Quenya 

alca-

verb. glitter

glitter

Quenya [PE 18:87] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

mirilya-

glitter

mirilya- vb. "glitter" (MBIRIL)

alca-

verb. to glitter, to glitter, *shine out, flash

A verb for “glitter” in the second version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa (TQ2) written around 1950 (PE18/87). Its ancient form ✶ak’la- was glossed “shine out, flash”, an abnormal vocalization of the verbal root √KAL “shine”, where Tolkien said “these formations appear to have been often intensive, or descriptive of sudden action”. Thus I think this verb was more properly used for a sudden flash of light. It is possible that the semantics of the verb changed to a more gentle or gradual glittering, but Quenya has other verbs for “twinkle”, “glitter” and “sparkle” (tintila-, mirilya-, ita-), and I would use alca- primarily with the sense “flash” in Neo-Quenya.

tin-

glint, spark, glitter

tin- vb. "glint, spark, glitter" (3rd pers. aorist tinë "it glints") (TIN, PE17:69)

tintila-

verb. to twinkle, sparkle, glitter, give tremulous light, †tremble

A verb appearing in the Namárië poem, where Tolkien translated it as “tremble” (LotR/377). It is clear form his writings elsewhere that this a poetic rendering, and the actual meaning of the word is “twinkle, give tremulous light” (PE17/66) or “sparkle, glitter” (RGEO/61). It seems to be a combination of the roots √TIN “sparkle” and √THIL “shine silver” (PE17/66), and so is especially appropriate for describing starlight.

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies from the 1930s, there was a similar verb ᴹQ. tintina- “to sparkle”, likely a reduplication of the root ᴹ√TIN “sparkle”. For Neo-Quenya writing, it is probably preferable to use the better known tintila-.

Quenya [LotR/0377; PE17/066; PE17/069; PE23/133; PM/364; RGEO/58; RGEO/59; RGEO/61] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tin-

verb. to spark, glitter, to spark, glitter, [ᴹQ.] glint, [ᴱQ.] gleam, shine as a star

sisilla-

verb. glitter (white)

Quenya [PE 22:113] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

rilma

glittering light

rilma noun "glittering light" (RIL)

rilya

glittering

rilya adj.? noun? "glittering" (RIL; in the printed Etymologies the word is also glossed "brilliance", but according to VT46:11 this gloss does not properly apply to this word)

nalta

radiance, glittering reflection

nalta ("ñ")noun "radiance, glittering reflection" (from jewels, glass or polished metals, or water) (PM:347)

tindë

glint

tindë noun "glint" (TIN)

wintil

glint

wintil noun "glint" (LT1:261)

nalta

noun. radiance, glittering reflection

Quenya [NM/350; PE17/050; PE23/136; PM/347] Group: Eldamo. Published by

íta

noun. flash, flash, *lightning

A noun for “a flash” appearing in The Shibboleth of Fëanor as part of a discussion the name Q. Itarillë, S. Idril from the late 1960s, derived from the root √IT (PM/363). It seems to be a bright and direct flash of light, as opposed to ᴹQ. tinde “glint” for a less brilliant and reflected flash of light.

Neo-Quenya: As a flash of light, this word might also be used for “✱lightning” and on this basis used for Neo-Quenya words having to do with electricity.

alcar

noun. radiance

radiance, splendour

Quenya [PE 18:36 PE 18:87] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

alta

radiance

alta (2) noun "radiance" (VT42:32, PE17:50). Cf. variant ñalta.

alta

noun. radiance

cala

light

cala ("k")noun "light" (KAL). Concerning the "Qenya" verb cala-, see #cal- above.

cala

noun. light, light; [ᴱQ.] daytime (sunlight), 12 hours

This is the most common Quenya word for “light”, derived from the root √KAL of similar meaning (RGEO/62; PE17/84). It appears in numerous compounds, either in its full form or in a reduced form cal-.

Conceptual Development: ᴱQ. kala appeared all the way back in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “daytime (sunlight), 12 hours” and derived from the early root ᴱ√KALA “shine golden” (QL/44), but it had the sense “light” in the phrase ᴱQ. i·kal’antúlien “Light hath returned” (LT1/184), and it was given as the cognate of G. gala “light, daylight” in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon (GL/37).

