Quenya 

nésa

sister

nésa (Þ) noun "sister" (VT47:14); this form from a late source possibly replaces earlier seler and onórë, q.v.

nésa

noun. sister

A word for “sister” coined by Tolkien in notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, based on the root √NETH of similar meaning (VT47/12, 14). It had a diminutive/affectionate variant nettë used as a play name for the fourth finger in several places in these notes (VT47/12; VT48/6), but I prefer to mainly use nettë for “(little) girl” in Neo-Quenya (VT47/10, 15, 33).

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had ᴹQ. seler “sister” from the root ᴹ√THEL or THELES (Ety/THEL), and the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. heresse “sister” from the early root ᴱ√HESE (QL/40). See those entries for discussion.

Cognates

  • S. nîth “sister” ✧ VT47/14
  • T. néþa “sister” ✧ VT47/14

Derivations

  • ✶nēthā “sister” ✧ VT47/14
    • √NETH “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry, (young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young” ✧ VT47/12

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶nēthā > néþa > nésa[nētʰā] > [nēθā] > [nēθa] > [nēsa]✧ VT47/14

onórë

sister

onórë noun "sister" (of blood-kin) (THEL/THELES, NŌ; both of these entries in the Etymologies as reproduced in LR have the reading "onóne", but the "Old Noldorin" cognate wanúre listed in the entry THEL/THELES seems to indicate that the Quenya word should be onórë; the letters n and r are easily confused in Tolkien's handwriting. There is no clear evidence for a feminine ending -në in Quenya, but -rë is relatively well attested; cf. for instance ontarë.) A later source gives the word for "sister" as nésa instead.

seler

sister

seler (þ) (sell-, as in pl. selli) noun "sister" (THEL/THELES). In a later source, the word nésa (q.v.) appears instead, leaving the conceptual status of seler uncertain.

hanno

brother

hanno noun "brother" (a colloquial form, cf. háno), also used in children's play for "middle finger" (VT47:12, 14, VT48:4, 6)

háno

brother

háno noun "brother", colloquially also hanno (VT47:12, 14). It is unclear whether Tolkien, by introducing this form, abandoned the older (TLT) word toron (q.v.)

háno

noun. brother

A word for “brother” coined by Tolkien in notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, based on the root √KHAN of the same meaning (VT47/14). It had a diminutive/affectionate variant hanno used as a play name for the middle finger in several places in these notes (VT47/12; VT48/6).

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had ᴹQ. toron “brother” from the root ᴹ√TOR (Ety/TOR), and the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. herendo “brother” from the early root ᴱ√HESE (QL/40). See those entries for discussion.

Cognates

  • S. hawn “brother” ✧ VT47/14
  • T. háno “brother” ✧ VT47/14

Derivations

  • √KHAN “brother” ✧ VT47/14

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
√KHAN > hāno[kʰāno] > [xāno] > [hāno]✧ VT47/14

Variations

  • hāno ✧ VT47/14

onóro

brother

onóro noun "brother" (of blood-kinship) (TOR, NŌ (WŌ) )

toron

brother

toron (torn- as in pl. torni) noun "brother" (TOR; a later source gives háno, hanno [q.v.] as the word for "brother", leaving the status of toron uncertain)

nettë

girl, daughter

nettë (stem *netti-, given the primitive form listed in VT47:17) noun "girl, daughter" (but also "sister", see below), also used as a play-name of the "fourth finger" or "fourth toe" (VT47:10, VT48:6), in two-hand play also used for the numeral "nine" (nettë is conceived as being related to nertë, q.v.) Nettë is also defined as "sister" or "girl approaching the adult" (VT47:16, VT49:25), "girl/daughter" (VT47:15-16); it may be that "sister" was Tolkien's final decision on the meaning (VT48:4, 22) - The related word nésa seems like a less ambiguous translation of "sister".

osellë

sister, [female] associate

osellë (þ) noun "sister, [female] associate" (THEL/THELES, WŌ). Cf. otorno.

otorno

brother, sworn brother, [male] associate

otorno noun "brother, sworn brother, [male] associate" (TOR, WŌ). Cf. osellë.

nessa

young

nessa adj. "young" (NETH), alsoNessa as name of a Valië, the spouse of Tulkas (adopted and adapted from Valarin, or an archaic Elvish formation: WJ:404 vs. 416). Also called Indis, "bride" (NETH, NI1). The fem. name Nessanië (UT:210) would seem to incorporate Nessa's name; the second element could mean "tear" (nië), but since Nessa is not normally associated with sorrow, this #nië is perhaps rather a variant of ní "female" (compare Tintanië as a variant of Tintallë).

vinya

young

vinya (1) adj. "young" (VT46:22, VT47:26, PE17:191) or "new" (cf. compounds Vinyamar, Vinyarië below; cf. also winya "new, fresh, young" in a deleted entry in the Etymologies, VT45:16; there the word was first written as vinya.) Vinya "the Young", original name of the isle of Númenor among its own people (SD:332).

Sindarin 

neth

noun. sister

Sindarin [VT/47:14-16,33, VT/48:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

nethel

noun. sister

A word for “sister” coined by Tolkien in notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, based on the root √NETH of similar meaning and replacing the archaic form of the word †nîth (VT47/12, 14). The diminutive/affectionate form nethig “[little] sister” was used as a play name for the fourth finger (VT48/6); Tolkien considered an alternate diminutive netheg (VT47/14, 32) and also considered giving this diminutive an alternate meaning “little girl” (VT47/15, 33); see S. neth for discussion.

