Quenya 

ata

again

ata adv. "again", also prefix ata-, at- "back, again, re-; second time, double" (AT(AT), PE17:166, cf. ataquanta-, ataquetië) or "two" (PE17:166), also "ambi-" as in ataformaitë, q.v.

atar

father

atar noun "father" (SA; WJ:402, UT:193, LT1:255, VT43:37, VT44:12). According to the Etymologies (ATA) the pl. is atari, but contrast #atári in Atanatári "Fathers of Men" (q.v.); possibly the word behaves differently when compounded. Atarinya "my father" (LR:70), atar(inya) the form a child would use addressing his or her father, also reduced to atya (VT47:26). Diminutive masc. name Atarincë ("k") "Little father", amilessë (never used in narrative) of Curufinwë = Curufin (PM:353). Átaremma, Ataremma "our Father" as the first word of the Quenya translation of the Lord's Prayer, written before Tolkien changed -mm- as the marker of 1st person pl. exclusive to -lm-; notice -e- as a connecting vowel before the ending -mma "our". In some versions of the Lord's Prayer, including the final version, the initial a of atar "father" is lengthened, producing #átar. This may be a contraction of *a atar "o Father", or the vowel may be lengthened to give special emphasis to #Átar "Father" as a religious title (VT43:13). However, in VT44:12 Atar is also a vocative form referring to God, and yet the initial vowel remains short.

atar

noun. father

Quenya [PE 22:118] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

atar

noun. father

The Quenya word for “father”, derived from the root √AT(AR) (PM/324; WJ/402; VT48/19).

Conceptual Development: ᴱQ. atar “father” dates all the way back to the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, though in that document it was “a more solemn word ... usually to 1st Person of the Blessed Trinity”, as opposed to more ordinary ᴱQ. attu “father” (QL/33). In the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s, ᴱQ. atar was the ordinary word for “father”, but with variant archaic form †attar (PE15/72). ᴹQ. atar “father” reappeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of the root ᴹ√ATA of the same meaning (Ety/ATA). It appeared again in the Quenya Verbal System of the 1940s in various inflected forms (PE22/118-119). It continued to appear regularly in Tolkien’s later writings. Thus this word was established early and retained its form throughout Tolkien’s life with only minor variations.

Cognates

  • S. adar “father” ✧ PM/324

Derivations

Element in

Variations

  • atar ✧ PM/324; SA/atar; UT/193; VT43/37; WJ/402
  • Atar ✧ VT44/16
Quenya [PM/324; SA/atar; UT/186; UT/193; UT/273; VT43/13; VT43/37; VT44/16; VT47/26; WJ/402] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atta

cardinal. two

atta (1) cardinal "two" (AT(AT), Letters:427, VT42:26, 27, VT48:6, 19). Elen atta "two stars" (VT49:44); notice how a noun is indeclinable before this numeral, and any case endings are "singular" and added to the numeral rather than the noun, e.g. genitive elen atto "of two stars" (VT49:45). Attalyar "Bipeds" (sg. *Attalya) = Petty-dwarves (from Sindarin Tad-dail) (WJ:389). A word atta_ "again" was struck out; see the entry _TAT in Etym and cf. ata in this list.

atta

cardinal. two

Cognates

  • Ad. satta “two”
  • S. tâd “two” ✧ PE17/095; VT42/26; VT48/06
  • T. tata “two” ✧ VT42/26; VT48/06

Derivations

  • (a)tata “two” ✧ VT42/27
    • ATATA “two, two; [ᴹ√] again, back” ✧ VT42/27
  • atta “two” ✧ VT48/19
    • ATATA “two, two; [ᴹ√] again, back” ✧ VT48/19

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
atata > atta[atata] > [atta]✧ VT42/27
atta > atta[atta]✧ VT48/19
Quenya [Let/427; PE17/095; VT42/26; VT42/27; VT48/06; VT48/19; VT49/44; VT49/45] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atto

father, daddy

atto noun "father, daddy" (hypocoristic)(ATA, LR:49), supposedly a word in "actual 'family' use" (VT47:26), also used in children's play for "thumb" and "big toe" (VT47:10, 26, VT48:4, 6). The dual form attat listed in VT48:19 seems to be formed from the alternative form atta, though attat was changed by Tolkien from attot. - Compare atya.

