háno noun "brother", colloquially also hanno (VT47:12, 14). It is unclear whether Tolkien, by introducing this form, abandoned the older (TLT) word toron (q.v.)
Quenya
hanno
brother
hanno
noun. brother (diminutive)
Cognates
Derivations
- √KHAN “brother” ✧ VT47/26; VT47/34
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √khan > hanno [kʰanno] > [xanno] > [hanno] ✧ VT47/26 √khan > hanno [kʰanno] > [xanno] > [hanno] ✧ VT47/34
háno
brother
háno
noun. brother
A word for “brother” coined by Tolkien in notes on Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, based on the root √KHAN of the same meaning (VT47/14). It had a diminutive/affectionate variant hanno used as a play name for the middle finger in several places in these notes (VT47/12; VT48/6).
Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had ᴹQ. toron “brother” from the root ᴹ√TOR (Ety/TOR), and the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. herendo “brother” from the early root ᴱ√HESE (QL/40). See those entries for discussion.
Cognates
Derivations
- √KHAN “brother” ✧ VT47/14
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √KHAN > hāno [kʰāno] > [xāno] > [hāno] ✧ VT47/14 Variations
- hāno ✧ VT47/14
anon
son
anon noun "son" (PE17:170), possibly intended by Tolkien as a replacement for yondo.
anon
noun. son
A transient word for “son” in Notes on Names (NN) from 1957, written of above the more common yon-do (PE17/170).
onóro
brother
onóro noun "brother" (of blood-kinship) (TOR, NŌ (WŌ) )
otorno
brother, sworn brother, [male] associate
otorno noun "brother, sworn brother, [male] associate" (TOR, WŌ). Cf. osellë.
Yón
son
Yón (1) noun "Son" (VT44:12, 17, referring to Jesus. Tolkien rewrote the text in question. Normally the Quenya word for "son" appears as yondo, which also refers to Jesus in one text.)
vó
son
vó (actually spelt vô), also vondo, noun "son" (LT2:336; in Tolkien's later Quenya yondo)
yondo
son
yondo noun "son" (YŌ/YON, VT43:37); cf. yonya and the patronymic ending -ion. Early "Qenya" has yô, yond-, yondo "son" (LT2:342). According to LT2:344, these are poetic words, but yondo seems to be the normal word for "son" in LotR-style Quenya. Yón appears in VT44, 17, but Tolkien rewrote the text in question. In LT2:344, yondo is said to mean "male descendant, usually (great) grandson", but in Tolkien's later Quenya, yondo means "son", and the word is so glossed in LT2:342. Dative yondon in VT43:36 (here the "son" in question is Jesus). See also yonya. At one point, Tolkien rejected the word yondo as "very unsuitable" (for the intended meaning?), but no obvious replacement appeared in his writings (PE17:43), unless the (ephemeral?) form anon (q.v.) is regarded as such. In one source, yondo is also defined as "boy" (PE17:190).
toron
brother
toron (torn- as in pl. torni) noun "brother" (TOR; a later source gives háno, hanno [q.v.] as the word for "brother", leaving the status of toron uncertain)
yonyo
son, big boy
yonyo noun "son, big boy". In one version, yonyo was also a term used in children's play for "middle finger" or "middle toe", but Tolkien may have dropped this notion, deciding to use hanno "brother" as the alternative play-name (VT47:10, 15, VT48:4)
hanno noun "brother" (a colloquial form, cf. háno), also used in children's play for "middle finger" (VT47:12, 14, VT48:4, 6)