ᴹQ. kala “light” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of the root ᴹ√KAL “shine” (Ety/KAL). Somewhat curiously in that document its primitive form was given as ᴹ✶k’lā́ (EtyAC/KAL), a form that also appeared in the first version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa (TQ1) from the 1930s (PE18/38). Tolkien may have used this variant form to explain N. glaw “radiance” (< ᴹ✶g’lā́), but in later writings S. glaw “sunshine” was derived from √LAW.

Quenya [PE17/084; PE17/143; RGEO/62; VT39/14] Group: Eldamo. Published by

calina

light

calina ("k")adj. "light" (KAL), "bright" (VT42:32) "(literally illumined) sunny, light" (PE17:153) but apparently a noun "light" in coacalina, q.v.

cálë

light

cálë ("k")noun "light" (Markirya; in early "Qenya", cálë meant "morning", LT1:254)

cálë

noun. light

A noun for “light” appearing in the versions of the Markirya poem from the 1960s (MC/222-223).

Conceptual Development: In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, ᴱQ. kále “morning” was a derivative of the early root ᴱ√KALA “shine golden” (QL/44), and kāle was mentioned again Gnomish Lexicon Slips as a cognate of G. gaul “a light” (PE13/114). The form ᴱQ. kale “day” appeared in the Early Qenya Grammar of the 1920s, but was deleted (PE14/43). It might also be an element in ᴹQ. yúkale “twilight” (= “both lights”) from The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/KAL).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I’d stick to the better attested Q. cala “light”.

Quenya [MC/222; MC/223] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fairë

radiance

fairë (3) noun "radiance" (PHAY)

fána

white

fána, fánë (1) adj. "white" (Markirya - fánë as a sg. form in may be a misreading). Compare fanya.

fána

adjective. white, white; [ᴹQ.] cloud

@@@ as suggested by Helge Fauskanger, the form fánë “white” in the Markirya poem may be a slip or misreading

Quenya [MC/221; MC/222] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fánë

adjective. white

ninquë

white, chill, cold, palid

ninquë adj. "white, chill, cold, palid" (WJ:417, SA:nim, PE17:168, NIK-W - spelt "ninqe" in Etym and in LT1:266, MC:213, MC:220, GL:60), pl. ninqui in Markirya. Compounded in Ninquelótë noun "White-Flower" (SA:nim), = Sindarin Nimloth, the White Tree of Númenor; ninqueruvissë ("q") "white-horse-on" _(MC:216; this is "Qenya", read _ninqueroccossë or *ninquiroccossë in LotR-style Quenya). Normally ninquë would be expected to have the stem-form ninqui-, given the primitive form ¤ninkwi; Ninquelótë rather than *Ninquilótë must be seen as an analogical form.

tintila-

twinkle

tintila- vb. "twinkle", present (or maybe rather aorist) pl. tintilar (Nam, RGEO:67)

tinwë

spark

tinwë noun "spark" (gloss misquoted as "sparkle" in the Etymologies as printed in LR, see VT46:19), also "star"; pl. tinwi "sparks", properly used of the star-imagines on Nur-menel (q.v.). Cf. nillë. (TIN, MR:388) In early "Qenya", tinwë was simply glossed "star" (LT1:269, cf. MC:214). In one late source, the meaning of tinwë is given as "spark", and it is said that this word (like Sindarin gil) was used of the stars of heaven "in place of the older and more elevated el, elen- stem" (VT42:11).

íta

flash

íta noun "a flash" (PM:363)

Primitive elvish

it

root. glitter, shine, shimmer, twinkle

Tolkien (re)introduced the root √IT in 1957 to address a problem he had with the etymology of the name S. Idril. In The Etymologies of the 1930s, he based this name on the root ᴹ√ID “✱desire”, and gave it the form Idhril (Ety/ID). The problem was that in the narratives, he continued to use the form Idril, which could not be derived from √ID. In Notes on Names (NN) he wrote in 1957, he introduced the root √IT to provide a new etymology for Idril, giving the root various meanings such as “(great) enhancement”, “gleaming”, “repeat, multiply” and “glitter, shine, shimmer, twinkle” (PE17/112, 156), along with alternate forms ITH, IS and ƷIT (PE17/156). He seems to have settled on √IT and the last of the listed meanings, since in The Shibboleth of Fëanor written in 1968 Tolkien said her Quenya name was Q. Itarillë based on ita- “to sparkle”, appearing with various other it- words of similar meaning (PM/346, 348 and 363 note #42).