Návatar

father

Návatar noun a title of Aulë referring to his position as the immediate author of the Dwarvish race, apparently including atar "father", but the first element cannot be related to any known term for "Dwarf" (PM:391 cf. 381)

nan

adverb. again

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

satto

cardinal. two

satto, "Qenya" numeral "two" (in Tolkiens later Quenya atta) (VT49:54)

pontë

back, rear

pontë (ponti-) noun "back, rear" (QL:75)

opto

noun. back

Quenya [PE 22:50n] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

catta

noun. back

A neologism for “back” coined by Paul Strack in 2022 specifically for Eldamo, based on Q. ca(ta) “behind, at back of place”. This word can refer to the back of body as well as the back of other things.

Elements

WordGloss
ca(ta)“behind, at back of place, behind, at back of place; [ᴹQ.] after”
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

yuitë

adjective. dual

An adjective for “dual”, a combination of yu- “both” and the suffix -itë. Also used as a grammatical term.

Elements

WordGloss
yu-“both, both, [ᴱQ.] twice”
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Sindarin 

tad

cardinal. two

Sindarin [Ety/349, Ety/391, WJ/388, VT/42:25-27, VT/48:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

adar

noun. father

Sindarin [Ety/349, PM/324, MR/373, LotR/II:II, VT/44:21-22] Group: SINDICT. Published by

adar

noun. father

The Sindarin word for “father”, derived from the root √AT(AR) (PM/324; VT44/21-22; VT48/19).

Conceptual Development: N. adar “father” also appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of the root ᴹ√ATA of the same meaning (Ety/ATA). In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, however, G. †ador “father” was marked as archaic, and it seems {athon >>} G. nathon was the ordinary word for ”father” (GL/17, 59).

Cognates

  • Q. atar “father” ✧ PM/324

Derivations

Element in

Variations

  • Adar ✧ VT44/22
Sindarin [PM/324; VT44/22; VT48/17] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atheg

noun. "litte father"

Sindarin [VT/48:6,17] Group: SINDICT. Published by

atheg

noun. thumb (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

Sindarin [VT/48:6,17] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tâd

cardinal. two

Sindarin [Ety/349, Ety/391, WJ/388, VT/42:25-27, VT/48:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tâd

cardinal. two

Cognates

  • Q. atta “two” ✧ PE17/095; VT42/26; VT48/06

Derivations

  • (a)tata “two” ✧ PE17/014; VT42/27
    • ATATA “two, two; [ᴹ√] again, back” ✧ VT42/27

Element in

  • S. tad-dal “two-legged, two-legged, *biped”
  • S. tadui “second” ✧ VT42/25
  • ᴺS. taphaen “twenty”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
atata > (a)táta > tad[atata] > [tata] > [tat] > [tad] > [tād]✧ VT42/27

Variations

  • tad ✧ PE17/014 (tad); PE17/095; VT42/26; VT42/27; VT48/06
Sindarin [PE17/014; PE17/095; VT42/25; VT42/26; VT42/27; VT48/06] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ad

suffix. dual

The Sindarin dual was almost certainly derived from the same primitive form ✶ata as the Quenya dual ending -t, indicating this ending was ancient in form. The other Quenya dual, -u, would not have been active in Sindarin since final vowels were lost.

Tolkien stated (Let/427) that this ending was archaic and lost, but did not state when it disappeared. The ending may have still been active in the First Age. The ending appears in the day-name Orgaladhad “Day of the Two Trees”. Since the Sindar had no direct experience with the trees, this word was likely adopted from its Quenya cognate Aldúya when the Noldor and Sindar were reunited.

