hacta, hatta

noun. fence

fence, hedge

hatta

noun. fence, hedge

hahta

noun. fence

fence, hedge

Pelendur

fence-servant

Pelendur masc.name, *"Fence-servant"??? (Appendix A)

yonwa

fence, border, boundary

yonwa noun "fence, border, boundary" (PE17:43)

hahta

noun. fence, hedge

pel-

verb. to go round, encircle, to go round, encircle; [ᴱQ.] to surround, fence in, pen in; [ᴹQ.] to revolve, return

peltas

noun. fence of fixed stakes, a ‘pale’

yonwa

noun. fence, border, boundary

peler

fenced field

peler noun "fenced field" (Old English tún) (PEL(ES) )

Lestanórë

doriath

Lestanórë place-name "Doriath", gen. Lestanórëo (WJ:369). If this name means the same as the Sindarin name Doriath, "Land of the Fence", #lesta ought to mean "fence" here (but it is obviously not a cognate of the Sindarin term iâth "fence").It may mean "girdle"; compare Sindarin Lest Melian as a name of the Girdle of Melian (WJ:XXX), suggesting*"Girdle-land" as the meaning of Lestanórë.

cëa

noun. *hedge

Quenya cognate of S. cai, second element of S. Morgai “Black Fence”, with both Q. këa and S. cai derived from √KAYA (PE17/101). Elsewhere S. cai was glossed “hedge” (UT/282), so perhaps the Quenya word cëa had the same meaning.

pel-

go round, revolve, return

pel- vb. "go round, revolve, return" (PEL), apparently also transitive "encircle" (mentioned in the Silmarillion Appendix as a meaning of the root), cf. also "Qenya" pele- "surround, fence in, pen in" (pa.t. pellë given, QL:73)

pelin

adjective. fenced in, pent

panda

enclosure

panda noun "enclosure" (PAD)

hebel

noun. ?fence

An element of the (Noldorin) names of some mountain ranges in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s. In the case of N. Hebel Dúath “Mountains of Shadow”, it was later replaced by S. ephel “outer fence, surrounding ring”, so perhaps has a similar meaning. It might be a remnant of G. heb “round about, around” (GL/48), which appeared as an element in the name G. Heborodin “Encircling Hills” (LT2/166).

thora-

verb. to fence

ephel

noun. outer fence, encircling fence

thora-

verb. to fence

arthoren

place name. Fenced Realm

A Noldorin translation of Ilk. Garthurian “Fenced Realm, Hidden Realm” appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s along with numerous variations (Ety/ƷAR|GARAT, THUR). It seems to be a combination of ardh “realm” and thoren “fenced”, as indicated by the variant forms Ardh-thoren or Ar(ð)thoren. A third variation, Arthurien is said to be a half translation or Noldorization of Ilk. Garthurian. A fourth variation, Ardholen seems to have a different meaning: “Hidden Realm” (Ety/GAT(H)).

garthoren

place name. Fenced Fort

A name appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s with the gloss “Fenced Fort”, a combination of garth “fort” and thoren “fenced” (Ety/ƷAR|GARAT). It may be a variant of Arthoren “Fenced Realm”.

pêl

noun. fenced field

pel

noun. fenced field (= Old English tún)

thoren

noun. fenced

thoren

adjective. *fenced

pelennor

place name. Pelennor

cerin

noun. circular enclosure

cerin

noun. mound

rîdh

noun. sown field, acre

iath

noun. fence

iath

noun. fence

iâth

noun. fence

iâth

noun. fence

Doriath

noun. land of the fence

(n-)dôr (“land,dwelling”) + iâth (“fence”); genitival sequences with possessor or qualifier second in the later period became fixed compounds, as Dóriath; #probably reinterpreted by Tolkien from earlier ” land of the cave” < (n-)dôr (“land, dwelling-place”) + #i (sing or genitive article) + gath (“cavern”) [Etym. GATH-]

Ephel Dúath

noun. fence of shadow

ephel (“outer fence, encircling fence”) < ed (“outer”) + pel (“fenced field”), dû (“nightfall, dimness”) + gwath (“shade”)

cail

noun. fence, palisade of spikes or sharp stakes

cail

noun. fence or palisade of spikes and sharp stakes

ephel

noun. outer fence, encircling fence

haedh

noun. fenced enclosure

A noun for a “fenced enclosure” in revisions to the Outline of Phonology (OP2) derived from primitive ✶khagdā “fence (of stakes), palisade” (PE19/91). While the original composition of OP2 was the early 1950s, the revisions were written in 1959 or later (PE19/91 note #110).

pelennor

place name. Fenced Land

The walled region around Minas Tirith (LotR/749), translated “Fenced Land” (PE17/65, 95; RC/512), a combination of pêl “fenced field” (SA/pel) and dôr “land”.

