass (mountain peak), pl. #rais** (idh rais). The pl. is attested in the name Ered Nimrais. Side-form rasc, rasg. 3) rafn (wing, extended point at the side), pl. raifn (idh raifn); 4) tarag (i darag, o tharag), pl. teraig (i theraig**). The word may be used of a ”steep mountain peak” (VT46:17; ”steep mountain path” in LR:391 is a misreading).

tanc

firm

(adj.) tanc (lenited danc; pl. tainc)

tang

string

(bowstring) tang (i dang, o thang), pl. teng (i theng)

tann

sign

1) (etymologically ”something shown/indicated”) tann (i dann), construct tan, pl. tain (i thain) (MR:185); 2) têw (i dêw, o thêw, construct tew) (letter, tengwa), pl. tîw (i **thîw), coll. pl. téwath**;

taw

that

(demonstrative pronoun) ?taw. _Only the ”Old Noldorin” form tó is actually given in LR:389 s.v. _

tawarwaith

silvan elves

Tawarwaith (lit. ”Forest-people”)

telu

roof

(noun, high roof) telu (i delu, o thelu) (dome), pl. tely (i thely);

thala

firm

1) thala (steady, stalwart), pl. ?theili, 2) thand (true, abiding), pl. thaind (VT46:16; notice that the forms “thenid” and “thenin” in LR:388 s.v. STAN represent misreadings of Tolkiens manuscript).

thalion

steadfast

thalion (dauntless, strong), pl. thelyn. Also used as a noun ”hero, dauntless man”.

tiria

watch

1) tiria- (guard, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar). 2)

-d

suffix. you

2nd du. pron. suff. #you (two). Q. -star.See paradigm PE17:132.

-dh

suffix. you

{ð} 2nd du. pron. suff. #you (two). Q. -star.See paradigm PE17:132.

-dh

suffix. you

{ð} 2nd sg. pron. suff. #you. Q. -tar.See paradigm PE17:132.

-dhir

suffix. you

{ð} 2nd pl. pron. suff. #you. Q. -ltar.See paradigm PE17:132.

-m

suffix. we

1st du. pron. suff. #we (you and me). Q. -mmo.See paradigm PE17:132.

-nc

suffix. we

1st du. pron. suff. #we (you and me). Q. -lmo.See paradigm PE17:132. >> -ngid

Fíriel

noun. mortal maid

Teler

noun. an Elf, one of the Teleri

achas

noun. dread, fear

This might also be *gachas, mutated in composition

aned

give

anha-

verb. to give

anno

verb. give!

bân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, good, wholesome, favourable, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bain

calben

noun. Elf of the Great Journey (lit. "light person")

calben

noun. all Elves but the Avari

castol

noun. helmet

curunír

noun. man of craft, wizard

curunír

noun. wizard

curunír

noun. wizard, wizard, [N.] man of craft

@@@ a compound of curu “skill, craft” (SA/curu) and the agental suffix -n(d)ir

de

pronoun. you

dhe

pronoun. thee/you

{ð}2nd sg. polite pron.(to) thee/you. Pure S. form replaced by the Q. borrowing le in the S. used by the Noldor or mixed peoples. de/dhe remained in use in Doriath and in the Havens. >> dhe

dolen

adjective. hidden, hidden, [N.] secret

dúnedhel

noun. Elf of the West, Elf of Beleriand (including Noldor and Sindar)

edhel

noun. Elf

edhel

noun. Elf

_ n. _Elf, a general name for all the Elves (since the name Quendi had gone out of use in Sindarin). Probably related to or connected with Q. Elda. >> edhellen

edhel

Elf

pl1. edhil, pl2. edhellim {ð} _n. _Elf. A name used by the Sindar for themselves, characterizing other varieties by an adjective or prefix. >> Aredhel, Thinnedhel

edhel

Elf

{ð} _n. _Elf.

edhel

Elf

d _ n. _Elf. Q. elda.

edhelharn

noun. elf-stone

egladhrim

noun. "The Forsaken", Elves of the Falathrim

eglath

noun. "The Forsaken", Elves of the Falathrim

ell

noun. elf

n. elf, esp. [?in ?the ?South]. Noldorin form.

elleth

noun. elf-maid

ellon

noun. elf

elvellon

noun. elf-friend

ephel

noun. outer fence, encircling fence

ereg

noun. holly

_ n. Bot. _holly. >> Eregion

fael

adjective. fair minded, just, generous

fair

noun. mortal

feir

noun. mortal

feir

noun. Mortal, Mortal, [N.] mortal man

A term used for Men meaning “Mortal”, appearing in the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60, cognate to Q. Firya of the same meaning, both derived from √PHIR which was the basis of words for natural death (WJ/387). According to Tolkien this word was borrowed from Quenya, since the Noldor had pre-knowledge of the nature of Men having learned of them from the Valar. The plural form of Feir was Fîr and its class plural Firiath, the latter also appearing in contemporaneous Silmarillion drafts (WJ/219 footnote). It is unclear why this word did not become ✱Fair, since ei became ai in Sindarin monosyllables. Perhaps it remained Feir because it was an adaptation from Quenya, or it could be a conceptual remnant of its Noldorin form (see below).