The root √IT was basically a reversion to the original basis for the name G. Idril, which in the 1910s seems to have been based on a (hypothetical) root ✱ᴱ√ITI meaning something like “precious”. For the effects of these revisions on other roots, see the discussion in the entry for √IR “desire”.

Primitive elvish [PE17/112; PE17/155; PE17/156; PM/363] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ñ(g)alatā

noun. (reflected) radiance, glitter (of reflected light), glory

Primitive elvish [NM/349; NM/350; NM/353; PE17/050; PE17/060; PE17/169; PM/347] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ith

root. glitter, shine, shimmer, twinkle

kalat

noun. light

Primitive elvish [PE18/087; PE21/71] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tini

noun. spark

Primitive elvish [PE21/80] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

galadriel

feminine name. Glittering-garland

A Noldorin lady and only daughter of Finarfin, Galadriel was the ruler of Lórien at the end of the Third Age (LotR/353). Her name is a compound of galad “radiance, glittering reflection” and -riel “crowned maiden”. Its full meaning is “maiden crowned with a garland of bright radiance” (PM/347), but for the sake of brevity this entry uses the less literal translation “Glittering-garland” (Let/423).

Etymology: The history of Galadriel’s name is quite complex. Her birth names were Q. Nerwen and Q. Artanis, but her mother Eärwen was Telerin. Later in life Galadriel adopted the Telerin name T. Alatáriel, which in Quenya was Q. Altáriel (PM/346). This new name may have been due to the Telerin influence of her mother, or it may have been given to Galadriel by her husband, who may or may not have been a Telerin elf (see Celeborn for discussion). She was given this name because of her long golden hair (Let/428). Like her older brothers, Galadriel journeyed to Beleriand to aid in the war against Morgoth, where her name Altáriel was adapted into Sindarin as Galadriel (PM/347, PE17/60).

Many years later, when Galadriel became ruler of Lórien, her Silvan-elf subjects associated her name with Nan. galad “tree”. Sometimes her Sindarin name was altered to Galadhriel (S. galadh “tree”) to reflect this association (UT/267), but properly speaking her name had nothing to do with trees.

Conceptual Development: See the entry for the primitive form of her name, ✶Ñ(g)alatā-rigelle, for a discussion of the conceptual developments in this name’s etymology, and N. Galadhrien for a discussion of earlier forms of this name.

Sindarin [Let/423; Let/425; Let/428; LotRI/Galadriel; LRI/Galadriel; LT1I/Galadriel; MR/182; MR/470; MRI/Galadriel; NM/186; NM/346; NM/349; NM/350; NM/352; PE17/050; PE17/059; PE17/060; PE17/084; PE17/169; PE23/143; PM/346; PM/347; PMI/Galadriel; SA/kal; SI/Galadriel; SMI/Galadriel; UT/267; UTI/Galadriel; WJ/035; WJI/Galadriel] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aglarond

place name. Glittering Cavern

The caverns of Helm’s Deep, translated “Glittering Caves” (LotR/548) or “Glittering Cavern” (RC/421). It is a compound of aglar “brilliance” and rond “vault, high roofed cavern” (RC/421; SA/aglar, rond).

Conceptual Development: This name first appeared as N. Aglarond “Caves of Splendour” in Lord of the Ring drafts from the 1940s (WR/76), probably already with the etymology given above.

Sindarin [Let/282; LotR/0548; LotRI/Aglarond; LotRI/Glittering Caves; RC/421; SA/aglar; SA/rond; SI/Aglarond; UT/371; UTI/Aglarond; UTI/Glæ̂mscrafu] Group: Eldamo. Published by

brilthor

place name. Glittering Torrent

A tributary of the river Gelion in Beleriand (S/123), translated “Glittering Torrent” (SI/Brilthor, Ety/MBIRIL). It is a combination of bril “glass, crystal” and a form of [N.] thórod “torrent” (Ety/MBIRIL, THOR). Given the river’s location in Ossiriand, this name might be Nandorin instead.

Conceptual Development: This name appeared in the Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (SM/135 note #4, LR/263). In The Etymologies, the name Brilthor was designated Ilkorin, with the translation and (essentially) the same derivation as above (Ety/MBIRIL, THOR). Like many of the river names in Ossiriand, Tolkien did not give a new etymology of the name after he abandoned the Ilkorin language.

