A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/107), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and ᴹQ. atwe “one of two”.
Qenya
sa
pronoun. it (abstract object)
sa
that [anaphoric]
sa
pronoun. they (3rd pl. inanimate)
sauron
masculine name. Sauron
saima
pronoun. saima
sane
pronoun. that (mentioned), the same one (as before mentioned)
satwe
pronoun. the same one (of two), the one (of two) mentioned
salpa-
verb. to lick up, sup, sip, to lick up, sup, sip, [ᴱQ.] take a sup of; to sample
A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “lick up, sup, sip” derived from the root ᴹ√SALAP “lick up” (Ety/SÁLAP).
Conceptual Development: This verb appeared as ᴱQ. salpa- “take a sup of, sample, sip” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√SḶPḶ (QL/84). I’d retain the sense “sample” as an alternate meaning for purposes of Neo-Quenya.
san(an)
adverb. then, at that time mentioned, at that same time
sa·undar
they sank
sainen
adverb. *by that means (mentioned)
The correlative ᴹQ. sainen appeared in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/111), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and the instrumental suffix ᴹQ. -nen.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya I would update this to ᴺQ. sanen “by that means (mentioned)” to be more consistent with the later use of singular instrumentals in correlatives: Q. sinen “by this means”.
sal(de)
adverb. *in that way (mentioned)
The correlatives ᴹQ. salde or sal appeared in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/111), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and ᴹQ. -l(de) “way”.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya I would update this to ᴺQ. sallë “in that way (mentioned)” using the later suffix Q. -llë.
sallume
adverb. at that time [mentioned]
A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/96, 110), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and ᴹQ. -llume “time”.
san(an)de
adverb. to the very degree
A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/111), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and ᴹQ. -n(de) “degree”.
sanalka
adjective. *that much (mentioned)
A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/108), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and ᴹQ. -lka “much”.
sanar(yas)
adverb. *on that day (mentioned)
The correlatives ᴹQ. sanar and sanaryas appeared in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/109), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that (mentioned)” and ᴹQ. -ar(yas) “day”.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya I would update this to ᴺQ. sanaurë “on that day (mentioned)” using Q. aurë for “day”.
sandon
adverb. *like that (mentioned)
A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/111), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and the similative suffix ᴹQ. -ndon.
sanima
adjective. such, *of that kind (mentioned)
The correlatives ᴹQ. sanima or saima “such” appeared in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/107), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and ᴹQ. -ima “kind”.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya I would update this to ᴺQ. saitë “such, of that kind (mentioned)” using the later suffix Q. -itë.
saro
adverb. therefore, for that reason named, and so
A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/112), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and ᴹQ. -ro “reason”.
sasse
pronoun. there (already discussed)
A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/97, 111), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and the locative suffix ᴹQ. -sse.
sanga-
verb. *to press, [ᴱQ.] to pack tight, compress, press; to gather
A verb in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s appearing as ᴱQ. sanga- “pack tight, compress, press” under the early root ᴱ√SAŊA (QL/81). In the Oilima Markirya poem from around 1930, Tolkien used (active participle?) sangane to mean “gather[ing]” (MC/214), perhaps with the sense “✱press together”. In the Declension of Nouns (DN) of the early 1930s Tolkien said the verb element sanga- was the basis for the noun ᴹQ. sanguma “a press” (PE21/8).
Neo-Quenya: In Tolkien’s later writings, he had the roots ᴹ√STAG “press, compress” (Ety/STAG) and √THAG “oppress, crush, press”, so I would assume the more ancient form of the verb sanga- was þanga- to be compatible with these later roots.
sallo
adverb. *thence (mentioned)
A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/112), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and the ablative suffix ᴹQ. -llo.
sanna
adverb. *thither (mentioned)
A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/112), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and the allative suffix ᴹQ. -nna.
salqe
noun. grass, grass, [ᴱQ.] long mowing grass
A noun for “grass” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from ᴹ✶SALÁK-(WĒ) (Ety/SALÁK).
Conceptual Development: The noun ᴱQ. salki “grass” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa derived from the early root ᴱ√SḶKḶ (QL/84; PME/84), but it was -salke in ᴱQ. Andesalke “Africa, Long Grass” (QL/31; PME/31). ᴱQ. salqe appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s as a cognate to ᴱN. halb “grass, long mowing grass” (PE13/147).
sarna
adjective. of stone
An adjective for “of stone” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√SAR which had other stone-related derivatives (Ety/SAR).
sarne
noun. stony place
A noun for a “stony place” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√SAR which had other stone-related derivatives (Ety/SAR). In The Lost Road as originally published, Christopher Tolkien gave this as a “strong place”, but that was corrected to “stony place” by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (EtyAC/SAR).
sambe
noun. room, chamber
A word for “room, chamber” in The Etymologies from around 1937, derived from primitive ᴹ✶stambē and cognate to N. tham “hall” under the root ᴹ√STAB (Ety/STAB).