Cognates

  • Q. -t “dual ending”

Derivations

  • ata “numerative dual ending”

Element in

  • S. Methiriad “?End of Two Rivers”
  • S. nobad “thumb and index finger as a pair, *(lit.) pickers”

Variations

  • -d ✧ Let/427

ada

father

(pl. edai)

adar

father

adar (pl. edair);

adar

father

(pl. edair);

ad

again

(as prefix) ad-, also meaning "back, second, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".

ad

again

also meaning "back, second, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".

tâd

cardinal. two

1) tâd (in compounds tad-, as in tad-dal ”two-legged”), 2) (adjectival prefix) ui- (twi-, both).

tâd

two

(in compounds tad-, as in tad-dal ”two-legged”)

ad

back

(as prefix) ad-, also meaning "second, again, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".

ad

back

also meaning "second, again, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".

tad-dal

two-legged

(lenited dad-dal), pl. tad-dail.

adanadar

father of men

normally pl. Edenedair "Fathers of Men", the early Edain.

dan

back

(prep.) dan (lenited nan) (again, against);

dan

back

(lenited nan) (again, against);

ui

two

(twi-, both).

eden

begun again

(new), pl. edin

Telerin 

atta

noun. father

Cognates

  • Q. atto “daddy, father (familiar/family)” ✧ VT48/06

Element in

  • T. attacë “father [diminutive]; *daddy” ✧ VT48/06

tata

cardinal. two

Cognates

  • Q. atta “two” ✧ VT42/26; VT48/06

Derivations

  • (a)tata “two” ✧ VT42/27
    • ATATA “two, two; [ᴹ√] again, back” ✧ VT42/27

Variations

  • tat ✧ VT48/06
Telerin [VT42/26; VT42/27; VT48/06] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Adûnaic

satta

noun. two

The Adûnaic number “two” (SD/428). It seems likely that it is related to Q. atta “two”, as suggested by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne (AAD/22), though it is unclear how the initial s- might have developed in the Adûnaic. It may also be related to the Adûnaic dual suffix -at, as suggested by Andreas Moehn (EotAL/SAT).

Cognates

Derivations

attô

noun. father

A noun for “father” (SD/434). Tolkien gave two forms of this word, attû and attô, with no indication as to which would be preferred. For reasons similar to those given in the entry for ammê “mother”, my guess is that attû is an archaic form, and attô was preferred by the time of Classical Adûnaic. This word is probably related to the Elvish root √AT(AR) “father”, perhaps from Primitive Elvish ᴹ✶atū.

Derivations

Variations

  • attū/attō ✧ SD/434

Primitive elvish

ata

suffix. numerative dual ending

Derivatives

  • Ad. -at “dual suffix”
  • Q. -t “dual ending” ✧ Let/427
  • S. -ad “dual”
Primitive elvish [Let/427] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atar

noun. father

Derivations

Derivatives

Variations

  • atan ✧ PE21/71; PE21/83
  • átar ✧ PE21/74; PE21/75; PE21/76
  • atta ✧ PE21/83
  • atto ✧ PE21/83
Primitive elvish [PE21/71; PE21/74; PE21/75; PE21/76; PE21/77; PE21/83] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atta

cardinal. two

Derivations

  • ATATA “two, two; [ᴹ√] again, back” ✧ VT48/19

Derivatives

  • Q. atta “two” ✧ VT48/19
  • S. -ath “collective or group plural” ✧ VT48/19

Element in

Variations

  • Atta ✧ NM/060
  • Tata ✧ NM/060
Primitive elvish [NM/060; PE21/74; VT48/19] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tata

masculine name. Two

Element in

Primitive elvish [NM/055; NM/060; WJ/380; WJ/421; WJI/Tata] Group: Eldamo. Published by

at

root. two, double, bi-, di-; back, re-; across, over, lying from side to side, two, double, bi-, di-; back, re-, [ᴹ√] again, twice; [ᴱ√] dual; [√] across, over, lying from side to side

As the main root for “two”, √AT dates all the way back to the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s where ᴱ√ATA appeared with the gloss “dual” (QL/33). At this very early stage, its derivatives had mainly to do with pairs such as ᴱQ. aqi “a brace, a couple of, both” and at- “bi-, twi-”, whereas the earliest Quenya word for “two” was ᴱQ. yúyo (PE14/49). Later on, Q. yúyo became “both” whereas “two” became Q. atta.