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. thêl “sister” from the root ᴹ√THEL or THELES (Ety/THEL), and the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. hethir “sister” from the early root ᴱ√HESE [HEÞE] (GL/48; QL/40). See those entries for discussion.

nîth

noun. sister

Sindarin [VT/47:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

nîth

noun. sister

Cognates

  • Q. nésa “sister” ✧ VT47/14

Derivations

  • ✶nēthā “sister” ✧ VT47/14
    • √NETH “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry, (young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young” ✧ VT47/12

Element in

  • S. nethel “sister” ✧ VT47/14

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶nēthā > nîth[nētʰā] > [nētʰa] > [nēθa] > [nīθa] > [nīθ]✧ VT47/14

nethig

noun. "litte sister"

First given in the manuscript as netheg in VT/47:14-15, but see especially VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion

Sindarin [VT/47:14, VT/47:38-39, VT/48:6,17] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hanar

noun. brother

Sindarin [VT/47:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hanar

noun. brother

A word for “brother” coined by Tolkien in notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, based on the root √KHAN of the same meaning and replacing the archaic form of the word †hawn (VT47/14). Remnants of this archaic form can be seem in the diminutive/affectionate form honeg “[little] brother” (VT48/6); Tolkien considered and apparently rejected alternates of the diminutive: honig and hanig (VT47/14; VT48/17).

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. tôr “brother” from the root ᴹ√TOR (Ety/TOR), and the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. hethos “brother” from the early root ᴱ√HESE [HEÞE] (GL/48-49; QL/40). See those entries for discussion.

Derivations

  • √KHAN “brother” ✧ VT47/14

hawn

noun. brother

Sindarin [VT/47:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hawn

noun. brother

Cognates

  • Q. háno “brother” ✧ VT47/14

Derivations

  • √KHAN “brother” ✧ VT47/14

Element in

  • ᴺS. gwachon “(sworn) brother, associate”
  • S. honeg “brother (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/14

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
√KHAN > hawn[kʰāno] > [xāno] > [xǭno] > [xauno] > [xaun] > [haun]✧ VT47/14

honeg

noun. "litte brother"

Given as honig in VT/47:14, but see VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion

Sindarin [VT/48:6,16-17] Group: SINDICT. Published by

nethig

noun. sister, girl (diminutive)

Changes

  • netheg → nethig ✧ VT47/14
  • netheg → nethig ✧ VT47/32

Cognates

  • T. netticë “sister (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/14; VT47/15; VT47/32; VT47/32
  • Q. nettë “(little) girl, sister (diminutive), daughter, pretty little thing, (little) girl, sister (diminutive), ️daughter, pretty little thing” ✧ VT48/06

Elements

WordGloss
neth“(little) girl; sister (diminutive)”
-eg“diminutive/singular ending”

Variations

  • netheg ✧ VT47/14; VT47/15; VT47/32 (netheg)
Sindarin [VT47/14; VT47/15; VT47/32; VT47/33; VT48/06] Group: Eldamo. Published by

neth

noun. girl (in her teens, approaching the adult)

Sindarin [VT/47:14-16,33, VT/48:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gwein

adjective. young

adj. young. Q. vinya. >> gwîn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:191] < WIN young. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gwein

adjective. young

honeg

noun. middle finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

Given as honig in VT/47:14, but see VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion

Sindarin [VT/48:6,16-17] Group: SINDICT. Published by

nethig

noun. ring finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)

First given in the manuscript as netheg in VT/47:14-15, but see especially VT/48:17 n. 13 for discussion

Sindarin [VT/47:14, VT/47:38-39, VT/48:6,17] Group: SINDICT. Published by

neth

sister

1) neth (also used = ”girl”). (VT47:14-16, 33; VT48:6), pl. nith. Notice the homophone neth ”young”. Also nîth (no distinct pl. form though the plural article with show pluarlity when the noun is definite: in nîth) (VT47:14). 2) gwathel (i **wathel), pl. gwethil (in gwethil). 3) muinthel (i vuinthel), pl. muinthil (i muinthil), more usual than the shorter form thêl (stem thele-), pl. theli. In “Noldorin”, the pl. was thelei** (LR:392 s.v. THEL).

hanar

brother

1) hanar (i chanar, o chanar), pl. henair (i chenair) (VT47:14). A more archaic term is *haun (spelt ”hawn” in source) (i chaun, o chaun), pl. hoen (i choen), coll. pl. honath.

hanar

brother

(i chanar, o chanar), pl. henair (i chenair) (VT47:14). A more archaic term is ✱haun (spelt ”hawn” in source) (i chaun, o chaun), pl. hoen (i choen), coll. pl. honath.

gwador

sworn brother

(i ’wador), pl. gwedyr (in gwedyr). In ”N”, the pl. was gwedeir (LR:394 s.v. TOR)

honeg

little brother

(i choneg, o choneg), pl. honig (i chonig), also used as a play-name for the middle finger. (VT47:6, 16-17) 2) In older sources Tolkien listed different ”Noldorin” words for ”brother”: muindor (i vuindor), analogical pl. muindyr (i muindyr). Archaic/poetic †tôr (i** dôr, o thôr, construct tor), pl. teryn (i** theryn), coll. pl. toronath. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. was terein. 3) “Brother” in extended sense of “relative”: gwanur (i ’wanur) (kinsman, also kinswoman), pl. gwenyr (in gwenyr). Note: a homophone of the sg. means ”pair of twins”.