Sindarin [SI/Brilthor; WJI/Brilthor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Brilthor

noun. glittering torrent

bril (Ilk. “glass, crystal”) + thôr (“swooping, leaping down”)

Sindarin [Tolkiendil] Group: Tolkiendil Compound Sindarin Names. Published by

galad

noun. radiance, glittering reflection; light, fire, brightness, shining; bliss, radiance, glittering reflection; light, fire, brightness, shining; bliss; [ᴱN.] dawn

A word for “radiance, glittering reflection” derived from primitive ✶ñ(g)alatā and the root √Ñ(G)AL “shine by reflection” (PM/347). Most notably it was an element in the names Galadriel and Gil-galad. In the latter name, since the ancient form began with ñg-, its mutated form was -galad rather than the more usual ’alad.

Conceptual Development: This word had a long and intricate history, and was intertwined with the shifting conceptions of various roots and names. It’s earliest iteration was G. {gâl(a) >>} gala “light, daylight” (GL/37), cognate to ᴱQ. kala of similar meaning, derived from the early root ᴱ√KALA “shine golden” (QL/44). Since ancient initial g- became k- in Early Qenya, is very likely the early root was actually ✱ᴱ√GALA. In early notes, Tolkien experimented with various alternate forms for this word such as gâl or gaul (GL/37; PE13/114), and in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s Tolkien had the word ᴱN. galad with the gloss “dawn” (PE13/144).

By the 1930s, Tolkien had revised the phonology of Quenya so that primitive initial g became ʒ and then vanished, but he wished to retain the kal-/gal- variation in “light” words, and so introduced a Noldorin-only variant ᴹ√GAL of the root ᴹ√KAL “shine” (Ety/GAL). In The Etymologies, Tolkien had both N. calad (Ety/KAL) and N. galad (EtyAC/GAL) for “light”, the former appearing in its mutated form as an element in the name N. Gil-galad “Starlight” (Ety/GIL).

S. calad continued to be the basis for the second element of S. Gil-galad in some later writings (PE17/50), but Tolkien began to have problems with another name from The Lord of the Rings, that is Galadriel. When Tolkien first introduced her name, it basically meant “Tree-lady” (TI/249), but this was no longer suitable for her more elevated role in the legendarium, and in any case the proper Sindarin word for “tree” was galadh. In 1955 notes Tolkien considered making the initial element of her name mean “blessed” or “bliss” instead (NM/346).

In notes from the late 1950s or early 1960s Tolkien connected the names Gil-galad and Galadriel as sharing a common element meaning “light” and experimented with various derivatives of the roots √KAL and √GAL (PE17/50), but couldn’t contrive a satisfactory solution since the shared word would be mutated in Gil-Galad but unmutated in Galadriel. Eventually Tolkien resolved this quandary by introducing a new root √Ñ(G)AL in various notes from the late 1960s (PE17/59-60; NM/353) whose primitive form in Sindarin was strengthened ✶ñgalatā that would produce the correct result for both names. Tolkien discussed this new word at length in The Shibboleth of Fëanor from 1968:

> The name [Galadriel] was derived from the Common Eldarin stem ÑAL “shine by reflection”; ✱ñalatā “radiance, glittering reflection” (from jewels, glass or polished metals, or water) > Quenya ñalta, Telerin alata, Sindarin galad ... The whole = “maiden crowned with a garland of bright radiance” was given in reference to Galadriel’s hair. Galad occurs also in the epesse of Ereinion (“scion of kings”) by which he was chiefly remembered in legend, Gil-galad “star of radiance” (PM/347).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would assume (ñ)galad refers to radiant, glittering and reflected light, as opposed to S. calad (lit. = “shining”) which refers to direct light and the sources of such light, such as lamps and flames.

Sindarin [Let/425; NM/346; PE17/084; PE23/136; PM/347; SA/kal] Group: Eldamo. Published by

galad

noun. light, radiance, glittering, reflection (from jewels, glass or polished metal, or water)

Sindarin [VT/45:13, PM/347, Letters/425] Group: SINDICT. Published by

silivren

adjective. (white) glittering

Sindarin [LotR/II:I, RGEO/72] silif+-ren. Group: SINDICT. Published by

aglar

glitter

aglar (brilliance, glory), pl. eglair if there is a pl.

aglar

glitter

(brilliance, glory), pl. eglair if there is a pl.