In The Etymologies of the 1930s this root appeared as ᴹ√AT(AT) (Ety/AT(AT)) with variants ᴹ√ATTA which became the basis for Quenya atta “two” (Ety/ATTA) and ᴹ√TATA which became the basis for Noldorin tâd “two” (Ety/TATA); these numerals retained this form thereafter into the Quenya and Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s (VT42/24-26). In the 1930s, the ᴹ√TATA variant took on the sense “double” in Quenya, and the ᴹ√ATTA variant took on the sense “across” in Noldorin. The base root ᴹ√AT had the sense “again, back”, as seen in both Quenya and Noldorin prefixes ᴹQ. at(a)-, N. ad- “back, again, re-” (Ety/AT(AT)).

This root continued to appear in the 1950s and 1960s, retaining its various meanings of “two” (VT42/27), “back, again” (PE17/148) and “across” (VT43/33). Tolkien explored the origin and development of this root at some length in his essays on Elvish numerals from the late 1960s, connecting it to √AT(AR) “father” via various Elvish finger names (VT48/19).

Changes

  • ATAT(A) “a second time, once more, again” ✧ VT42/26

Derivatives

  • at “once again”
  • Q. at(a)- “double, second time, double, [repeat a] second time; [ᴱQ.] bi-, twi-; [ᴹQ.] back, again, re-” ✧ PE17/166
  • S. ad- “back, again, re-” ✧ PE17/167
  • S. adu “double”

Element in

  • ATATA “two, two; [ᴹ√] again, back” ✧ VT42/27
  • at-kwet “answer” ✧ PE17/166
  • ᴺQ. ahtar- “to do back, react; to requite, avenge”
  • Q. ahtar- “to do back, react; to requite, avenge” ✧ PE17/166
  • S. achar- “to avenge, do back, react, requite” ✧ PE17/166
  • S. acharn “vengeance, (an act of) revenge” ✧ PE17/166

Variations

  • AT(A) ✧ PE17/148; PE17/166; VT42/26
  • ATA ✧ PE17/167; PE21/74
  • at(a) ✧ VT42/26
  • ata- ✧ VT43/33
Primitive elvish [PE17/148; PE17/166; PE17/167; PE21/74; VT42/26; VT42/27; VT42/31; VT43/33] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atata

root. two, two; [ᴹ√] again, back

Derivatives

  • (a)tata “two” ✧ VT42/27
    • Q. atta “two” ✧ VT42/27
    • S. athra- “to cross (to and fro)” ✧ PE17/014
    • S. tâd “two” ✧ PE17/014; VT42/27
    • T. tata “two” ✧ VT42/27
  • atta “two” ✧ VT48/19
    • Q. atta “two” ✧ VT48/19
    • S. -ath “collective or group plural” ✧ VT48/19
  • S. taid “supporting, second in command”

Element in

  • atatya “double” ✧ VT42/27

Variations

  • AT-TA ✧ PE17/148; PE17/166 (AT-TA)
  • ATTA ✧ PE21/74; VT42/24
  • TATA ✧ PE21/74; VT42/24
  • Atat ✧ VT42/27
  • tat(ă) ✧ VT48/19
Primitive elvish [PE17/148; PE17/166; PE21/74; VT42/24; VT42/27; VT48/19] Group: Eldamo. Published by

at(ar)

root. father

As the basis for “father” words, √AT and its extended form √ATAR date all the way back to Tolkien’s earliest ideas. The root itself did not explicitly appear in the Qenya or Gnomish Lexicons of the 1910s, but forms like ᴱQ. atar, G. †ador “father” indicate its presence (QL/33; GL/17). The root ᴹ√ATA “father” did appear in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives ᴹQ. atar, N. adar (Ety/ATA) and the base √AT(AR) “father” was mentioned again in late 1960s notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals (VT48/19). In this late period, the Elvish words for “father” remained Q. atar and S. adar (PM/324).