Conceptual Development: Probably the first precursor to this word was ᴱN. fion “man, human being” from Index of Names for The Lay of the Children of Húrin compiled in the early 1920s (PE15/62), also appearing with the gloss “mortal man” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the same period (PE13/143). In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien gaven N. {fîr “man, mortal” >>} feir pl. fîr “mortals” under the root ᴹ√PHIR (Ety/PHIR; EtyAC/PHIR), hence with basically the same form, meaning and etymology as it had in later Sindarin.

firiath

noun. mortals, human beings

firieth

noun. mortal woman

firin

adjective. mortal

adj. mortal. >> firen

firion

noun. mortal man

fíreb

adjective. mortal

fíreb

noun. Mortal

galadhrim

noun. Elves of Lothlórien

glinnel

noun. Elf, one of the Teleri

golodh

noun. "Deep Elf" or "Gnome", one of the Wise Folk

golodhrim

noun. Deep Elves, Gnomes

gorn

dread

(-ngorn-) 2b n. dread, used in sense of reverence, majesty. >> Aragorn

gwain

adjective. fair

adj. fair. . This gloss was rejected.

gwana

noun/adjective. fair

gwân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, pale.

gódhel

noun. "Deep Elf" or "Gnome", one of the Wise Folk

gódhellim

noun. "Deep Elves" or "Gnomes", the Wise Folk

gûl

noun. knowledge

n. knowledge, deep knowledge not 'occult' in modern sense, but applied to the deper knowledge of the 'wise' or skilled persons, not kept secret (as [?among the] Elves) but not attainable by all. Q. ñōle, B.S. gûl phantom, shadow of dark magic, necromancer, slave, servant?. The B.S. word gûl was prob. derived from ngōl-.

han

that

pl1. hain _pron. _that, the thing previously mentioned. Tolkien notes "hain = heinn (< san-)" (PE17:42). Im Narvi hain echant 'I Narvi made them'.

iath

noun. fence

iath

noun. fence

iathrim

noun. Elves of Doriath

ithron

noun. wizard

ithron

noun. Wizard

iâth

noun. fence

iâth

noun. fence

lachend

noun. Deep Elf (Sindarin name for the Ñoldor)

lachenn

noun. Deep Elf (Sindarin name for the Ñoldor)

laegel

noun. a Green Elf

laegeldrim

noun. the people of the Green Elves

laegrim

noun. the people of the Green Elves

lind

adjective. fair

lûth

noun. spell, charm

megil

noun. sword

_ n. _sword. i·arben na megil and 'The Knight of the Long Sword'.

mellon

noun. friend

mellon

noun. friend

_ n. _friend. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. 

mellon

noun. friend

miniel

noun. an Elf, one of the Vanyar

mornedhel

noun. Dark-Elf

palan-díriel

noun. far-gazer

ras

noun. horn (especially on living animal, but also applied to mountains)

The form rhaes in the Etymologies is a misreading according to VT/46:10

ras(s)

noun. horn, horn [of both animals and mountains]

A noun for “horn” appearing in notes on the name Caradhras “Redhorn” from the 1950s or 60s (PE17/36). This word was an element in other names as well, such as Methedras “Last Peak” and Nimras “White Horn”.

Conceptual Development: This word appeared as N. rhas “horn” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√RAS “stick up” (Ety/RAS). Christopher Tolkien gave it as rhaes in The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road (LR/383), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne corrected this to rhas in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT46/10). In The Etymologies it appeared beside an alternate form N. rhasg, equivalent to ᴹQ. rasko (Ety/RAS; EtyAC/RAS).

Neo-Sindarin: Some Neo-Sindarin writers adapt its variant form as ᴺS. rasg, but I recommend sticking to attested S. ras(s) for a “horn” of both animals and mountains.

rasg

noun. horn (especially on living animal, but also applied to mountains)

rass

horn

_ n. _horn. >> Caradhras

rom

noun. horn, trumpet

san

pronoun. that

taen

noun. sign

taug

adjective. firm

adj. firm, strong, ?withstand. Q. tauka stiff, wooden.

telerrim

noun. the Teleri, a tribe of Elves

thalos

place name. Torrent

One of the seven streams from which Ossiriand got its name (S/123), and is simply thalos “torrent” used as a name (Ety/STAL). Given the river’s location in Ossiriand, this name might be Nandorin instead.