Conceptual Development: This word first appeared as ᴱQ. sambe “chamber, room” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√SAMA (QL/81), and appeared as ᴱQ. sambe “chamber” in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/72). Its Gnomish equivalent G. tham “chamber, room” indicate the root form was actually ✱ᴱ√ÞAMA (GL/72). It reappeared as sambe “room, chamber” in the English-Qenya Dictionary from the 1920s (PE15/76). Its primitive form was given as ᴹ✶sambē “room” in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s (PE21/17), but this became ᴹ✶stambē in The Etymologies as noted above.
The Sindarin word sammath “chambers” hint at another possible root change (LotR/942); see that entry for discussion.
sak-
verb. to hurt
A verb for “to hurt” appearing only in the form sakin “hurts me” in a marginal note within the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948 (PE22/93 note #6). This note was later struck through (PE22/93 note #7), but there are hints of this verb’s continued existence in the possibly-related adjective sahta “marred” from the late 1950s (MR/405).
Neo-Quenya: Given sahta “marred”, I would also retain ᴺQ. sac- “to hurt” for purposes of Neo-Quenya.
samna
noun. wooden post
samno
noun. carpenter, wright, builder
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing as {sauro >>} samno “carpenter, wright, builder” derived from primitive ᴹ✶stabnō under the root ᴹ√STAB having to do with (wooden) rooms and buildings (Ety/STAB), where the ancient bn nasalized to mn. For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would limit this word to one who constructs buildings with wood, as opposed to tautamo as a more general word for a craftsman in wood.
sapsarra-
verb. to keep on rubbing, fray away
A frequentative form of ᴹQ. psar- “rub” in the Quenya Verbal System from 1948 (PE22/113).
sanguma
noun. press, *thing that presses
saurikumba
adjective. *foul-bellied
sangwa
noun. poison
sanka
adjective. cleft, split
sanga
noun/adjective. crowd, throng, press, pack; crowded, packed
sangahyando
proper name. Throng-cleaver
sanome(s)
adverb. *that place (mentioned)
saira
adjective. wise
sairon
noun. wizard
samna
noun. diphthong
sar
noun. stone (small)
sara
noun. stiff dry grass, bent, stiff dry grass, bent [as a type of grass]
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “stiff dry grass, bent” under the root ᴹ√STAR “stiff” (Ety/STAR). In theory “bent” may be an adjective, but more likely it refers to the species of stiff grass often used in lawns.
sa-rinke
noun. s-hook, hooked stroke in tengwa
sampane
noun. combination
sana
that (already mentioned), that very thing (already referred to)
sanda
adjective. firm, true, abiding
santa
noun. mode
sanya
adjective. regular, law-abiding, normal
sanye
noun. rule, law
saura
adjective. foul, evil-smelling, putrid
sa·nakitar
*they bites them
sa e sauten
(of the fact) that he disliked me (sc. I was aware)
sahte
noun. [unglossed]
sakkat-
verb. to rend, break asunder
sanas(se)
adverb. *there (mentioned)
sanavaldo
masculine name. Almighty
saniminye
I think so, it seems to me so
sarya
noun. [unglossed]
sat
noun. pit, pit, [ᴱQ.] hole
sa·antar
they give
apsa
noun. juice
assa
pronoun. [unglossed]
sauta- Speculative
verb. to dislike
litse
noun. sand
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “sand” derived from the root ᴹ√LIT (Ety/ERE). Its Noldorin cognate N. lith was in later writings glossed as S. lith “ash”, so it is possible this word also shifted in meaning, but Helge Fauskanger used the neologism ᴺQ. littë for “ash” in his NQNT (NQNT) to keep the two words distinct, an approach that I also advocate.
nanisáro
masculine name. Saviour of the Dani
The Quenya equivalent of Ilk. Denithor, derived from the same primitive form Ndanithārō (LR/188).
sáro
noun. saviour
varna
adjective. safe, protected, secure
An adjective in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “safe, protected, secure” under the root ᴹ√BAR “uplift, save, rescue” (Ety/BAR).
enga
preposition. save, *except
vainar
noun. sailor
elenya
noun. Saturday, *Star-day
veaner
noun. sailor
vea
noun. sea
aire
noun. sea
airen
noun. sea
earen
noun. sea
kiryasta-
verb. to sail, to sail [a ship], *make a ship go
A verb for “to sail” appearing in the phrase ᴹQ. qe e·kárie i kirya aldaryas, ni kauva kiryasta menelyas “if he finishes the boat by Monday, I shall be able to sail on Wednesday”, from the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) of 1948 (PE22/121). It is a verb form of kirya [cirya] “ship”, so more exactly appears to mean “to sail [a ship], ✱make a ship go”.