iell

girl

1) iell (-iel) (daughter, maid), pl. ill; 2) sell (i hell) (daughter, maid), pl. sill (i sill), coll. pl. sellath. 3) (girl in her teens, approaching the adult) neth (also used = ”sister”), pl. nith (VT47:14-16, 33; VT48:6). Notice the homophone neth ”young”. The final element -wen in names means ”girl, maiden, virgin”.

iell

girl

(-iel) (daughter, maid), pl. ill

neth

girl

(also used = ”sister”), pl. nith (VT47:14-16, 33; VT48:6). Notice the homophone neth ”young”. – The final element -wen in names means ”girl, maiden, virgin”.

sell

girl

(i hell) (daughter, maid), pl. sill (i sill), coll. pl. sellath.

dess

young woman

(i ness, o ndess, constuct des), pl. diss (i ndiss)

neth

young

neth (pl. nith). A homophone is the noun ”sister, girl”.

neth

young

(pl. nith). A homophone is the noun ”sister, girl”.

Telerin 

néþa

noun. sister

Cognates

  • Q. nésa “sister” ✧ VT47/14

Derivations

  • ✶nēthā “sister” ✧ VT47/14
    • √NETH “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry, (young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young” ✧ VT47/12

Variations

  • nēþa ✧ VT47/14

netticë

noun. sister (diminutive)

Changes

  • nettica → nettice ✧ VT47/14
  • nettica → nettice ✧ VT47/32

Cognates

  • S. nethig “sister, girl (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/14; VT47/15; VT47/32; VT47/32
  • Q. nettë “(little) girl, sister (diminutive), daughter, pretty little thing, (little) girl, sister (diminutive), ️daughter, pretty little thing” ✧ VT48/06

Variations

  • nettice ✧ VT47/14; VT47/14; VT47/14; VT47/32; VT47/33
  • nettica ✧ VT47/14; VT47/15; VT47/32 (nettica)
  • nettike ✧ VT48/06
Telerin [VT47/14; VT47/15; VT47/32; VT47/33; VT48/06] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nettë

noun. sister (diminutive)

Cognates

  • Q. nettë “(little) girl, sister (diminutive), daughter, pretty little thing, (little) girl, sister (diminutive), ️daughter, pretty little thing” ✧ VT47/11; VT47/14; VT47/15; VT48/06

Derivations

  • √NETH “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry, (young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young” ✧ VT47/12
  • ✶netthi “girl approaching the adult, sister (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/16; VT47/33
    • √NETH “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry, (young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young” ✧ VT47/15; VT47/39

Element in

  • T. netticë “sister (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/14; VT47/14; VT47/15; VT47/33

Variations

  • nette ✧ VT47/14; VT47/14; VT47/15; VT47/33; VT48/06
Telerin [VT47/14; VT47/15; VT47/33; VT48/06] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hanna

noun. brother

Cognates

  • Q. hanno “brother (diminutive)” ✧ VT48/06

Derivations

  • √KHAN “brother”

Element in

  • T. hannacë “brother [diminutive]” ✧ VT48/06

háno

noun. brother

Cognates

  • Q. háno “brother” ✧ VT47/14

Derivations

  • √KHAN “brother” ✧ VT47/14

Variations

  • hāno ✧ VT47/14

Adûnaic

nithil

noun. girl

A noun translated “girl” and fully declined as an example of a feminine Strong I noun (SD/430). It is also used as an example of feminine nouns that use the suffix -i in their objective inflection as opposed to the usual -u: nithli (SD/431). Though not explicitly stated, nithli is also an example of the variant objective-with-syncope syntax discussed on SD/435. Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne suggested (AAD/21) it may be related to the Elvish root √NETH “young”.

Derivations

  • √NETH “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry, (young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young”
Adûnaic [SD/427; SD/431; SD/436] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

nēthā

noun. sister

Derivations

  • √NETH “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry, (young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young” ✧ VT47/12

Derivatives

  • Q. nésa “sister” ✧ VT47/14
  • Q. nettë “(little) girl, sister (diminutive), daughter, pretty little thing, (little) girl, sister (diminutive), ️daughter, pretty little thing” ✧ VT47/14
  • S. nîth “sister” ✧ VT47/14
  • T. néþa “sister” ✧ VT47/14

Element in

  • ✶netthi “girl approaching the adult, sister (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/14

Variations

  • nēthā ✧ VT47/14
Primitive elvish [VT47/14] Group: Eldamo. Published by

khan

root. brother

A root for “brother” that Tolkien introduced in notes on finger-names from the late 1960s as a companion to √NETH “sister” (VT47/14, 26, 34). It conflicts with, and possibly replaces, earlier uses for √KHAN such as √KHAN “back” in notes from around 1959 serving as the basis for the prefix Q. han- in hanquenta “answer” (PE17/166). The root ᴹ√KHAN also appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “understand, comprehend”, with various derivatives in both Quenya and Noldorin of similar meaning (Ety/KHAN).

It is unlikely that all these uses of √KHAN coexisted, but I think at a minimum both √KHAN “brother” and ᴹ√KHAN “understand, comprehend” should be retained for the purposes of Neo-Eldarin, as the latter has no good replacements in Tolkien’s later writing. As for hanquenta “answer”, it might be reinterpreted as “a saying providing understanding”, and so be derived from ᴹ√KHAN “understand”.