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies from the 1930s, the name Thalos was designated Ilkorin, with the derivation given above (Ety/STAL). Like many of the river names in Ossiriand, Tolkien did not give a new etymology of the name after he abandoned the Ilkorin language.

thôl

noun. helm

thôn

noun. pine-tree

tirith

noun. watch, guard (abstract noun), vigilance

tirith

watch

{1st ĭ}_n._watch, ward, guard. >> tíria, Minas Tirith

tirnen

noun. guarded

tirnen

adjective. guarded

tor

noun. the Dead

torn

hidden

adj. hidden, secret. >> terech

ódhel

noun. Deep Elf or Gnome, one of the Wise Folk

ódhellim

noun. Deep Elves or Gnomes, the Wise Folk

achas

fear

(dread), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i ’achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais)

ad

back

also meaning "second, again, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".

adab

house

(building), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb.

aith

point of spear, spear point

(no distinct pl. form)

an

to the, for the

(for) + i (the).

anna

give

(i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)

bain

fair

(beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

bâr

house

(dwelling, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.

cail

fence

(i gail, o chail) (palisade); no distinct pl. form except with article (i chail).

car

house

or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (building), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car may be preferred for clarity.

curunír

wizard

(i gurunír, o churunír) (man of craft), no distinct pl. form except with article (i churunír), coll. pl. curuníriath.

dan

back

(lenited nan) (again, against);

delos

fear

(i dhelos) (horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. Note: a side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys).

dolen

hidden

(secret), lenited dholen, pl. dolin. Archaic daulen.

dêl

fear

(i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl)

ech

spine

(pl. ich) (VT45:12)

ephel

fence

(pl. ephil)

fair

mortal man

(fír-), pl. fîr, coll. pl. firiath. Archaic sg. feir (WJ:387). Wheareas the above-mentioned terms are apparently gender-neutral, the following are gender-specific:

firieth

mortal woman

(pl. firith).

firin

mortal

. No distinct pl. form.

fíreb

mortal

(pl. fírib), coll. pl. firebrim. The literal meaning is "apt to die" (WJ:387).

gaer

fearful

(dreadful, awful; holy); lenited ’aear; no distinct pl. form. Note: homophones mean "reddish, copper-coloured, ruddy" and also "sea".

gaes

noun. steel

gobel

village

(i ’obel) (enclosed dwelling, ”town”), pl. gebil (i ngebil = i ñebil). Archaic pl. ✱göbil.

goe

great fear

(i ’oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe = i ñoe).

gorgoroth

deadly fear

(i ngorgoroth = i ñorgoroth, o n’gorgoroth = o ngorgoroth) (terror), pl. gergeryth (in gergeryth = i ñgergeryth). Archaic pl. görgöryth. Also in shorter form gorgor (i ngorgor = i ñorgor, o n’gorgor = o ñgorgor) (extreme horror), pl. gergyr (in gergyr = i ñgergyr), coll. pl. *gorgorath*** (WJ:415). Archaic pl. ✱görgyr**.

gosta

fear exceedingly

(i ’osta, i ngostar = i ñostar)

gôr

fear

(i ngôr = i ñor, o n’gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (dread, horror), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations.

gûr

inner mind

(i ’ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

hadron

hurler of spears or darts

(i chadron, o chadron), pl. hedryn (i chedryn), coll. pl. hadronnath

hall

hidden

(veiled, shadowed, shady); lenited chall; pl. hail. Note: a homophone means ”high, exalted”

harn

helmet

(i charn, o charn), pl. hern (i chern). Note: this is a homophone of two unrelated adjectives harn, one meaning ”southern” and the other ”wounded”.

hathel

broadsword blade

(i chathel, o chathel) (axe blade), pl. hethil (i chethil)

hav

sit

(i châf, i chevir), pa.t. hamp (with endings hemmi-, as in hemmin ”

him

steadfast

(abiding), lenited chim, no distinct pl. form. Note that homophones include both the adjective ”cool” and the adverb ”continually”.

hir-

verb. find

idhr

id

> idhor as the later forms.)

ist

knowledge

(lore); no distinct pl. form.

ista

have knowledge

(i ista, in istar), pa.t. sint or istas (VT45:18).

ithron

wizard

(= Quenya istar, one of the order Gandalf belonged to), pl. ithryn, coll. pl. ithronnath (UT:388)

iâd

noun. fence

iâth

fence

(construct iath, pl. iaith) (WJ:370, 378), also ?iâd (construct iad), pl. iaid.

lang

sword

(cutlass), pl. leng.

lest

fence

(girdle, boundary), pl. list

luith

spell

(no distinct pl. form). Only attested in Doriathrin form lûth.

maetha

wield

(i** vaetha, i** maethar) (handle, manage, deal with). In Tolkien’s earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”.