Derivatives

  • Ad. attô “father”
  • atar “father”
  • Q. atto “daddy, father (familiar/family)” ✧ VT48/19
  • Q. tata “*daddy”

Element in

  • Q. atamir “heirloom”
  • Q. atya “daddy, (my) father” ✧ VT48/19
  • S. advir “heirloom”

Variations

  • at/atar ✧ VT48/19
Primitive elvish [VT48/19] Group: Eldamo. Published by

(a)tata

cardinal. two

Derivations

  • ATATA “two, two; [ᴹ√] again, back” ✧ VT42/27

Derivatives

  • Q. atta “two” ✧ VT42/27
  • S. athra- “to cross (to and fro)” ✧ PE17/014
  • S. tâd “two” ✧ PE17/014; VT42/27
  • T. tata “two” ✧ VT42/27

Element in

  • Tata “Two” ✧ WJ/421
  • Tatie ✧ WJ/421

Variations

  • atta- ✧ PE17/014 (atta-)
  • atata ✧ VT42/27
  • atta/tata ✧ WJ/421
Primitive elvish [PE17/014; VT42/27; WJ/421] Group: Eldamo. Published by

khan

root. back

Derivatives

  • Q. han- “*back as an answer or return by another agent” ✧ PE17/166

Variations

  • KHAN ✧ PE17/157; PE17/166
Primitive elvish [PE17/157; PE17/166] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tō/oto

root. back

A root in a discussion of prefixes for “back” from around 1959, which Tolkien specified as meaning: “back as an answer, or return by another agent to an action affecting him, as in answering, replying, avenging, requiting, repaying, rewarding”; Tolkien also considered the forms √UTU/TŪ (PE17/166). But Tolkien crossed this all through and seems to have replaced it with √KHAN. Tolkien mentioned the root √OT in a discussion of numbers from the late 1960s, but only to specify that “there was no primitive base OT-” (VT47/16).

Element in

  • Q. tóquet- “to answer” ✧ PE17/166

Variations

  • TŌ/OT(O) ✧ PE17/166 (TŌ/OT(O)); PE17/187 (TŌ/OT(O))
  • OT ✧ PE17/167; VT47/16 (OT)
  • OT(O) ✧ PE17/171 (OT(O))
  • ✧ PE17/188 ()
  • UTU/TŪ ✧ PE17/189 (UTU/TŪ)
Primitive elvish [PE17/166; PE17/167; PE17/171; PE17/187; PE17/188; PE17/189; VT47/16] Group: Eldamo. Published by

we

root. dual

A primitive “dual” element mentioned in notes on numbers from the late 1960s, contributing to the forms of primitive ✶enekwe “six” and ✶yun(e)kwe “twelve” in the Quenya branch of Elvish, as well as the ancient 1st person inclusive pronoun ✶ñwe (VT48/10). It was probably related to the ancient dual suffix ✶ (Let/427). It was also likely a later iteration the dual root ᴱ√WI from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s which was likewise connected to dual U (QL/33). This early root was mentioned in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon as ᴱ✶u̯i (GL/45).

Variations

  • we ✧ VT48/10
Primitive elvish [VT48/10] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

ada

noun. father, daddy

Noldorin [Ety/349] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tad

cardinal. two

Noldorin [Ety/349, Ety/391, WJ/388, VT/42:25-27, VT/48:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

adar

noun. father

Noldorin [Ety/349, PM/324, MR/373, LotR/II:II, VT/44:21-22] Group: SINDICT. Published by

adar

noun. father

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. atar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶atar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
    • ᴹ√ATA “father” ✧ Ety/ATA

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶atar > adar[atar] > [adar]✧ Ety/ATA
ᴹ✶atar > edeir > eder[atarī] > [atari] > [eteri] > [eteir] > [edeir] > [eder]✧ Ety/ATA

tâd

cardinal. two

Noldorin [Ety/349, Ety/391, WJ/388, VT/42:25-27, VT/48:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tâd

cardinal. two

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. atta “two” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TATA “two” ✧ Ety/AT(AT); Ety/TATA

Element in

  • N. tadol “double” ✧ Ety/TATA

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√TATA > tâd[tata] > [tat] > [tad] > [tād]✧ Ety/TATA