Derivatives

  • Q. háno “brother” ✧ VT47/14
  • Q. hanno “brother (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/26; VT47/34
  • S. hanar “brother” ✧ VT47/14
  • S. hawn “brother” ✧ VT47/14
  • T. hanna “brother”
  • T. háno “brother” ✧ VT47/14

Variations

  • KHAN ✧ VT47/14
  • khan ✧ VT47/26; VT47/34
Primitive elvish [VT47/14; VT47/26; VT47/34] Group: Eldamo. Published by

win

root. young, young, [ᴹ√] new, fresh

Tolkien used a similar set of Elvish roots for “youth” and “freshness” for many years. The earliest of these was primitive guı̯u̯ or gu̯iu̯ [ᴱ√GWIWI] in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like G. gui “just, just now, only just, already”, G. guin “recent, fresh”, and G. gwioth “youth” (GL/42). This root reappeared as ᴹ√WIR “new, fresh, young” in The Etymologies of the 1930s with variants ᴹ√WĪ and ᴹ√WIN and derivatives ᴹQ. vírie “youth” and ᴹQ. virya “fresh” (EtyAC/WIR). The ᴹ√WIN variant had derivatives ᴹQ. vinya/N. gwîn “young”. Tolkien considered, but rejected, deriving these from strengthened ᴹ√GWIN instead, producing (also rejected) ᴹQ. winya/N. bîn (EtyAC/GWIN).

Q. vinya appeared in quite a few later names with the gloss “young” or “new”, but the Sindarin form became S. gwain as in S. Narwain “January, ✱(lit.) New Fire” (LotR/1110) and S. Iarwain “Old-young” (LotR/1114; RC/128). In Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959, both were given as derivatives of √WIN “young” along with Q. víne/S. gwîn “youth”, though the Sindarin word for “young” was given as (archaic?) gwein (PE17/191). Also related are various words for “baby” from 1968 notes such Q. †wine/S. gwinig “little-one, baby” (VT48/6). In these notes primitive wini was glossed “little” but this was deleted (VT47/26), making it likely that the earlier senses “young, new” were restored for √WIN.

As for the 1930s root ᴹ√WIR, it might have survived as an element in the month names Q. Víressë/S. Gwirith “April” (LotR/1110), perhaps meaning “✱freshness”.

Derivatives

  • ✶wini “child not yet full grown” ✧ VT47/26
    • Q. winë “baby, little-one, child not yet full grown” ✧ VT47/26
  • ᴺQ. vin “just, just now, only just, already”
  • Q. vínë “youth, youth, *childhood” ✧ PE17/191; VT47/26
  • Q. vinya “young, new” ✧ PE17/191; VT47/26
  • Q. Víressë “April, *Freshness”
  • S. gwain “young, *new” ✧ PE17/191
  • ᴺS. gwí “just, just now, only just, already”
  • S. gwîn “youth” ✧ PE17/191

Element in

Variations

  • wini ✧ VT47/26 (wini)
  • win ✧ VT47/26
Primitive elvish [PE17/191; VT47/26] Group: Eldamo. Published by

neth

root. (young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry, (young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young

This root had a variety of meanings over Tolkien’s life. It first appeared as ᴹ√NETH “young” in The Etymologies of the 1930s with various Quenya and Noldorin derivatives of similar meaning, the most notable being the name ᴹQ. Nessa (Ety/NETH). In rough notes probably from around 1959, Tolkien redefined √NETH or √NES to mean “feminity apart from sex”, contrasted with √WEG or √WEƷ for masculinity, but he abandoned this line of reasoning deciding that √WĒ simply meant “person” independent of gender (PE17/189-190).

In notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, Tolkien again redefined √NETH, this time as the basis for Elvish “sister” words, either specifically meaning “sister” (VT47/12, 26, 34), meaning “(young) woman” (VT47/15, 32, 39) or perhaps “fresh, lively, merry” (VT47/32), the last of these probably a callback to its 1930s meaning “young”. In notes from 1959-60, however, the name Q. Nessa was disconnected from the root √NETH, derived instead from ✶Neresā meaning “she that has manlike valour or strength” (WJ/416).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think it is best for √NETH to retain its essential 1930s meaning “young, fresh, lively”, but with an association to young women as described in Tolkien’s notes from the 1960s, and thus by extension “sister” as named from the perspective of the parents.

Derivatives

  • Ad. nithil “girl”
  • ✶nesī/nese “a person of female nature” ✧ PE17/190
  • ✶nēthā “sister” ✧ VT47/12
    • Q. nésa “sister” ✧ VT47/14
    • Q. nettë “(little) girl, sister (diminutive), daughter, pretty little thing, (little) girl, sister (diminutive), ️daughter, pretty little thing” ✧ VT47/14
    • S. nîth “sister” ✧ VT47/14
    • T. néþa “sister” ✧ VT47/14
  • ✶nethē “young woman, girl” ✧ VT47/32
  • ✶nēthā “gay, lively, girlish” ✧ VT47/32
    • T. nétha “gay, lively, girlish” ✧ VT47/32
  • ✶netthi “girl approaching the adult, sister (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/15; VT47/39
    • Q. nettë “(little) girl, sister (diminutive), daughter, pretty little thing, (little) girl, sister (diminutive), ️daughter, pretty little thing” ✧ VT47/16; VT47/33; VT47/39
    • S. neth “(little) girl; sister (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/33
    • T. nettë “sister (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/16; VT47/33
  • Q. nettë “(little) girl, sister (diminutive), daughter, pretty little thing, (little) girl, sister (diminutive), ️daughter, pretty little thing” ✧ VT47/12; VT47/26; VT47/32; VT47/34
  • S. neth “(little) girl; sister (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/12
  • T. nettë “sister (diminutive)” ✧ VT47/12