Possible Etymology: David Salo suggested that its initial element could have developed from an archaic older form of pêl: ✶peles- ⇒ OS. peleh-ndore (GS/388), which explains its initial form Pelen-. See below for possible phonetic developments.

Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, this name first appeared as N. Pelennor (WR/268).

haedh

noun. fenced enclosure

fenced enclosure

pelennor

noun. fenced land

_ n. _fenced land.

pelennor

fenced land

n. fenced land. . This gloss was rejected.

pelennor

noun. fenced inner land

pel (from stem pel- “go round, revolve”) + end (from enedh “middle”) + (n-)dor (“land, dwelling”)

pêl

noun. *fenced field, [N.] fenced field

A noun appearing as an element is several later names such as Pelargir “Garth of Royal Ships” (RC/535) and Pelennor “Fenced Land” (PE17/65). In The Etymologies of the 1930s, N. pêl was glossed “fenced field, [Old English] tūn” under the root ᴹ√PEL(ES) (Ety/PEL(ES); EtyAC/PEL(ES)). The Old English word “tūn” means “enclosure” and was the ancestor of modern English “town”. It seems that as a suffix, -bel (mutated pel) could likewise refer to a settlement analogous to English “-ton, -ham”, such as in Calembel “Greenham” (RC/537).

In The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road the form was pel (LR/380), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne indicated the actual form was pêl in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT46/8), in keeping with the principle that short vowels generally lengthened in monosyllables. This word has an unusual plural peli, where the final i was retained because it was originally non-final, preserved before an s &gt; h that was ultimately lost: ancient plural pelesi > pelih(i) > modern plural peli.

Conceptual Development: Similarly derived words in Tolkien’s early iterations of the language include G. pless “fence, hedge” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√PELE “fence in” (GL/64; QL/73) and ᴱN. helai “fence” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s derived from primitive ᴱ✶pelesa (PE13/147).

iâth

fence

(noun) 1) iâth (construct iath, pl. iaith) (WJ:370, 378), also ?iâd (construct iad), pl. iaid. 2) lest (girdle, boundary), pl. list, 3) (outer/encircling fence) ephel (pl. ephil), 4) (with spikes and sharp stakes) cail (i gail, o chail) (palisade); no distinct pl. form except with article (i chail).

thora

fence

(verb) *thora- (the curious form ”thoro-” occurs in the primary source, LR:393 s.v. THUR). The passive participle thoren ”fenced, guarded, hidden” is cited (pl. thorin).

thora

fence

(the curious form ”thoro-” occurs in the primary source, LR:393 s.v. THUR). The passive participle thoren ”fenced, guarded, hidden” is cited (pl. thorin).

cail

fence

(i gail, o chail) (palisade); no distinct pl. form except with article (i chail).

ephel

fence

(pl. ephil)

iâd

noun. fence

iâth

fence

(construct iath, pl. iaith) (WJ:370, 378), also ?iâd (construct iad), pl. iaid.

lest

fence

(girdle, boundary), pl. list

pêl

fence, fenced field

(i bêl, construct pel) (enclosure, garth), pl. peli (i pheli), the latter forms reflecting the stem pele- (root PEL(ES), LR:380)

Doriath

place name. Land of the Fence

Doriath is a Sindarin name meaning "Land of the Fence" or "Land of the Girdle". The name consists of the elements dôr + iâth.

pel-

verb. to fence, enclose

pelu-

verb. to fence, enclose

pêl

fence, fenced field

pêl (i bêl, construct pel) (enclosure, garth), pl. peli (i pheli), the latter forms reflecting the stem pele- (root __, LR:380)

thangail

shield fence

(shield wall). No distinct pl. form? (UT:281)

thoren

fenced

thoren (guarded, hidden), pl. thorin; also thaur, pl. thoer. Note: a homophone means ”detestable, abhorrent, abominable, foul”.

thoren

fenced

(guarded, hidden), pl. thorin; also thaur, pl. thoer. Note: a homophone means ”detestable, abhorrent, abominable, foul”.