Variations

  • tad ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
Noldorin [Ety/AT(AT); Ety/TATA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ad-

prefix. back, again, re-

Noldorin [Ety/349, VT/45:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

ata

adverb. again, *(lit.) a second time

Derivations

  • ᴹ√AT “back, again, twice; two” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√AT(AT) > ata[ata]✧ Ety/AT(AT)

atar

noun. father

Cognates

  • N. adar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
  • Ilk. adar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶atar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
    • ᴹ√ATA “father” ✧ Ety/ATA

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶atar > atar[atar]✧ Ety/ATA
Qenya [Ety/ATA; LR/061; PE22/018; PE22/046; PE22/047; PE22/118; PE22/119] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atta

cardinal. two

Cognates

  • N. tâd “two” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ATTA “two” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
  • ᴹ√AT “back, again, twice; two” ✧ Ety/TATA

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ATTA > atta[atta]✧ Ety/AT(AT)
ᴹ√AT(AT) > atta[atta]✧ Ety/TATA
Qenya [Ety/AT(AT); Ety/TATA; PE22/017; PE22/044] Group: Eldamo. Published by

opto

noun. back

Derivations

  • ᴱ√POT-I “*back, behind, after”

Doriathrin

adar

noun. father

The Ilkorin word for “father” derived from primitive ᴹ✶atar[ă], also attested in its plural form edrin (Ety/ATA). It is identical to its Noldorin cognate N. adar having undergone similar phonetic changes from its primitive form, possibly ✱✶atară.

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. atar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶atar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
    • ᴹ√ATA “father” ✧ Ety/ATA

Element in

  • Ilk. adda “father (hypocoristic)” ✧ Ety/ATA

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶atar > adar[atara] > [atar] > [adar]✧ Ety/ATA
Doriathrin [Ety/ATA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

dôn

noun. back

A Doriathrin word for “back” explicitly marked as a noun (Ety/NDAN). Its primitive form might have been ✱✶ndān, so that the primitive long [[ilk|[ā] became [ō]]] and the [[ilk|initial nasal [n] was lost before the stop]] (as suggested by Helge Fauskanger, AL-Doriathrin/dôn).

Derivations

  • ᴹ√(N)DAN “back, backwards” ✧ Ety/NDAN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√NDAN > dôn[ndān] > [ndōn] > [dōn]✧ Ety/NDAN
Doriathrin [Ety/NDAN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

ata

root. father

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶atar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
    • Ilk. adar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
    • ᴹQ. atar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
    • N. adar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
  • ᴹ✶atū “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
    • ᴹQ. atto “father (hypocoristic)” ✧ Ety/ATA
  • N. ada “father (hypocoristic), father (hypocoristic), [G.] daddy” ✧ Ety/ATA
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ATA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atar

noun. father

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ATA “father” ✧ Ety/ATA

Derivatives

  • Ilk. adar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
  • ᴹQ. atar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA
  • N. adar “father” ✧ Ety/ATA

Variations

  • at(t)ā̆r ✧ PE21/66
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ATA; PE21/66] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atat

root. again, back

Middle Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

atta

root. two

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. atta “two” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
  • N. ath- “on both sides, across” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/AT(AT); Ety/TATA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atta

cardinal. two

Derivations

  • ᴹ√AT “back, again, twice; two” ✧ PE21/63
Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/63] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tata

root. two

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. tanta “double” ✧ Ety/TATA
  • ᴹQ. tatya- “to double, repeat” ✧ Ety/TATA
  • N. tâd “two” ✧ Ety/AT(AT); Ety/TATA

Variations

  • TAT ✧ Ety/AT(AT); Ety/TATA (TAT)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/AT(AT); Ety/TATA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

at

root. back, again, twice; two

Changes

  • ATA²AT(AT) ✧ Ety/AT(AT)

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶atta “two” ✧ PE21/63
  • ᴹQ. at(a)- “back, again, re-” ✧ Ety/AT(AT); Ety/TATA
  • ᴹQ. ata “again, *(lit.) a second time” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
  • ᴹQ. atta “two” ✧ Ety/TATA
  • ᴹQ. atwa “double” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
  • N. ad- “back, again, re-” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
  • Ilk. ado “double” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
  • N. ath- “on both sides, across” ✧ Ety/RAT
  • N. eden “new, begun again” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)

