Harmen

south

[Harmen] noun "south" (MEN)(Changed to hyarmen.)

Hyarastorni

south

Hyarastorni place-name, region in Númenor, apparently including hyar- "south" and perhaps orni "trees" (UT:210)

hyarmen

south

hyarmen, Hyarmen noun "south" (SA, SA:men, KHYAR), literally "lefthand-direction" (VT49:12), since the Elves named the directions as they were to a person facing the Blessed Realm in the West Also name of tengwa #33 (Appendix E). In Hyarmendacil masc.name, "South-victor" (Appendix A), apparently also in the place-name Hyarmentir (name of a mountain; the element -tir means *"watch[ing point]".) (SA) Hyarnustar "the Southwestlands" of Númenor; Hyarrostar the "Southeastlands" (UT:165)

Sahóra

the south

Sahóra "the South" (LT1:248, 255; rather Hyarmen in LotR-style Quenya)

hyar-

prefix. left-hand, south

Cognates

• S. harn “south, southern” ✧ PE17/018

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHYAR “left hand”

Derivatives

• Q. Hyarantë “Southern Lamp”

Element in

• Q. Hyallondië “South-harbourage” ✧ PE17/028
• ᴺQ. Hyaralcar “aurora, (lit.) southern radiance”
• Q. Hyarastorni “?South Fastness”
• Q. hyarma “left hand”
• Q. hyarmen “south, (lit.) left-hand direction” ✧ PE17/018
• Q. hyarna “southern” ✧ PE17/018
• Q. Hyarnustar “Southwestlands” ✧ UT/165
• Q. Hyarrostar “Southeastlands” ✧ UT/165

Variations

• Hyar- ✧ UT/165; UT/165

hyarmen

noun. south, (lit.) left-hand direction

Cognates

• S. harad “south” ✧ LotR/1115; LotR/1123; PE17/018; PE17/088; SA/hyarmen; PE17/018
• S. harn “south, southern” ✧ SA/hyarmen; SA/hyarmen

Element in

• Q. epetai i hyarma ú ten ulca símaryassen “consequently the left hand was not to them evil in their imaginations” ✧ VT49/12
• Q. Hyarmendacil “South-victor, South-slayer” ✧ LotR/1045
• Q. Hyarmentir “*South Watch” ✧ SA/hyarmen

Elements

Word	Gloss
hyar-	“left-hand, south”
men	“way, way; [ᴹQ.] place, spot”

Variations

• Hyarmen ✧ LotR/1045; LotR/1115; SA/men

harad

noun. south

harad

adjective. south

_adj. _south, southern. Q. hyarmen, hyarna. >> har-

harad

noun. south

Cognates

• Q. hyarmen “south, (lit.) left-hand direction” ✧ LotR/1115; LotR/1123; PE17/018; PE17/088; SA/hyarmen; PE17/018

Element in

• S. Harad “The South”
• S. Haradrim “Southrons, (lit.) People of the Harad”
• S. Haradwaith “South-folk, the Harad”

Variations

• Harad ✧ LotR/1115

harad

place name. The South

The southern regions of Middle-earth (LotR/248), it is simply harad “south” used as a name.

Conceptual Development: The name was already N. Harad when it first appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (TI/333).

Elements

Word	Gloss
harad	“south”

harn

noun. the South

_n. _the South. Q. hyarmen. >> forn, har-

harn

adjective. south, southern

Cognates

• Q. hyarmen “south, (lit.) left-hand direction” ✧ SA/hyarmen; SA/hyarmen
• Q. hyar- “left-hand, south” ✧ PE17/018
• Q. hyarna “southern” ✧ PE17/018

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHYAR “left hand”

Element in

• S. Hallonnas “South-harbourage”
• S. harad “south” ✧ PE17/018
• S. Harathrad “South Ford”
• ᴺS. Harchalad “aurora, (lit.) southern radiance”
• S. Harfalas “South Falas”
• S. Harlindon “Lindon south of the Gulf of Lune”
• S. Harlond “South Haven”
• S. Harnen “*South Water”
• S. Harondor “Southern Gondor”
• S. Taur-na-Chardhîn “Forest of Southern Silence” ✧ WJI/Taur-na-Chardhîn

har-

prefix. left-hand

_pref. _left-hand, south. Q. hyar-. >> harn

harad

south

1) (”the South” as an area) Harad (i Charad, o Charad, 2) hâr (i châr, o châr, construct har) (also = ”left”). 3) The word Harven (i Charven, o Charven) may refer primarily to ”south” as a direction; the final element -ven means ”way”. (VT45:23). Adj.

harad

south

(i Charad, o Charad

haradren

south, southern

(lenited charadren; pl. heredrin), also harn (lenited charn, pl. hern). Note: a homophone of the latter means ”wounded”, and as noun harn also means ”helmet” (so haradren may be preferred for clarity).

harven

south

(i Charven, o Charven) may refer primarily to ”south” as a direction; the final element -ven means ”way”. (VT45:23). Adj.

hâr

south

(i châr, o châr, construct har) (also = ”left”).

haradrim

southerners, southrons

(a coll. pl., ”people of the south”)

haradren

south, southern

haradren (lenited charadren; pl. heredrin), also harn (lenited charn, pl. hern). Note: a homophone of the latter means ”wounded”, and as noun harn also means ”helmet” (so haradren may be preferred for clarity).

hair

noun/adjective. left (hand)

Element in

• S. harvo “left hand, left side”

þarma

noun. left-hand

Cognates

• S. harvo “left hand, left side” ✧ VT47/06

harad

noun. south

harad

noun. south

Changes

• haran → harad ✧ Ety/KHYAR

Cognates

• ᴹQ. hyarmen “south, left hand” ✧ Ety/KHYAR

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHYAR “left hand” ✧ Ety/KHYAR

Element in

• N. Harad “The South”
• N. haradren “southern” ✧ Ety/KHYAR
• N. Haradhoth “People of Harad”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√KHYAR > harad	[kʰjarata] > [kʰarata] > [xarata] > [xarat] > [xarad] > [harad]	✧ Ety/KHYAR

Variations

• haran ✧ EtyAC/KHYAR (haran)

harad

place name. The South

Elements

Word	Gloss
harad	“south”

heir

noun/adjective. left (hand)

Cognates

• ᴹQ. hyarya “left (hand)” ✧ Ety/KHYAR

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHYAR “left hand” ✧ Ety/KHYAR

Element in

• N. hargam “left-handed” ✧ Ety/KHYAR
• N. harwed “left-handed”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√KHYAR > heir	[kʰarja] > [xarja] > [xaria] > [xeria] > [xeri] > [xeir] > [heir]	✧ Ety/KHYAR

Variations

• hair ✧ EtyAC/KHYAR (hair)