Conceptual Development: The English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s had ᴱQ. salta- “sail, used of any smooth steady progression” (PE15/77), while the slightly later Early Qenya Word-list had ᴱQ. lut- “float, sail” (PE16/134).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would ciryasta- only for the act of making a ship go: i hesto ciryasta i cirya “the captain sails the ship”. For the movement of the ship itself, I would us lut- “float, [ᴱQ.] sail”: i cirya lute i earessë “the ship sails on the sea”.
yána
noun. holy place, fane, sanctuary
@@@ used as “shrine, sanctuary” in NQNT
pirya
noun. juice, syrup, juice, syrup, *sap
A noun in The Etymologies of the late 1930s glossed “juice, syrup” derived from the root ᴹ√PIS (Ety/PIS).
Conceptual Development: Several earlier words seem to be precursors of this one. The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. pulqe “juice” under the early root ᴱ√PḶQḶ which was unglossed and had no other derivatives (QL/74). Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s had ᴱQ. pihye, a cognate of ᴱN. hí “sap, juice” and derived from ᴱ✶pisye (PE13/147). The Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s had ᴹQ. pite “juice” pl. pitsin (PE21/7).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would use this word for thicker juices, syrups and ✱sap, as opposed to ᴹQ. sáva as “juice” for drinking (such as from fruits).
vil-
verb. to fly, to fly, [ᴱQ.] float, sail
A verb given as {vilin >>} wilin “I fly” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√WIL “fly, float in air” (Ety/WIL). Tolkien gave a past form ville that was allowed to stand even after {vilin >>} wilin.
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. ’wili- “sail, fly, float” under the early root ᴱ√GWILI (QL/104). The contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon had ᴱQ. vil- as the cognate to G. gwil- “sail, float, fly” (GL/45).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would use the form vil- “to fly” in keeping with the general principle that w was pronounced and spelt v in modern Quenya; see the entry for [w] for discussion. For “sail, float” I would use other verbs such as lut-.
nirwe
noun. scar
A word for “scar” The Etymologies of the 1930s in the entry for the deleted root ᴹ√NID “hurt, injure” (Ety/NID²).
qet-
verb. to say, tell, mention
naire
noun. lament, sorrow, sorrow, *sadness, lament
nairea
adjective. sorrowful, sorrowful, *sad
nyarna
noun. tale, saga
ni qetis tule
I tell him to come, say to him to come, bid him to come
ni·te·qete tule
I tell him to come, say to him to come, bid him to come
nyáre
noun. tale, saga, history
sámen
adverb. *aiming for that (mentioned)
A correlative appearing in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/112), a combination of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” and ᴹQ. men- “aim”.
huan
noun. hound, hound, [ᴱQ.] dog
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “hound” derived from primitive ᴹ✶khugan under the root ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” (Ety/KHUGAN). It was followed a parenthetical form (húnen), likely a genitive, indicating a stem form of hún-. This word served as the basis for the name of the great Valinorian hound Huan.
Conceptual Development: The forms huan and {hwan >>} huan appeared in both the Qenya Lexicon and Qenya Phonology of the 1910s, but in both cases this word was revised to ᴱQ. fan (fand-) “dog” (QL/37; PE12/26). This word was derived from the early root ᴱ√SAẆA < sǝwǝ (QL/82) and primitive forms ᴱ✶swandǝ (PE12/26) or ᴱ✶swǝnd- (QL/82). The vacillation from huan to fan reflects Tolkien’s uncertainty on the development of initial sw- in Early Qenya, either to hw- > hu- or to f- (PE12/26 note #26). The form ᴱQ. huan (huand-) “dog” appeared in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/132). It appeared again in The Etymologies, with a new gloss “hound”, a revised derivation and a new stem form hún- (see above).
sáva
noun. juice
askat-
verb. to rend, break asunder
The verb ᴹQ. terhat- “break apart” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s, a combination of ᴹQ. ter “through” with the root ᴹ√SKAT “break asunder” (Ety/SKAT). Its past form terhante “broke” appeared in earlier versions of the Lament of Atalante from the 1930s (LR/47, 56). In versions of the poem associated with The Notion Club Papers from the 1940s, Tolkien revised terhante to askante “sunder-broke” (SD/310), and in the final version of the poem he had sakkante “rent” (SD/246). The past form sakkante is difficult to puzzle out, but askante is probably based on an augmented form askat- of the root ᴹ√SKAT.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would retain both terhat- “to break apart” and askat- “to rend, break asunder” as near synonyms, both more distinctive than the basic verb ᴹQ. hat- “break asunder”.
laive
noun. ointment
A word for “ointment” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶laibē under the root ᴹ√LIB (Ety/LIB²). The (archaic?) form laiwe appeared in notes written around 1940 as a cognate to N. glaew (TMME/53).