Element in

  • ᴹ√ATTA “two” ✧ Ety/AT(AT)
  • N. athrad “ford, crossing” ✧ Ety/RAT

Variations

  • AT(AT) ✧ Ety/AT(AT); Ety/RAT; Ety/TATA (AT(AT))
  • ATA ✧ Ety/TATA
  • ATA² ✧ EtyAC/AT(AT) (ATA²)
  • at ✧ PE21/55
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/AT(AT); Ety/RAT; Ety/TATA; EtyAC/AT(AT); PE21/55; PE21/63] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atū

noun. father

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ATA “father” ✧ Ety/ATA

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. atto “father (hypocoristic)” ✧ Ety/ATA
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ATA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

yat

root. join

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶yantā “yoke” ✧ Ety/YAT
    • ᴹQ. yanta “yoke” ✧ Ety/YAT
    • N. iant “yoke” ✧ Ety/YAT
  • ᴹ✶yatmā ✧ Ety/YAT
    • Ilk. adhum “bridge” ✧ Ety/YAT
    • ᴹQ. yanwe “bridge, joining, isthmus” ✧ Ety/YAT
    • N. ianw “bridge” ✧ Ety/YAT
    • On. yanme “bridge” ✧ Ety/YAT
    • N. ianw “bridge”
  • ᴹ✶yatta “across” ✧ Ety/YAT
    • N. iath “across” ✧ EtyAC/YAT
  • ᴹQ. yatta “narrow neck, isthmus, (narrow) neck, isthmus; *(lit.) joining” ✧ EtyAC/YAK
  • ᴺS. iâd “waist; isthmus”
  • N. iant “yoke” ✧ Ety/YAT

Element in

  • ᴹQ. helyanwe “rainbow, (lit.) sky-bridge, rainbow, (lit.) sky-bridge, *sky-joining” ✧ Ety/ƷEL

Variations

  • YATH ✧ EtyAC/YAK (YATH)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ƷEL; Ety/YAT; EtyAC/YAK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

atha

cardinal. two

Changes

  • athaatha “two” ✧ GL/20

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ATA “dual”

Element in

  • G. athla “twice” ✧ GL/20 (athla)
  • G. athron “second, other” ✧ GL/20 (athron)
  • G. athru “secondly, once more, again” ✧ GL/20 (athru)
  • G. athwi “both” ✧ GL/20 (athwi)

Variations

  • atha ✧ GL/20 (atha)

bâb

noun. father

A word for “father” in the Gnomish Lexicon Slips (PE13/111). In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s itself, G. babi or baba was “mummy, mamma” (GL/21, 57). As pointed out by Gilson, Welden, Hostetter and Wynne, there is a complementary change of {nân “father” >>} G. nân “mother” elsewhere in the Gnomish Lexicon Slips (PE13/115).

ador

noun. father

Cognates

  • Eq. atar “father”

Derivations

nathon

noun. father

Element in

  • G. nathanwi “fatherhood” ✧ GL/17 (athonri); GL/59

Variations

  • athon ✧ GL/17 (athon)
Gnomish [GL/17; GL/59] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-tt

suffix. dual

Cognates

  • Eq. -t “dual” ✧ GG/10

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶-ttǝ “dual” ✧ GG/10

Derivatives

  • G. -th “plural suffix” ✧ GG/10

-ui

suffix. dual

-wi

suffix. dual

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶u̯i ✧ GL/45
    • ᴱ√WI “dual”

Element in

  • G. gadwi “twins” ✧ GL/37

Variations

  • -wi ✧ GG/11; GL/37 (-wi); GL/45
  • -ui ✧ GL/45
Gnomish [GG/11; GL/37; GL/45] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

bod

adverb. back

Cognates

  • Eq. pote “after, behind (of place)” ✧ PE13/139

Derivations

  • ᴱ√POT-I “*back, behind, after” ✧ PE13/139

Element in

  • En. bod- “back, back, [G.] again; un- (= backwards)” ✧ PE13/139
Early Noldorin [PE13/139] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bod-

prefix. back, back, [G.] again; un- (= backwards)