ross

glitter

ross (polished metal), pl. ryss (idh ryss). Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”spray, foam, rain, dew”.

ross

glitter

(polished metal), pl. ryss (idh ryss). Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”spray, foam, rain, dew”.

gael

glittering

(adj.) gael (pale), lenited ael; no distinct pl. form.

gael

glittering

(pale), lenited ’ael; no distinct pl. form.

galad

glittering reflection

galad (i ngalad = i ñalad), (bright light, sunlight, brilliance, radiance), pl. gelaid (in gelaid = i ñgelaid).

galad

glittering reflection

(i ngalad = i ñalad), (bright light, sunlight, brilliance, radiance), pl. gelaid (in gelaid = i ñgelaid).

golovir

glittering white

(= ”Noldo-jewel”) (i Ngolovir =   i Ñolovir, o N’golovir = o Ñgolovir), no distinct pl. form except with article (in Golovir = i Ñgolovir), 3) Mirion (i Virion), pl. Míryn (i Míryn). (LR:373 s.v. MIR lists the archaic ”Noldorin” plural Miruin.)

rill

glittering (reflected) light

rill (construct ril) (brilliance, flame), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rill).

rill

glittering (reflected) light

rill (construct ril) (brilliance, flame), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rill).

rill

glittering (reflected) light

_ rill (construct ril) (brilliance, flame), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rill).

silivren

glittering white

(lenited hilivren; pl. *silivrin**). *Verb

silivren

glittering white

(lenited hilivren; pl. silivrin).

silivren

glittering white

(like a Silmaril) silivren (lenited hilivren; pl. silivrin).

silivren

glittering white

(like a Silmaril) silivren (lenited hilivren; pl. silivrin_). _Verb

tinna

glint

(vb.) *tinna- (cited as a ”Noldorin” infinitive tinno) (i dinna, i thinnar). Noun

tinna

glint

(cited as a ”Noldorin” infinitive tinno) (i dinna, i thinnar). Noun

agar

glory

agar (brilliance, glitter), pl. eglair if there is a pl. Also claur (i glaur, o chlaur) (splendour), pl. cloer (i chloer), coll. pl. clorath.

agar

glory

(brilliance, glitter), pl. eglair if there is a pl. Also claur (i glaur, o chlaur) (splendour), pl. cloer (i chloer), coll. pl. clorath.

calad

light

_(noun) _1) calad (i galad, o chalad), pl. celaid (i chelaid), 2) gaul (i **aul), pl. goel (i ngoel = i ñoel), coll. pl. golath. Note: A homophone means "wolf-howl", but has different mutations. 3) (bright light) galad (i ngalad = i ñalad), (sunlight, brilliance, radiance, glittering reflection), pl. gelaid (in gelaid = i ñgelaid). 4) gâl (gal-, -al in compounds, with article i **âl), pl. gail (i ngail = i ñail).

calad

light

(i galad, o chalad), pl. celaid (i chelaid), 2) gaul (i ’aul), pl. goel (i ngoel = i ñoel), coll. pl. golath. Note: A homophone means "wolf-howl", but has different mutations. 3) (bright light) galad (i ngalad = i ñalad), (sunlight, brilliance, radiance, glittering reflection), pl. gelaid (in gelaid = i ñgelaid). 4) gâl (gal-, -al in compounds, with article i ’âl), pl. gail (i ngail = i ñail).

galad

radiance

1) galad (i ngalad = i ñalad) (bright light, sunlight, brilliance, glittering reflection), pl. gelaid (in gelaid = i ñgelaid), 2) glaw (i **law), pl. gloe (in gloe), 3) thîl; no distinct pl. form, coll. pl. ?thiliath**.

galad

radiance

(i ngalad = i ñalad) (bright light, sunlight, brilliance, glittering reflection), pl. gelaid (in gelaid = i ñgelaid)

aglar

noun. radiance

_n. _radiance, glory. Q. alkar. >> aglareb

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:24] < _aklar_ < KAL light. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

aglar

noun. glory, brilliance, splendour

Sindarin [Ety/348, S/427, LotR/II:I, LotR/VI:IV, RGEO/73, ] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calad

gerund noun. light

Sindarin [Ety/362, UT/65] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calad

noun. light

_ n. _light, fire, brightness, shining. >> galad

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:84] < GAL. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

calad

noun. light, fire, brightness, shining, light, brightness, shining, fire

A noun for “light” derived from the root √KAL of similar meaning (PE17/50, 84), and appearing in the phrase Lacho calad! Drego morn! “Flame light! Flee night!” (UT/65). In one place it was glossed “light, fire, brightness, shining” (PE17/84), so it seems it could refer to any shining thing or source of light. For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would only use it in reference to “fire” as a source of illumination, not as a flame.