Conceptual Development: In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien had ᴱQ. oine “unguent” and ᴱQ. oinalis (oinaliss-) “ointment”, both under the early root ᴱ√OẎO (QL/71). ᴱQ. oine “unguent” also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/71).
lára
noun. grave
A rejected noun for “grave” in a deleted entry in The Etymologies written around 1937 for the root ᴹ√DAG “dig” (EtyAC/DAG).
Conceptual Development: There was a word ᴱQ. kaune “grave” in the Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s based on the early root ᴱ√KAVA which also meant “dig” (QL/45; PME/45). In the first version of the ᴱQ. Oilima Markirya poem and its drafts written around 1930, Tolkien used ᴱQ. sapsa or sapta for “grave” (MC/221; PE16/75), a word that is clearly based on another root meaning “dig”: ᴱ√SAPA.
Neo-Quenya: Since √SAP appeared in Tolkien’s later writings with the same or similar meaning (PE19/86), I’d adapted ᴺQ. sapta for “grave”, along with the meaning “(delved) hole, pit”; see that entry for discussion.
roita-
verb. to pursue, to pursue, *chase
A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “pursue” under the root ᴹ√ROY “chase” (Ety/ROY).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had a similar verb ᴱQ. rawa- “run, chase” under the early root ᴱ√RAẆA (QL/79). This same document also had ᴱQ. rauta- under the early root ᴱ√RAVA; this verb’s primary meaning was “chase, hunt, pursue”, with secondary meaning “extirpate, exterminate” (QL/79).
sir-
verb. to flow
A verb for “flow” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√SIR of the same meaning (Ety/SIR). It may have appeared later in its present-tense form síra in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948 as part of the sentence [ᴹQ.] númen Endorello isse sí Vaia síra “westward of Middle-earth where now Ocean flows” (PE22/126). However, it is possible that síra was intended to be present of the verb [ᴹQ.] sirya- “flow” from elsewhere in QVS; see that entry for discussion.
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. siri- “flow” under the early root ᴱ√SIŘI [SIÐI] (QL/84). See also the later verb Q. sirya-.
solor
noun. surf, surf, [ᴱQ.] surge; wavebreak, coast
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “surf” derived from the root ᴹ√SOL, more specifically from the primitive form ᴹ✶solos (Ety/SOL).
Conceptual Development: The word ᴱQ. solor (solos-) “surf, surge” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as a derivative of the root ᴱ√SOLO, alongside a longer variant solosse (QL/85). The long form had the same gloss in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa, but the short form solor was glossed “a wavebreak, coast” (PME/85). The form ᴹQ. solor “surf” in The Etymologies was abnormal, in that it showed final -s becoming -r, which may be a remnant of Early Quenya phonology; later on, final s generally survived and medial s became r.
sára
adjective. bitter
-za
pronoun. abstract object
kenya-
verb. to see
aina
adjective. holy
istya
noun. knowledge
ken-
verb. to see
laqe[t]-
verb. [unglossed]
mána
adjective. blessed
nome
noun. place
sungwa
noun. drinking-vessel
A noun for “drinking-vessel” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from ᴹ✶sukmā under the root ᴹ√SUK “drink” (Ety/SUK).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I’d stick to later Q. yulma “cup, drinking vessel” to avoid dealing with changes to the phonetic rules whereby km > gm > ngw that Tolkien made in the 1950s.
tana
that
tasse
adverb. there
a
preposition. [unglossed]
alama
noun. [unglossed]
almárea
adjective. blessed
amaldume
noun. [unglossed]
anar
noun. Sun
anaristya
noun. [unglossed]
asse
pronoun. [unglossed]
asso
pronoun. [unglossed]
atta
cardinal. two
engwa
?. [unglossed]
ente
pronoun. [unglossed]
ento
pronoun. [unglossed]
ereáma
?. [unglossed]
es
[unglossed]
esse
noun. name
esse
noun. place
felya
noun. cave
harmen
noun. south
hyelma
?. [unglossed]
há las
(introduce[s] a remarkable or incredible statement or reason)
hún
noun. earth, earth, *ground
A word in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s with stem form hun- and gloss “earth” (QL/39). It might be a later iteration of ᴱQ. han “ground, earth” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/39), and if so then hún might also be used as “✱ground”. I think it is useful to assume so for purposes of Neo-Quenya, as the other attested word for “ground”, Q. talan, is probably used more often for “floor”, including floors above the ground level.