Variations

  • NES ✧ PE17/167; PE17/190 (NES)
  • neth ✧ VT47/26; VT47/34
Primitive elvish [PE17/167; PE17/190; VT47/12; VT47/15; VT47/26; VT47/32; VT47/34; VT47/39] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

muinthel

noun. sister

Noldorin [Ety/392] muin+thêl. Group: SINDICT. Published by

muinthel

noun. sister

Noldorin [Ety/THEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thêl

noun. sister

Noldorin [Ety/392] Group: SINDICT. Published by

thêl

noun. sister

A word for “sister” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√THEL or THELES of the same meaning, with an irregular plural thelei (Ety/THEL). It had a more elaborate form muinthel, the equivalent of muindor “(dear) brother”, with an initial element muin “dear”.

Neo-Quenya: In notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien introduced a new word nethel for “sister” from the root √NETH (VT47/14). However, I think thêl and related words might be retained to mean a “metaphorical sister”, a close female associate who may or may not be related by blood, as with such words as gwathel “[sworn] sister, associate”. In this paradigm, I would assume muinthel still refers to a sister by blood, with an added connotation of strong affection. I think it’s best to assume the irregular Noldorin plural pattern was reformed to the normal Sindarin plural thîl.

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. seler “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Derivations

  • On. thele “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
    • ᴹ√THEL(ES) “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
    • ᴹ✶thelese “*sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
    • ᴹ√THEL(ES) “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
On. thele > thêl[θele] > [θel] > [θēl]✧ Ety/THEL
Noldorin [Ety/THEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwathel

noun. sister, associate

Noldorin [Ety/392] Group: SINDICT. Published by

muindor

noun. brother

Noldorin [Ety/394] muin+tôr. Group: SINDICT. Published by

muindor

noun. brother

tôr

noun. brother

The word muindor is more usual

Noldorin [Ety/394, X/Z] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tôr

noun. brother

An (archaic) word for “brother” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√TOR of the same meaning, with an irregular plural terein (Ety/TOR). In ordinary speech, it was replaced by muindor, with an initial element muin “dear”.

Neo-Sindarin: In notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien introduced a new word hanar for “brother” (VT47/14). However, I think †tôr and related words might be retained to mean a “metaphorical brother”, a close male associate who may or may not be related by blood, as with such words as gwador “(sworn) brother, associate”. In this paradigm, I would assume muindor still refers to a brother by blood, with an added connotation of strong affection.

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. toron “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR

Derivations

  • On. toron “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR; Ety/TOR
    • ᴹ√TOR “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR

Element in

  • N. muindor “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
On. toron > tôr[toron] > [toro] > [tor] > [tōr]✧ Ety/TOR

gwathel

noun. [sworn] sister, associate [f.]

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “sister, associate”, the female equivalent of N. gwador “(sworn) brother, associate”, a combination of prefix N. gwa- “together” with the root ᴹ√THEL “sister” (Ety/THEL). It is used for metaphorical “sisters” by oath or association, and not by blood.

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. oselle “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]” ✧ Ety/THEL

Derivations

  • On. wathel “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]” ✧ Ety/THEL

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
On. wathel > gwathel[waθele] > [gwaθele] > [gwaθel]✧ Ety/THEL
On. wathel > gwethil[waθeli] > [gwaθeli] > [gwaθili] > [gweθili] > [gweθil]✧ Ety/THEL
Noldorin [Ety/THEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

neth

adjective. young

Noldorin [Ety/377] Group: SINDICT. Published by

neth

adjective. young

irregular, compare: tathor @@@

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. nessa “young” ✧ Ety/NETH

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶nethrā “young” ✧ Ety/NETH
    • ᴹ√NETH “young” ✧ Ety/NETH
  • ᴹ√NETH “young” ✧ Ety/NĪ¹; EtyAC/NIS

Element in

  • N. dineth “bride” ✧ Ety/NĪ¹; EtyAC/NIS
  • N. Neth “Nessa” ✧ Ety/NETH
  • N. Nethwelein “Younger Gods”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶nethra > neth[netʰra] > [neθra] > [neθr] > [neθ]✧ Ety/NETH
Noldorin [Ety/NETH; Ety/NĪ¹; EtyAC/NIS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwador

noun. brother (especially used of those not brothers by blood, but sworn brothers or associates)

Noldorin [Ety/394] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gwîn

adjective. young

Changes

  • gwîn → bîn ✧ EtyAC/GWIN

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. vinya “young, new” ✧ EtyAC/GWIN; EtyAC/GWIN; EtyAC/WIR

Derivations

  • ᴹ√WIN “new, fresh, young” ✧ EtyAC/GWIN; EtyAC/WIR

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GWIN > bîn[gwinje] > [binje] > [binie] > [bini] > [bin] > [bīn]✧ EtyAC/GWIN
ᴹ√WINI > gwîn[winje] > [gwinje] > [gwinie] > [gwini] > [gwin] > [gwīn]✧ EtyAC/WIR

Variations

  • bîn ✧ EtyAC/GWIN (bîn)
  • gwîn ✧ EtyAC/GWIN (gwîn); EtyAC/WIR
Noldorin [EtyAC/GWIN; EtyAC/WIR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

seler

noun. sister

A noun for “sister” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√THEL or THELES of the same meaning, with an irregular plural selli (Ety/THEL), where the stem form sell- is because the Quenya syncope caused the second e to be lost and then the ancient ls became ll.

