celumë ("k")noun "stream, flow" (KEL, LT1:257); locative pl. celumessen ("k") in Markirya (ëar-celumessen is translated "in the flowing sea", lit. *"in sea-streams").
Quenya
celu
stream
sirea
adjective. flowing, liquid
celumë
stream, flow
sirya
river
#sirya noun "river", attested in the dual form siryat (VT47:11). Compare sírë.
sír(ë)
noun. river, river, [ᴱQ.] stream
The most common Quenya word for “river”, derived from the root √SIR “flow”.
Conceptual Development: This word first appeared as ᴱQ. sīre “stream” as a derivative of ᴱ√SIŘI [SIÐI] (QL/84), and this form and gloss also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/84). The form ᴹQ. siri- “river” appeared in the Declension of Nouns (DN) from the early 1930s, along with uninflected sire with short i and various inflected forms with siry- (PE21/10). The form sīre “river” with long ī appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of ᴹ√SIR “flow” (Ety/SIR; EtyAC/SIR). In several notes from the mid-1960s, it appeared in monosyllabic form sír (PE17/65) or sīr (VT49/17), but it had dual form siryat from the late 1960s implying a stem form of sirĭ- and a development similar to that of DN from the early 1930s (VT47/11).
Neo-Eldarin: Its form síre is probably better known and more commonly used in Neo-Quenya. For example this is the typical form in Helge Fauskanger’s NQNT (NQNT).
Cognates
- S. sîr “river, stream”
Derivations
- √SIR “flow”
Element in
- ᴺQ. anasirë “tributary”
- Q. caitas lá i sír “it is beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
- Q. caitas palla i sír “it is far beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
- Q. imbë siryat “between two rivers” ✧ VT47/11
- ᴺQ. lantasírë “waterfall, (lit.) falling river”
- Q. lendes lann’ i sír “he came (to a point) beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
- Q. lendes pallan(na) i sír “he came (to a point) far beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
- Q. Siril
Variations
- sír ✧ PE17/065
- sīr ✧ VT49/17
sírë
river
sírë noun "river" (SIR, VT46:13), "stream" (LT1:265). Also short form sír, q.v.Compare #sirya.
sirya-
verb. to flow, to flow [smoothly]
Derivations
sirilla
flowing
sirilla participle *"flowing", "Qenya" participle of siri- "flow" (Narqelion, cf. QL:xiv)
sír
river
sír noun "river", shorter form of sirë (PE17:65, VT49:17)
celusindi
river
celusindi _("k")_noun "river" (LT1:257; hardly a valid word in Tolkien's later Quenya, where the terms sírë and sirya appear instead)
nen
river
nen noun "river" (LT1:248), "river, water" (LT1:262) (In Tolkien's later Quenya, nén with a long vowel means "water", but hardly "river" - that is sírë.)
nenda
adjective. wet
Cognates
- S. nîn “wet, *watery” ✧ PE17/052
Derivations
Element in
- ᴺQ. nendalaurë “golden water-flower, yellow iris”
- Q. Nindamos
- Q. Nindatalma “Wetwang, Nindalf” ✧ PE17/052
Elements
Word Gloss nén “water, water, [ᴱQ.] river” Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶nēnā > nenya [nenja] ✧ PE17/052 √NĒ̆N > nenda [nenda] ✧ PE17/167 Variations
- nenya ✧ PE17/052
- ninda ✧ PE17/052
- nēna ✧ PE17/167
nenya
wet
nenya adj. "wet" (PE17:52), also néna, q.v. Nenya as the name of a Ring of Power seems to imply *"(thing) related to water", since this Ring was associated with that element (SA:nen).
nenya
adjective. wet
nuinë
suffix. river
Element in
- ᴺQ. nuinerocco “hippopotamus, (lit.) river-horse”
néna
wet
néna adj. "wet" (PE17:167). Cf. nenya, mixa.
néna
adjective. wet
sindi
river
sindi noun "river" (LT1:265; rather sírë in LotR-style Quenya)
tuilë
spring, spring-time
tuilë noun "spring, spring-time", also used = "dayspring, early morn" (VT39:7, TUY), in the calendar of Imladris a precisely defined period of 54 days, but also used without any exact definition. Cf. tuilérë, q.v. (Appendix D) - In early "Qenya", the word tuilë is glossed "Spring", but it is said that it literally refers to a "budding", also used collectively for "buds, new shoots, fresh green" (LT1:269). Cf. tuima in Tolkien's later Quenya.
tuilë
noun. spring, spring, [ᴹQ.] spring-time, [ᴱQ.] (lit.) a budding; buds, new shoots, fresh green
Cognates
Derivations
- √TUY “sprout, bud” ✧ VT39/07
Element in
- Q. tuilérë “*spring-day”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √TUJU > tuile [tuile] ✧ VT39/07 Variations
- tuile ✧ PE19/107; VT39/07
celumë
noun. flowing, flood (tide), stream, flow(ing), stream, flood (tide); [ᴱQ.] fountain, spring
A word for a stream or flow of water or other liquid, also for a flood tide, derived from the root ᴹ√KEL(U) (MC/223; Ety/KEL).
Conceptual Development: In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, the words ᴱQ. kelu and kelume were glossed “stream” and derived from ᴱ√KELE or ᴱ√KELU “flow” (QL/46). In the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa, however, ᴱQ. kelu was glossed “fountain, spring” (PME/46). ᴹQ. kelume “stream, flow” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of ᴹ√KEL “go, run (especially of water), flow away downhill” (Ety/KEL), and kelume appeared in the glossary to the 1960s version of the Markirya poem with the glosses “flowing, flood (tide), stream” (MC/223).