Doriath

Doriath

Doriath is a Sindarin name meaning "Land of the Fence" or "Land of the Girdle". The name consists of the elements dôr + iâth. The earlier name of Doriath, Eglador, probably means either "Land of the Forsaken" or "Land of the Elves"[source?] in Sindarin.

pêl

enclosure

pêl (i bêl, construct pel) (fence, fenced field, garth), pl. peli (i pheli), the latter forms reflecting the stem pele- (root __, LR:380).

pêl

enclosure

(i bêl, construct pel) (fence, fenced field, garth), pl. peli (i pheli), the latter forms reflecting the stem pele- (root PEL(ES), LR:380).

cai

noun. hedge

Doriath

Doriath

topon.

cai

noun. hedge

cerin

noun. circular enclosure

cerin

noun. mound

parth

noun. field, enclosed grassland, sward

talf

noun. flat field, flat land

cai

hedge

cai (i gai, o chai), pl. cî (i chî);

cai

hedge

(i gai, o chai), pl. cî (i chî);

caraes

hedge of spikes

(i garaes, o charaes). No distinct pl. form except with article (i charaes).

cerin

circular enclosure

(i gerin, o cherin) (circular raised mound), no distinct pl. form except with article (i cherin).

parth

field

1) parth (i barth, o pharth) (sward, enclosed grassland), pl. perth (i pherth), 2) (low, flat field, or wetland) talf (i dalf, o thalf), pl. telf (i thelf), coll. pl. talvath. _(Names:195). Note: a homophone means ”palm”. 3) sant (i hant, o sant) (garden, yard, or other privately owned place), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20)_

parth

field

(i barth, o pharth) (sward, enclosed grassland), pl. perth (i pherth)

rîdh

sown field

(acre);  no distinct pl. form except possibly with article (idh rîdh)

sant

field

(i hant, o sant) (garden, yard, or other privately owned place), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20) 

talf

field

(i dalf, o thalf), pl. telf (i thelf), coll. pl. talvath. (Names:195). Note: a homophone means ”palm”.

pel

root. fence, border, edge; bound, limit; go round, encircle, fence, border, edge; bound, limit; go round, encircle; [ᴹ√] revolve on fixed point

This root was connected to fences, encirclement and rotation for much of Tolkien’s life. It first appeared as two distinct roots in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s. The first was ᴱ√PELE “fence in” with derivatives like ᴱQ. pelin “fenced in, pent”, ᴱQ. pelto “hedge, hedged field”, and ᴱQ. pelle “town” (QL/73). It had some clear derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. pel “village”, G. pelu- “fence, enclose”, and G. pless “hedge, fence” (GL/64). The second root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s was unglossed ᴱ√PELE with derivatives like ᴱQ. pelko “leg”, ᴱQ. pelte- “run”, and ᴱQ. peltas “pivot” (QL/73), but the “leg” word in the Gnomish Lexicon was unrelated: G. bactha “a leg” (GL/21).

Indeed, in Quenya the “leg” word was also shifted to a new root by The Etymologies of the 1930s: ᴹ√TELEK > ᴹQ. telko “leg” (Ety/TÉLEK). As for the root ᴹ√PEL, it was given the gloss “revolve on fixed point” in The Etymologies and seems to be a blending of 1910s ᴱ√PELE and ᴱ√PELE, with derivatives like ᴹQ. pel- “go round, revolve, return” and ᴹQ. peltas/N. pelthaes “pivot” (Ety/PEL) but also ᴹQ. peler/N. pêl “fenced field” and ᴹQ. opele/N. gobel “walled house or village, town” by way of extended root ᴹ√PEL(ES) (Ety/PEL(ES)).

The root √PEL appeared a number of times in Tolkien’s later writings with glosses like “edge, bound, fence, limit” (PE17/65), “fence, border” (PE17/90) and “go round, encircle” (SA/pel). Tolkien declared that:

> The basic sense should not be “revolve”; but “edge, bound, fence, limit”. Thus [S.] pelennor = fenced land; ephel, Sindarin < eppel < et­pel = “outer wall or fence”; [Q.] peltakse- (peltas) should mean a fence of fixed stakes etc., or a “pale” and fencing stakes; and pelma a border, fringe, edge, limiting device (PE17/65).

Tolkien reassigned the sense “revolve” to the root √KWER. The most notable derivative of the new sense “boundary” for √PEL was Q. pella “beyond”, more literally “beyond the boundary” (PE17/65, 80); this word was likely Tolkien’s motivation for removing the sense “revolve” from √PEL.

keglē

noun. fence or palisade of spikes or sharp stakes

khagdā

noun. fence (of stakes), palisade

peles

noun. fence, enclosure

peles-

verb. to fence round

peltakse

noun. fence of fixed stakes, a ‘pale’

yod

root. fence, enclose

This root appears in a discussion of the possible origin of Sindarin -ion “-land”, blended with the root √YON “wide, extensive” (PE17/43). A more common variation of the latter root was √YAN, making the status of √YOD uncertain. The derivatives of √YOD are similar to those of √(G)LAN from the late 1960s, which presents a more complete paradigm.

pelsa-

verb. to fence round

peles-, pelsa-

verb. fences round

kegyā

noun. hedge

tad

root. enclosure