Neo-Quenya: In notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien introduced a new word nésa for “sister” (VT47/14). However, I think seler might be retained to mean a “metaphorical” sister, a close female associate who may or may not be related by blood, as with such words as meletheldi “love-sister, ✱close female friend” or ᴹQ. oselle “sworn sister”. In this sense, nésa would be limited to biological relationships, but seler would refer to sisterly (or sister-like) affection.

Cognates

  • On. thele “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
  • N. thêl “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Derivations

  • ᴹ√THEL(ES) “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Element in

  • ᴹQ. oselle “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]” ✧ Ety/THEL

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√THELES > seler[tʰeles] > [θeles] > [θeler] > [seler]✧ Ety/THEL

onóne

noun. kinswoman; sister

A word glossed “sister” under the root ᴹ√NŌ (Ety/NŌ), but in the entry for ᴹ√THEL Tolkien said it was “usually used of blood-kin” and its cognate was ON. wanūre “kinswoman”, which seems like a better translation. It is simply the root ᴹ√NŌ “beget” with the prefix ᴹQ. o- “together” and a feminine suffix.

Cognates

  • On. wanūre “kinswoman” ✧ Ety/THEL
  • N. gwanur “kinsman, kinswoman” ✧ Ety/THEL
Qenya [Ety/NŌ; Ety/THEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

toron

noun. brother

A noun for “brother” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√TOR of the same meaning, with a somewhat irregular plural torni (Ety/TOR). Its stem form is torn-, since with most inflected forms the Quenya syncope comes into play and the second o is lost.

Neo-Quenya: In notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien introduced a new word háno for “brother” (VT47/14). However, I think toron might be retained to mean a “metaphorical brother”, a close male associate who may or may not be related by blood, as with such words as melotorni “love-brother, ✱close male friend” or ᴹQ. otorno “sworn brother”. In this sense, háno would be limited to biological relationships, but toron would refer to brotherly (or brother-like) affection.

Cognates

  • On. toron “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR
  • N. tôr “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TOR “brother” ✧ Ety/THEL; Ety/TOR

Element in

  • ᴹQ. otorno “sworn brother, associate [m.]” ✧ Ety/TOR

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√TOR > toron[toron]✧ Ety/TOR
ᴹ√TOR > torni[toroni] > [torni]✧ Ety/TOR

Variations

  • toron- ✧ Ety/THEL
Qenya [Ety/THEL; Ety/TOR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

véne

noun. girl

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶wen- “girl” ✧ Ety/WEN
    • ᴹ√WEN(ED) “maiden” ✧ Ety/WEN

Element in

  • ᴹQ. venesse “virginity” ✧ Ety/WEN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶wen- > wéne > véne[wēne] > [vēne]✧ Ety/WEN

oselle

noun. [sworn] sister, associate [f.]

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “sister, associate”, a combination of ᴹQ. seler “sister” with the prefix o- “together” (Ety/THEL, WŌ), presumably meaning “✱sworn sister” like its male equivalent ᴹQ. otorno “sworn brother”.

Cognates

  • On. wathel “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]” ✧ Ety/THEL
  • N. gwathel “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]” ✧ Ety/THEL

Elements

WordGloss
o-“together”
seler“sister”

Variations

  • o-selle ✧ Ety/WŌ
Qenya [Ety/THEL; Ety/WŌ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nessa

adjective. young

Cognates

  • N. neth “young” ✧ Ety/NETH

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶nethrā “young” ✧ Ety/NETH
    • ᴹ√NETH “young” ✧ Ety/NETH

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶neth-rā > nessa[netʰrā] > [netsā] > [netsa] > [nessa]✧ Ety/NETH

Doriathrin

gwen

noun. girl

A noun for “girl” derived from primitive ᴹ✶wen- (Ety/WEN). Here the [[ilk|initial [w] became [gw]]].

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶wen- “girl” ✧ Ety/WEN
    • ᴹ√WEN(ED) “maiden” ✧ Ety/WEN

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶wen- > gwen[wen] > [gwen]✧ Ety/WEN
Doriathrin [Ety/WEN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

thele

noun. sister

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. seler “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Derivations

  • ᴹ√THEL(ES) “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
  • ᴹ✶thelese “*sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
    • ᴹ√THEL(ES) “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Derivatives

  • N. thêl “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Element in

  • On. wathel “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]” ✧ Ety/THEL

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√THELES > thele[tʰeles] > [θeles] > [θele]✧ Ety/THEL
ᴹ✶thelesi > thelehi[tʰelesi] > [θelesi] > [θelehi]✧ Ety/THEL
Old Noldorin [Ety/THEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

toron

noun. brother

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. toron “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TOR “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR

Derivatives

  • N. tôr “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR; Ety/TOR

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√TOR > toron[toron]✧ Ety/TOR
Old Noldorin [Ety/TOR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

wator

noun. brother

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. otorno “sworn brother, associate [m.]” ✧ Ety/TOR

Derivatives

  • N. gwador “(sworn) brother, associate” ✧ Ety/TOR
Old Noldorin [Ety/TOR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

wathel

noun. [sworn] sister, associate [f.]