Derivations
- √KEL “flow (down or away), run (of water or rivers), go away, flow (down or away), run (of water or rivers), go away, [ᴹ√] run away especially downwards or at end; [ᴱ√] ooze, trickle”
Element in
- Q. ëar-celumessen “in the flowing sea” ✧ MC/222
- ᴺQ. helcelmë “glacier; (lit.) frozen flow”
- ᴺQ. laicelumir “malachite (lit.) green-flowing-jewel”
Variations
- kelume ✧ MC/223
Nénar
water
Nénar noun name of a star (or planet), evidently derived from nén "water" (Silm), tentatively identified with Uranus (MR:435)
missë
wet, damp, rain
[missë] adj.ornoun "wet, damp, rain" (VT45:35)
linqui
wet
linqui ("q")adj. "wet" (MC:216; Tolkien's later Quenya has linquë.)
linquë
wet
linquë ("q") (1) adj. "wet" _(LINKWI). In early "Qenya", this word was glossed "water" (LT1:262)_, and "wet" was linqui or liquin, q.v.
liquin
wet
liquin ("q")adj. "wet" (LT1:262; Tolkien's later Quenya has linquë.)
mixa
wet
mixa ("ks")adj. "wet" (MISK); later sources have néna, nenya
ninda
adjective. wet
wet
wet
wet, see we #2
-ndë
petition
-ndë (1) noun ending; forming nouns from verbal stems in arcandë "petition" and ulundë "stream" (q.v. and cf. VT44:8), feminine in Serindë "broideress" or "needle-woman" (q.v.) PE17:69 mentions -ndë as a common suffix denoting feminine agent.
nén
water
nén (nen-) noun "water" (NEN).
nén
noun. water, water, [ᴱQ.] river
The word for “water”, a derivative of the root √NEN of the same meaning (PE17/52; Ety/NEN). Its stem form was nen- (Ety/NEN) and its primitive form was given as ✶nē̆n, the vowel length variation due to distinct subjective nēn versus objective/inflected nĕn- in ancient monosyllables (PE21/64).
Conceptual Development: This word first appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with two senses: “river” and (archaic) “†water”. Tolkien indicated the two senses were based on distinct roots: ᴱ√NEŘE [NEÐE] and ᴱ√NENE respectively, with two distinct stem forms nend- and nēn (QL/64-65). The Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa also mentions the forms nen (nēn-) “water” versus nen(d-) “river” (PME/64-65). In the English-Qenya Dictionary of the mid-1920s Tolkien had both nēn “river” (PE15/76) and nēn “water” (PE15/78), but in the Early Qenya Grammar he had only nēn “water” (PE14/43, 72), also appearing as nen “water” in documents on The Valmaric Script from this period (PE14/110).
In the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s, Tolkien had ᴹQ. nēn “water”, but in this document it had nēn- with long ē in its inflected forms as well (PE21/23). In The Etymologies of the 1930s, however, uninflected nén “water” had a stem form of nen- with short e (Ety/NEN), and the reasons for this variation was discussed in Primitive Quendian Structure: Final Consonants from 1936, the nominative/objective distinction noted above (PE21/64). This seems to be the paradigm Tolkien stuck with thereafter, as evidenced by S. nen “water” rather than ✱✱nîn.
Cognates
- S. nen “water; lake, pool; (lesser) river, water; lake, pool; (lesser) river, [ᴱN.] stream” ✧ PE17/052; SA/nen
Derivations
Element in
- Q. Cuiviénen “Water of Awakening” ✧ SA/nen
- Q. Nénar
- Q. nenda “wet”
- Q. nendil “beast that lives in the water”
- Q. Nendili “Water-lovers”
- ᴺQ. nengarmo “otter, (lit.) water-wolf”
- Q. Nénimë “February, *Wet-ness”
- ᴺQ. nenungol “octopus, (lit.) water-spider”
- Q. Nenya “(Ring) of Water” ✧ SA/nen
- Q. Nísinen “*Fragrant Water”
- Q. Uinen ✧ SA/nen
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √NEN > nēn [nēn] ✧ PE17/052 √nen > nen [nen] ✧ SA/nen Variations
- nēn ✧ PE17/052
- nen ✧ SA/nen
Uinen
water
Uinen (Uinend-, as in dative Uinenden) fem. name, used of a Maia, spouse of Ossë (UY, NEN). Adopted and adapted from Valarin (WJ:404), though it is also said that it contains -nen "water" (SA:nen); the latter explanation may be folk etymology. In the Etymologies, the name is derived from the same stem (UY) as uilë "long trailing plant, especially seaweed".
nellë
brook
nellë noun "brook" (NEN)
wentë
brook
wentë noun "brook" (GL:46)
hlóna
river, especially given to those at all seasons full of water from mountains
[hlóna (2) noun "a river, especially given to those at all seasons full of water from mountains" (VT48:27; the word is marked with a query and the note containing it rejected; it was apparently replaced by lón, q.v.)]
arcandë
petition
#arcandë noun "petition" (isolated from arcandemmar "our petitions") (VT44:8)
anarcandë
petition
#anarcandë noun "petition" (isolated from anarcandemman, "our petitions", possibly an error for *anarcandemmar) (VT44:8); Tolkien seems to have abandoned this word in favour of #arcandë, q.v.
celwë
noun. spring, source
A neologism for “spring, source” created by Boris Shapiro in PPQ (PPQ) from the early 2000s, equivalent to N. celw. I prefer ᴺQ. celu as an adaptation of ᴱQ. qelu.
Cognates
- N. celw “spring, source”
Derivations
- √KEL “flow (down or away), run (of water or rivers), go away, flow (down or away), run (of water or rivers), go away, [ᴹ√] run away especially downwards or at end; [ᴱ√] ooze, trickle”
celu _("k")_noun "stream" (LT1:257; rather celumë in LotR-style Quenya)