Conceptual Development: N. calad “light” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s, already with the derivation given above (Ety/KAL). In this document it was the basis for the final element of the name N. Gil-galad, and this was true in some later writings as well (PE17/50), but Tolkien eventually decided the second element of Gil-galad was (ñ)galad “radiance”, an element also seen in the name of Galadriel (PM/347).

Sindarin [PE17/050; PE17/084; UT/065] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fain

noun/adjective. white

Sindarin [Ety/387, WR/288, RC/268, VT/46:15, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

fain

noun/adjective. cloud

Sindarin [Ety/387, WR/288, RC/268, VT/46:15, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

galad

radiance

1a _ n. _radiance. >> Galadriel, Gil-galad

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:50] < _kalat_- radiance < GAL < KAL shine. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

galad

light

_ n. _light, fire, brightness, shining. >> calad, Caras Galadon

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:84] < GAL. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gil-

prefix. spark

_ pref. _spark, often used for 'star'. Form of gail/geil in compounds. >> gail, geil, Gilgalad

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:23:152] < GIL shine (white). Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

glân

adjective. white, [bright shining] white; [N.] clear; [G.] pure, †bright; [ᴱN.] clean

nim

white

_adj. _white. >> Nimbrethil

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:19] < T. _nimbi _white. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

nim

white

_adj. _white (usual word). >> nimp, nimras

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:168] < _nimbĭ _< _nimpĭ_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

nim

adjective. white

Sindarin [PE17/019; PE17/168; SA/nim] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tin

noun. spark

_ n. _spark, sparkle (esp. used of the twinkle of stars). >> ithildin

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:39] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

tinu

noun. spark, small star

Sindarin [Ety/393, X/W] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tîn

spark

n. spark, star. Q. tinwe spark (Poet. star).

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:66] < TIN sparkle, spark. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

uilos

noun/adjective. always white, ever white as snow

Sindarin [RGEO/74, Letters/278, UT/55] ui- + loss "everlasting snow, ever (white as) snow. Group: SINDICT. Published by

uilos

noun/adjective. a small white everlasting flower also called simbelmynë or "evermind"

Sindarin [RGEO/74, Letters/278, UT/55] ui- + loss "everlasting snow, ever (white as) snow. Group: SINDICT. Published by

agol

noun. flash

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

faen

white

(radiant). No distinct pl. form.

fain

white

; no distinct pl. form.

gail

light

(adjective) 1) gail (bright), lenited ngail, no distinct pl. form (VT45:18), 2) lim (clear, sparkling), no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”fish”.

gail

light

(bright), lenited ngail, no distinct pl. form (VT45:18)

glaur

golden light

(i ’laur), pl. gloer (in gloer).

glaw

radiance

(i ’law), pl. gloe (in gloe)

glawar

sunlight

(i ’lawar) (gold, radiance of the Golden Tree Laurelin), pl. glewair (in glewair) if there is a pl. (VT41:10)

gloss

white as snow, dazzling white

(in compounds -los), lenited ’loss; pl. glyss.

glân

white

1) glân (clear), lenited lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”. 2) nimp (nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form. 3) faen (radiant). No distinct pl. form. 4) fain; no distinct pl. form.

glân

white

(clear), lenited ’lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”.

glóren

shining with golden light

(glórin-) (golden), lenited ’lóren; pl. glórin

gîl

silver glint

(i ngîl = i ñîl, o n’gîl = o ñgîl, construct gil) (star, bright spark), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gîl = i ñgîl), coll. pl. *giliath (RGEO, MR:388)*

lim

light

(clear, sparkling), no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”fish”.

nimp

white

(nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form.

rill

light

(construct ril) (brilliance, flame), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rill).

silevril

silmaril

(i Hilevril), no distinct pl. form except with article (i Silevril), coll. pl. Silevrillath. See also

thîl

radiance

; no distinct pl. form, coll. pl. ?thiliath.