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. oselle “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]” ✧ Ety/THEL

Derivatives

  • N. gwathel “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]” ✧ Ety/THEL
Old Noldorin [Ety/THEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

wanūre

noun. kinswoman

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. onóne “kinswoman; sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Derivatives

  • N. gwanur “kinsman, kinswoman” ✧ Ety/THEL

Variations

  • wanúre ✧ Ety/THEL
Old Noldorin [Ety/THEL; EtyAC/THEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

thel(es)

root. sister

Tolkien gave this root in The Etymologies of the 1930s as ᴹ√THEL and extended form ᴹ√THELES with the gloss “sister” and derivatives like ᴹQ. seler and N. thêl of the same meaning, both derived from the extended root as made clear by the Noldorin plural thelei < ON. thelehi (Ety/THEL). Hints of the roots continued use appear in the 1959 term Q. meletheldi “love-sisters” for close female friends (NM/20). In notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien gave Q. nésa and S. nethel as the words for “sister”, both from the root √NETH. Nevertheless, I think it is worth retaining ᴹ√THEL(ES) to represent more abstract notions of “sisterhood” for the purposes of Neo-Eldarin, for “metaphorical sister”s as opposed to Q. nésa/S. nethel for sisters by blood.

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶thelese “*sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
    • On. thele “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
    • N. thêl “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
  • ᴹQ. seler “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
  • On. thele “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
    • N. thêl “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Element in

  • Q. meletheldë “love-sister”
  • ᴹQ. oselle “[sworn] sister, associate [f.]” ✧ Ety/WŌ

Variations

  • THEL ✧ Ety/THEL; Ety/TOR; Ety/WŌ
  • THELES ✧ Ety/THEL
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/THEL; Ety/TOR; Ety/WŌ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thelese

noun. *sister

Derivations

  • ᴹ√THEL(ES) “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL

Derivatives

  • On. thele “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
    • N. thêl “sister” ✧ Ety/THEL
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/THEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tor

root. brother

Tolkien gave this root in The Etymologies of the 1930s as ᴹ√TOR “brother” with derivatives like ᴹQ. toron and N. tôr of the same meaning (Ety/TOR). Hints of the roots continued use appear in the 1959 term Q. melotorni “love-brothers” for close male friends (NM/20). In notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien gave Q. háno and S. hanar as the words for “brother”, both from the root √KHAN. Nevertheless, I think it is worth retaining ᴹ√TOR to represent more abstract notions of “brotherhood” for the purposes of Neo-Eldarin, for “metaphorical” brothers as opposed to Q. háno/S. hanar for brothers by blood.

Derivatives

  • ᴺQ. otornië “company, association, alliance”
  • ᴹQ. toron “brother” ✧ Ety/THEL; Ety/TOR
  • On. toron “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR
    • N. tôr “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR; Ety/TOR

Element in

  • Q. melotorno “love-brother”
  • ᴹQ. otorno “sworn brother, associate [m.]” ✧ Ety/WŌ
  • On. wator “brother” ✧ Ety/TOR

Variations

  • tor ✧ Ety/THEL
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/THEL; Ety/TOR; Ety/WŌ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

wen-

noun. girl

Derivations

  • ᴹ√WEN(ED) “maiden” ✧ Ety/WEN

Derivatives

  • Ilk. gwen “girl” ✧ Ety/WEN
  • ᴹQ. véne “girl” ✧ Ety/WEN

Element in

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/WEN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nethrā

adjective. young

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NETH “young” ✧ Ety/NETH

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. nessa “young” ✧ Ety/NETH
  • N. neth “young” ✧ Ety/NETH

Variations

  • neth-rā ✧ Ety/NETH
  • nethra ✧ Ety/NETH
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/NETH] Group: Eldamo. Published by

neth

root. young

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶nēthē “youth” ✧ Ety/NETH
    • ᴹQ. nése “youth” ✧ Ety/NETH
    • N. nîth “youth” ✧ Ety/NETH
  • ᴹ✶nethrā “young” ✧ Ety/NETH
    • ᴹQ. nessa “young” ✧ Ety/NETH
    • N. neth “young” ✧ Ety/NETH
  • ᴹQ. nése “youth” ✧ Ety/NETH
  • ᴹQ. Nessa “*Young” ✧ Ety/NETH
  • N. nesta- “to heal”
  • N. Neth “Nessa” ✧ Ety/NĪ¹
  • N. neth “young” ✧ Ety/NĪ¹; EtyAC/NIS

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Nessaron “*Day of the Younger Gods” ✧ Ety/LEP
  • N. Nethwelein “Younger Gods” ✧ Ety/LEP
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LEP; Ety/NETH; Ety/NĪ¹; EtyAC/NIS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

hethir

noun. sister

A word for “sister” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, a feminized form of G. heth “brother or sister, ✱sibling”, along with several (archaic) variant forms hethwin, hestril, and hethril (GL/48). It was ultimately derived from the early root ᴱ√HESE [HEÞE?] (QL/40).

Cognates

Variations

  • hethwin ✧ GL/48 (hethwin)
  • hestril ✧ GL/48 (hestril)
  • hethril ✧ GL/48 (hethril)

heth

noun. brother or sister

An archaic term (or possible a root) in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s for “brother or sister” [sibling] (GL/48). It is clearly related to the early root ᴱ√HESE in the Qenya Lexicon which has various “brother” or “sister” derivatives (QL/40). Its dual form hethwi appeared in the Gnomish Grammar with the gloss “a brother and sister” (GG/10).