matha

wield

(i** vatha, i** mathar) (stroke, feel, handle)

megil

sword

(i vegil), no distinct pl. form except with article (i megil). This is a borrowing from Quenya macil (VT45:32).

meldis

friend

(i veldis), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldis), coll. pl. meldissath.

mellon

friend

(i vellon) (lover), pl. mellyn (i mellyn), coll. pl. mellonnath. Also meldir (i veldir), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldir). Also seron (i heron, o seron), pl. seryn (i seryn), coll. pl. seronnath.

men

we

(accusative mín ”us”, presumably usually lenited vín, which is also the genitive ”our”).

n

that

added to a preposition, e.g. ben ”according to the”.  This suffix is followed by ”mixed mutation” according to David Salo’s reconstructions.

naith

spearhead

(gore, wedge, point, promontory); no distinct pl. form;

naw

idea

(pl. noe). In ”Noldorin”, the pl. form was *nui***. Coll. pl. ?nawath or ?noath**.

niphred

fear

(pallor); pl. niphrid.

noss

house

(construct nos, pl. nyss) (family, clan)

nost

house

(pl. nyst) (family) (PM:360)

nothrim

house

(family); no distinct pl. form (PM:360)

nuitha

prevent from coming to completion

(i nuitha, in nuithar) (stunt; stop short; not allow to continue) (WJ:413)

oll

torrent

(mountain steam), pl. yll. (The source also cites the archaic form old.)

orthel

roof

(i orthel, in erthelir for archaic in örthelir) (screen above); 

pant

complete

(lenited bant; pl. paint) (full, whole);

pêl

fence, fenced field

(i bêl, construct pel) (enclosure, garth), pl. peli (i pheli), the latter forms reflecting the stem pele- (root PEL(ES), LR:380)

rafn

horn

(wing, extended point at the side), pl. raifn (idh raifn)

rasg

noun. horn

rass

horn

(mountain peak), pl. #rais (idh rais). The pl. is attested in the name Ered Nimrais. Side-form rasc, rasg.

rom

horn

(trumpet), pl. rym (idh rym), coll. pl. rommath. (Cf. also romloth ”horn-flower”, tobacco.)

roval

great wing

(pinion, wing), pl. rovail (idh rovail). – Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” *rhoval* pl. *rhovel*.

rû

sound of horns

pl. rui (idh rui), also romru, pl. remry (idh remry) for archaic römry

sa

pronoun. that

solch

root

(i holch, o solch), pl. sylch (i sylch)

tanc

firm

(lenited danc; pl. tainc)

tang

string

(i dang, o thang), pl. teng (i theng)

tangada

make firm

(confirm, establish) (i dangada, i thangadar)

tann

sign

(i dann), construct tan, pl. tain (i thain)** **(MR:185)

tarag

horn

(i darag, o tharag), pl. teraig (i theraig). The word may be used of a ”steep mountain peak” (VT46:17; ”steep mountain path” in LR:391 is a misreading).

taw

pronoun. that

taw

that

. Only the ”Old Noldorin” form tó is actually given in LR:389 s.v.

tawarwaith

silvan elves

(lit. ”Forest-people”)

telu

roof

(i delu, o thelu) (dome), pl. tely (i thely);

thala

firm

(steady, stalwart), pl. ?theili

thalion

steadfast

(dauntless, strong), pl. thelyn. Also used as a noun ”hero, dauntless man”.

thalos Speculative

noun. torrent

thand

firm

(true, abiding), pl. thaind (VT46:16; notice that the forms “thenid” and “thenin” in LR:388 s.v. STAN represent misreadings of Tolkien’s manuscript).

thangail

shield fence

(shield wall). No distinct pl. form? (UT:281)

thar-

verb. to saw (up)

thas-

verb. to shave

thela

point of spear, spear point

(-thel), pl. ?thili

thund

root

(construct thun; pl. thynd; coll. pl. thunnath) (VT46:16)

thurin

hidden

(secret); no distinct pl. form

thôr

swooping

(adj.) (leaping down), pl. thŷr. Also used as a noun = ”eagle”.

thôr

leaping down

(adj.) (swooping), pl. thŷr. Also used as a noun = ”eagle”.

till

sharp horn

(i dill, o thill, construct til; also -dil, -thil at the end of compounds) (tine, point, sharp-pointed peak), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thill). Archaic †tild.

tir-

watch

(cited in the form tiri, a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -i) (i dîr, i thirir) (guard, gaze, look at, look towards). The imperative tiro and passive participle [t]irnen are attested, the latter in lenited form dirnen.

tiria

watch

(guard, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar).

tirith

watch, watching

(i dirith, o thirith) (guard, guarding, vigilance), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thirith)

têw

sign

(i dêw, o thêw, construct tew) (letter, tengwa), pl. tîw (i thîw), coll. pl. téwath

uin

from the, of the

.