tim

small star

(MR:388). Archaic tinw, so the coll. pl. is likely  tinwath. 3)

tint

spark

1) tint (i dint, o thint), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thint), coll. pl. tinnath; 2) tinu (i dinu, o thinu; also -din at the end of compounds), analogical pl. tiny (i thiny). The word is also used =

tint

spark

(i dint, o thint), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thint), coll. pl. tinnath

tinu

spark

(i dinu, o thinu; also -din at the end of compounds), analogical pl. tiny (i thiny). The word is also used =

Telerin 

alata

noun. radiance, glittering reflection

Telerin [PM/347; SA/kal] Group: Eldamo. Published by

cala

noun. light

nimbi

adjective. white

Telerin [PE17/019; PE17/049] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nimbi

adjective. white

About Nimrodel: "Nim is evidently the Telerin word nimbi 'white'." >> Nimrais >> Nimrodel

Telerin [PE17/49] Published by

Noldorin 

silevril

proper name. Silmaril

Noldorin term for a Silmaril appearing in Silmarillion drafts and The Etymologies from the 1930s (LR/202; Ety/MIR, RIL, SIL). It is a combination of silef “silver, shining white” and the root ᴹ√RIL “glitter”.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s, the Gnomish equivalent of Silmaril was Silubrilt (GL/67), a combination of Sil “Moon” and brithla “pearl” (LT1A/Silmarilli).

Noldorin [Ety/MIR; Ety/RIL; Ety/SIL; LR/202; LRI/Silmaril] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gal-

prefix. light

Noldorin [galvorn, etc.] Group: SINDICT. Published by

aglar

noun. glory, brilliance, splendour

Noldorin [Ety/348, S/427, LotR/II:I, LotR/VI:IV, RGEO/73, ] Group: SINDICT. Published by

aglarond

place name. Caves of Splendour

Noldorin [WR/076; WR/077; WRI/Aglarond] Group: Eldamo. Published by

brassen

adjective. white-hot

Noldorin [Ety/351] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calad

gerund noun. light

Noldorin [Ety/362, UT/65] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calad

noun. light

Noldorin [Ety/KAL; Ety/KIL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fein

noun/adjective. white

Noldorin [Ety/387, WR/288, RC/268, VT/46:15, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

fein

noun/adjective. cloud

Noldorin [Ety/387, WR/288, RC/268, VT/46:15, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gail

noun. bright light

Noldorin [Ety/362] Group: SINDICT. Published by

galad

noun. light

Noldorin [EtyAC/GAL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gildin

noun. silver spark

Noldorin [Ety/393] Group: SINDICT. Published by

glaur

noun. golden light (of the golden tree Laurelin)

Noldorin [Ety/358, Ety/368] Group: SINDICT. Published by

glaw

noun. radiance

Noldorin [Ety/362] Group: SINDICT. Published by

glaw

noun. radiance

glor-

noun. golden light (of the golden tree Laurelin)

Noldorin [Ety/358, Ety/368] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mirion

proper name. Silmaril

A Noldorin name for the Silmarils appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/MIR), some kind of elaboration on mîr “jewel”.

tinna-

verb. to glint

Noldorin [Ety/393] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tint

noun. spark

Noldorin [Ety/393] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tint

noun. spark

tinw

noun. spark, small star

Noldorin [Ety/393, X/W] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Quendya 

tithilla-

verb. twinkle

Quendya [PE 22:112] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

Adûnaic

aglar Speculative

noun. glory

An element of the name Aglarrâma that might be a noun meaning “glory”; see the entry for that name for further discussion.


Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Middle Primitive Elvish

ril

root. glitter

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/MBIRIL; Ety/RIL; Ety/SIL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rus

root. flash, glitter of metal

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/MAD; Ety/RUS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glā

noun. radiance

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/KAL; EtyAC/KAL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gālæ

noun. light

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/KAL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kalat

noun. light

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/56] Group: Eldamo. Published by

k’lā

noun. light

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/KAL; EtyAC/KAL; PE18/038; PE21/37] Group: Eldamo. Published by

span

root. white

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LEP; Ety/ÑGUR; Ety/ÓLOS; Ety/PHAY; Ety/SPAN; Ety/TĀ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

English

Glittering Caves

Glittering Caves

Aglarond is Sindarin and contains the elements aglar+rond, therefore "caves of glory". However since the word aglar is related to light, the Westron "Glittering Caves" can be the exact translation. The Rohirrim called them Glæmscrafu or Caverns of Helm's Deep.