in
pronoun. that
ista
noun. knowledge
istare
noun. knowledge
kainen
cardinal. ten
kaltua
?. [unglossed]
kanda
noun. [unglossed]
karpalimaite
noun. [unglossed]
lai
adverb. very
laire
noun. summer
lau(w)e
?. [unglossed]
lav-
verb. to lick
lunte
noun. boat
lúmeqentale
noun. history
as this form is an abstraction, it likely means “History” as a general concept
mahtya
?. [unglossed]
mai(y)a
noun. [unglossed]
maldo
noun. [unglossed]
melin
adjective. dear, dear, [ᴱQ.] beloved
men
noun. place, spot
naikea
adjective. cruel
nandakka-
verb. [unglossed]
narka-
verb. to rend
A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “to rend” derived from the root ᴹ√NARAK “tear, rend (tr. and intr.)” (Ety/NÁRAK; EtyAC/NÁRAK). In The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road Christopher Tolkien gave the form as narki (LR/375), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne corrected this to narka in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT45/37).
nerno
?. [unglossed]
niule
?. [unglossed]
nolya-
verb. to teach, to teach, *educate, tutor
nui
noun. lament
nwalka
adjective. cruel
nóle
noun. wisdom
okamna
noun. diphthong
olta-
verb. [unglossed]
pasta
adjective. smooth
pite
noun. juice
qentasse
noun. history
rampa
?. [unglossed]
sinya
adjective. new, new, *current
sisíria-
verb. [unglossed]
sá las
(introduce[s] a remarkable or incredible statement or reason)
séra
?. [unglossed]
sóla
?. [unglossed]
tane
pronoun. that
tante
noun. [unglossed]
tas
adverb. there
tatalta-
verb. [unglossed]
tek-
verb. to write, to write, [ᴱQ.] write on; to mark
tengwe
noun. writing
teuka
?. [unglossed]
thar-
verb. [unglossed]
timpana
noun. [unglossed]
tintina-
verb. to sparkle
toina
adjective. [unglossed]
tolta-
verb. to repeat
toróma
noun. [unglossed]
tsette
noun. fly
tundo
noun. hole
turma
noun. shield
tyue
noun. [unglossed]
umbas
noun. shield
ungwe
noun. gloom
unqa
adjective. hollow
uphto
noun. pit
uruite
adjective. fiery
A word in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “fiery”, an adjectival form of ᴹQ. úr “fire” under the root ᴹ√UR “be hot”, but these words were deleted when the meaning of the root was revised to “wide, large, great” (Ety/UR).
Conceptual Development: A similar word ᴱQ. uruvoite “fiery, having fire” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√URU (QL/98).
Neo-Quenya: The word úr “fire” was restored in some later writings, and this adjective may have been restored with it, but I prefer ᴺQ. úruva for “fiery”; see that entry for discussion.
valya-
verb. can
varinye
noun. [unglossed]
verka
adjective. wild
wil-
verb. to fly
yelme
noun. [unglossed]
yú-
prefix. both
yúyo
adjective. both
éma
?. [unglossed]
úrien
proper name. Summer
úruva
adjective. fiery
A word in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing as ᴹQ. úruva “fiery”, an adjectival form of ᴹQ. úr “fire” under the root ᴹ√UR “be hot”, but these words were deleted when the meaning of the root was revised to “wide, large, great” (Ety/UR).
Conceptual Development: The word ᴱQ. urūva “like fire” also appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√URU (QL/98).
Neo-Quenya: The word úr “fire” was restored in some later writings, and this adjective may have been restored with it. I personally would use ᴺQ. úruva “fiery” for purposes of Neo-Quenya. See the entry on ᴹQ. úr for further discussion on the viability of “fire” words based on √UR.
The correlative ᴹQ. sane “that (mentioned), the same one” appeared in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948, a pronominal form of ᴹQ. sa “that [anaphoric]” with masculine and feminine variants sano and {sare >>} sanie (PE23/85, 102-103).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya I would update this to ᴺQ. samo “that person (mentioned)” and ᴺQ. sama “that thing/matter (mentioned)”; compare later tamo “✱that person” and tama “that matter”.