Cognates

  • Eq. hes “brother, sister, *sibling”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√HESE “brother or sister” ✧ GL/48

Element in

  • G. hethgadwi “twins” ✧ GL/48
  • G. hethrin “of the same family (in a close sense), consanguine” ✧ GL/48
  • G. hethren “first cousin (m.)” ✧ GL/48
  • G. hethres “first cousin (f.)” ✧ GL/48
  • G. hethir “sister” ✧ GL/48
  • G. hethos “brother” ✧ GL/48

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√heth¹ > heth¹[xeθ] > [heθ]✧ GL/48
Gnomish [GG/10; GL/48] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hethos

noun. brother

A word for “brother” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, a masculinized form of G. heth “brother or sister, ✱sibling”, along with several (archaic?) variant forms {hethweg >>} hethwig, hestron, and hethron (GL/48-49). It was ultimately derived from the early root ᴱ√HESE [HEÞE?] (QL/40).

Changes

  • hethwig → hethweg ✧ GL/49

Cognates

Variations

  • hethweg ✧ GL/49 (hethweg)
  • hestron ✧ GL/49 (hestron)
  • hethron ✧ GL/49 (hethron)
  • hethwig ✧ GL/49 (hethwig)

gwennin

noun. girl

Changes

  • gwen → gwennin ✧ GL/45

Cognates

  • Eq. wen(di) “maid, girl, maiden”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√GWENE “*maiden; woman” ✧ GL/45

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√gu̯eđe > gwennin[gʷendin] > [gʷennin]✧ GL/45

Variations

  • gwen ✧ GL/45 (gwen)

gwiw

adjective. young

Derivations

  • ᴱ√GWIWI “*young” ✧ GL/42

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√gu̯iu̯ > gwiw[gwiw]✧ GL/42

Variations

  • gwion ✧ GL/42
  • gwiog ✧ GL/42

gwiog

adjective. young

gwion

adjective. young

gân

adjective. young

Cognates

  • Eq. kana “young” ✧ GL/37

Derivations

  • ᴱ√GANA “young”

Element in

  • G. gân ar gantha “*young and old, (lit.) young and adult” ✧ GL/37
  • G. ganos “youth” ✧ GL/37

Variations

  • Gân ✧ GL/37

Early Primitive Elvish

hese

root. brother or sister

The root ᴱ√HESE appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with various derivatives having to do with siblings and blood relationships (QL/40). In the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon the root was given as heth¹ (GL/48), but it is not clear whether this was a replacement or a variant root for ᴱ√HESE.

Neo-Eldarin: I would adapt this as a Neo-Root ᴺ√KHETH “sibling, consanguinity” to serve as the basis for gender-neutral “sibling” words.

Derivatives

  • Eq. hes “brother, sister, *sibling” ✧ QL/040
  • Eq. hesta “the nearest consanguinity” ✧ QL/040
  • G. hest “brother or sister, *sibling; †consanguinity” ✧ GL/48
  • G. heth “brother or sister” ✧ GL/48

Variations

  • heth¹ ✧ GL/48
  • HESE ✧ QL/040
Early Primitive Elvish [GL/48; QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gana Speculative

root. young

A hypothetical early root that would explain words appearing in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s such as ᴱQ. kana and G. gân “young” (GL/37). There are no signs of this root in Tolkien’s later writings.

Derivatives

Early Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

heresse

noun. sister

A word for “sister” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with numerous variants: heresse, hesta(noi)ni, and hestaqin, all based on the early root ᴱ√HESE that was the basis for “brother” and “sister” words (QL/40). Of these Tolkien said heresse was the “ordinary word”, and it also appeared in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/40).

Cognates

Early Quenya [PME/040; QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hestani

noun. sister

Variations

  • hestanoini ✧ QL/040
Early Quenya [QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hestanoini

noun. sister

hestaqin

noun. sister

Early Quenya [QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hestaner

noun. brother

Early Quenya [QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

herendo

noun. brother

A word for “brother” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with numerous variants: herendo or herēro, hestaner, and hesta(noi)nu, all based on the early root ᴱ√HESE that was the basis for “brother” and “sister” words (QL/40). Of these Tolkien said herendo/herēro was the “ordinary word”, and herendo appeared in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/40).

Cognates

Variations

  • herēro ✧ QL/040
Early Quenya [PME/040; QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

heréro

noun. brother

hestanoinu

noun. brother

hestanu

noun. brother

Variations

  • hestanoinu ✧ QL/040
Early Quenya [QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hes

noun. brother, sister, *sibling

A word ᴱQ. hes in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with stem form hest-. It was used as a generic term for “brother, sister”, hence = “✱sibling”, and derived from the early root ᴱ√HESE (QL/40).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Quenya-Sindarin, I would retain the word ᴺQ. hes as a derivative of the Neo-Root ᴺ√KHETH to serve as a gender-neutral term for “sibling”.

Cognates

  • G. heth “brother or sister”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√HESE “brother or sister” ✧ QL/040

Element in

  • Eq. herendo “brother” ✧ QL/040
  • Eq. heresse “sister” ✧ QL/040

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√HESE > hes[xestǝ] > [xest] > [hest] > [hes]✧ QL/040

Variations

  • hes- ✧ PME/040
Early Quenya [PME/040; QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mella

noun. girl

A word for “girl” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√MELE “love”, but Tolkien marked it with a “?” (QL/60). The same word did appear in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa, however (PME/60).

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MELE “love” ✧ QL/060

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√MELE > mella[mellā] > [mella]✧ QL/060
Early Quenya [PME/060; QL/060] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kana

adjective. young

Cognates

  • G. gân “young” ✧ GL/37

Derivations

  • ᴱ√GANA “young”
Early Quenya [GL/37] Group: Eldamo. Published by