English [Tolkien Gateway] Published by

Qenya 

mirilya-

verb. to glitter

sisilla-

verb. to glitter (white)

rilma

noun. glittering light

rilya

adjective. glittering

Qenya [Ety/RIL; EtyAC/RIL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tinde

noun. glint

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “a glint” derived from the root ᴹ√TIN “sparkle, emit slender (silver pale) beams” (Ety/TIN).

faire

noun. radiance

ilumíre

proper name. Silmaril

Another name for a Silmaril appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/IL), apparently a compound of ilu “world” and míre “jewel”.

kala

noun. light

kalina

adjective. light

ninqe

adjective. white

Qenya [Ety/NIK-W; PE21/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

noldomír(e)

proper name. Silmaril

Another name for a Silmaril appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s, a compound of Noldo and míre “jewel” (Ety/ÑGOLOD).

Qenya [Ety/ÑGOLOD; EtyAC/ÑGOL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

silmaril

proper name. Silmaril

Qenya [Ety/MIR; Ety/RIL; Ety/SIL; LRI/Silmaril; TII/Silmaril; WRI/Silmaril] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tithilla-

verb. to twinkle

Qenya [PE22/100; PE22/112] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

winwinoite

adjective. glittering

Early Quenya [QL/104] Group: Eldamo. Published by

alkar

noun. glory

Early Quenya [GL/39] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lossa

adjective. white

Early Quenya [MC/213; MC/216; PE16/092] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ninqe

adjective. white

Early Quenya [GL/60; LT1A/Nielíqui; LT1A/Taniquetil; MC/213; MC/220; PE13/164; PE14/045; PE14/048; PE14/077; PE14/080; PE15/78; PE16/056; PE16/057; PE16/060; PE16/062; PE16/064; PE16/072; PE16/074; PE16/077; PE16/081; PE16/100; PE16/140; PME/066; QL/066] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Doriathrin

brilthor

place name. Glittering Torrent

Doriathrin [Ety/MBIRIL; Ety/THOR; LRI/Brilthor; SMI/Brilthor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gôl

noun. light

A (rejected?) Doriathrin noun for “light” derived from primitive ᴹ✶gālæ appearing in The Etymologies (Ety/KAL, EtyAC/KAL). According to Christopher Tolkien’s notes, it was part of a rejected etymology for the name Thingol, but it isn’t clear whether this noun was rejected or if it was just the etymology. Its long primitive vowel [[ilk|[ā] became [ō]]] as was the norm in Ilkorin.

Doriathrin [Ety/KAL; EtyAC/KAL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

aglath

noun. glory

sint

noun. spark

agla

noun. flash

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s given as G. agla “flash” (GL/42); Tolkien made a point that it was not connected to G. augla “ray of sunlight, sunbeam” (GL/20), and thus it was likely derived from the early root ᴱ√KALA (QL/44). In the Gnomish Lexicon Slips it was revised from {aglan or agl >>} aglen “a flash” (PE13/108). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s this became {aglen >>} ᴱN. aglann “ray of light” (PE13/136, 158).

Neo-Sindarin: I think this word can be adapted to Neo-Sindarin as ᴺS. agol “flash”, where the -ol is the usual result of a syllabified final l: ✱agl(a) > agḷ > agol. I would adapt the pre-revision Gnomish form because I think the Early Noldorin form is better as ᴺS. aglan “ray of light”, and agol also happens to compatible with early 1950s ✶ak’la- “shine out, flash” (PE18/87).

Gnomish [GL/17; PE13/108] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aglar

noun. glory

Gnomish [GL/17; GL/39; PE13/108] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aglen

noun. flash

gaul

noun. light

tintiltha-

verb. to twinkle

Gnomish [GL/70; LT1A/Tinwë Linto] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

aglar

noun. glory

Early Noldorin [PE13/136; PE13/158] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glaiw

noun. light

Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

niqi

root. white

Early Primitive Elvish [LT1A/Taniquetil; QL/066] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sṇtyṇ

root. twinkle

Early Primitive Elvish [QL/085] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tini

root. twinkle

Early Primitive Elvish [GL/70; LT1A/Tinwë Linto; QL/092] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

phaire

noun. radiance

Old Noldorin [Ety/PHAY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Ancient telerin

nimbi

adjective. white

Ancient telerin [PE17/019; PE17/049] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Valarin 

ithīr

noun. light