Changes

  • vod-bod- ✧ PE13/139

Element in

  • En. bodruith “revenge” ✧ PE13/139
  • En. bodamros “that lives again, renewed, renovated” ✧ PE13/137
  • En. bodamrost “resurrection” ✧ PE13/137

Variations

  • vod- ✧ PE13/139 (vod-)
Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/139] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bôn

noun. back

Changes

  • bodnbón ✧ PE13/139

Cognates

  • Eq. ponte “back, rear” ✧ PE13/139

Derivations

Variations

  • bón ✧ PE13/139
  • bodn ✧ PE13/139 (bodn)
Early Noldorin [PE13/139] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

ata

root. dual

Derivatives

  • Eq. aqi “a brace, a couple of, both” ✧ QL/033
  • Eq. at- “bi-, twi-” ✧ QL/033
  • G. atha “two”

Element in

  • Eq. atwen “twenty” ✧ QL/033

Variations

  • ATA ✧ QL/033
Early Primitive Elvish [QL/033] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ẏata

root. join

Derivatives

  • ᴱ✶yatt- ✧ GL/36
    • G. gath “neck” ✧ GL/36
  • Eq. yarta “yoke” ✧ QL/105
  • Eq. yanta “joined”
  • Eq. yatta “neck; isthmus” ✧ QL/105
  • G. gad(a) “joint, link; small lane, track; isthmus” ✧ GL/36
  • G. gadr “joint, link of chain” ✧ GL/36
  • G. gôd “joint, link of chain” ✧ GL/36
  • En. gaduin “bond, obstacle, hindrance”
  • G. godra “joined, united, joint” ✧ GL/36
  • G. gada- “to join, connect, unite” ✧ GL/36
  • G. gadu “joined, connected” ✧ GL/36

Variations

  • yat- ✧ GL/36
Early Primitive Elvish [GL/36; QL/105] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-ttǝ

suffix. dual

Derivatives

  • Eq. -t “dual” ✧ GG/10
  • G. -tt “dual” ✧ GG/10
    • G. -th “plural suffix” ✧ GG/10

Variations

  • ntǝ ✧ GG/10
Early Primitive Elvish [GG/10] Group: Eldamo. Published by

u

root. dual

Early Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

wi

root. dual

Derivatives

  • ᴱ✶u̯i
    • Eq. ui “*two”
    • G. gwi- “twi-, bi-, di-” ✧ GL/45
    • G. uith “both”
    • G. -wi “dual” ✧ GL/45

Variations

  • WI- ✧ QL/033
  • U ✧ QL/033
Early Primitive Elvish [QL/033] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ata Reconstructed

root. ATA

Derivatives

  • Eq. atar “father”
  • Eq. atta “father (child’s word)”
  • Eq. attu “father”
  • G. (n)ada “daddy, father”
  • G. ador “father”
Early Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

atar

noun. father

Cognates

  • G. ador “father”

Derivations

Element in

  • Eq. Ainatar “God, (lit.) Holy Father”
  • Eq. Ilúvatar “Heavenly Father, Sky-father; Lord for Always” ✧ LT1A/Ilúvatar

Variations

  • attar ✧ PE15/72 (attar)
  • Atar ✧ QL/033
Early Quenya [LT1A/Ilúvatar; PE14/077; PE15/72; PE15/76; PME/033; QL/033] Group: Eldamo. Published by

atto

noun. father

attu

noun. father

Derivations

Variations

  • atto ✧ PE16/135
  • tatto ✧ PE16/135
Early Quenya [PE16/135; PME/033; QL/033] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tatto

noun. father

-t

suffix. dual

Cognates

  • G. -tt “dual” ✧ GG/10

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶-ttǝ “dual” ✧ GG/10
Early Quenya [GG/10] Group: Eldamo. Published by

yúyo

cardinal. two

Element in

Early Quenya [PE14/049; PE14/050; PE14/076; PE14/082; PE14/083] Group: Eldamo. Published by