ho

pronoun. he

ho

pronoun. he

hoth

noun. host, crowd; group plural

hoth

noun. host, crowd, horde (nearly always in a bad sense)

hobas in elf

place name. *Harbourage of the Swans

A variant form of Alfobas appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/KHOP), a combination of hobas “harbourage”, the plural form in of the definite article i, and the plural of alf “swan”.

hobas

noun. harbourage

horn

adjective. driven under compulsion, impelled (to do something)

hortha-

verb. to urge on, speed

host

noun. gross (144)

hobas

noun. harbourage

hoe

adverb/adjective. *far

hon

pronoun. he

hon(o)

pronoun. he

hono

pronoun. he

horn

adjective. driven under compulsion, impelled

hortha-

verb. to urge on, speed

host

noun. gross (144)

rhom

noun. horn, trumpet

rhom

noun. horn, trumpet

rhomru

noun. sound of horns

orthor

verb. (he) masters, conquers

rhoeg

adjective. crooked, bent, wrong

rhond

noun. cave roof

rhond

noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed

rhonn

noun. cave roof

rhonn

noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed

thosta-

verb. to stink

fanuiras

place name. Horn of Cloud

Earliest name for Fanuidhol in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s glossed “Horn of Cloud” (TI/174), a combination of fanui “cloudy” and the lenited form of rhas “horn”.

bair nestad

place name. Houses of Healing

Noldorin name for the Houses of Healing appearing only in the Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s along with several variations (WR/379-380). It is a combination of the plural of bár “home” and nestad “healing”.

Conceptual Development: In a somewhat later typescript version, the form of this name was Edeb na Nestad, but this was rejected (WR/380).

car(dh)

noun. house, house, *construction, structure

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing as car or carð with the gloss “house” under the root ᴹ√KAR “make, build, construct” (Ety/KAR). Its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. kar (kard-) was glossed “building, house”.

Neo-Sindarin: Given the meaning of its root, I would use cardh for any kind of building-like construction or structure for purposes of Neo-Sindarin. For an ordinary “house” where people live, I would use S. bâr.

glî

noun. honey

A word for “honey” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶g-lisi under the root ᴹ√LIS of the same meaning (Ety/LIS).

Conceptual Development: In Early Noldorin Word-lists Tolkien also had ᴱN. glí “honey” (PE13/144), presumably similarly derived from the early root ᴱ√LISI. However, in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s the word for “honey” was G. neglis with an initial element √neg- (GL/59), the Gnomish equivalent of the early root ᴱ√NEHE that was the basis for ᴱQ. nekte “honey” (QL/65). It is possible that the second element of G. neglis was based on ᴱ√LISI and this was carried forward into later “honey” words.

iaun

noun. holy place, fane, sanctuary, holy place, fane, sanctuary, *shrine, temple

A noun for “holy place, fane, sanctuary” appearing in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of the root ᴹ√(A)YAN (Ety/YAN). Its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. yána suggests a primitive form yānā [jānā], with the medial primitive long vowel [ā] developing into the diphthong [au] as usual.

Conceptual Development: This word has no clear precursors in Tolkien’s earlier writings, but in the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s, the word G. gorthin was glossed “fane, temple” and G. alc(hor) was glossed “shrine, fane, temple” (GL/18, 42).

Neo-Sindarin: This word does not appear in Tolkien’s later writings, but it is consistent with the phonetic rules of Sindarin and a later version of its root √AYA(N) does appear (PE17/145), though it does conflict with iaun “wide”.

lobor

noun. horse, [heavy riding] horse

A word for “horse” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, derived from the root ᴹ√LOP (EtyAC/LOP). It did not appear in The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road, but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne reported it in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT45/28).

Conceptual Development: The similar word G. lobros “steed, horse” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/54), clearly based on the early root ᴱ√LOPO that was the basis for “horse” words in the Qenya Lexicon (QL/56). In The Etymologies, Tolkien first gave the root as ᴹ√LOB and the Noldorin form as {lum >>} lhuv, perhaps from ✱lōbo, but these were deleted and replaced by ᴹ√LOP and lobor.

Neo-Sindarin: Since Tolkien sometimes described S. roch as a “swift horse”, I’d assume lobor was a heavy riding horse or war horse.

nan-eregdos

place name. Hollin

Earliest Elvish name for “Hollin” (S. Eregion) appearing in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (TI/166), apparently a combination of nann “grassland” and eregdos “holly”.

taew

noun. holder, socket, hasp, clasp, staple

A noun for “holder, socket, hasp, clasp, staple” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶takmā “thing for fixing” under the root ᴹ√TAK “fix, make fast” (Ety/TAK). Here it seems the g vocalized to i to produce the diphthong ai, which then became ae, while the post-vocalic m softened to v and then became w as it often did at the end of words: ✱takma > taima > taem(a) > taev > taew. The Sindarin developments would have been similar.

Based on its long list of glosses, it seems taew could be used of fasteners in general, both movable like a hasp or clasp, as well as fixed like a staple or socket, as opposed to its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. tangwa which could be used only if a movable “hasp, clasp”.

tarag

noun. horn; steep mountain peak

A noun for “horn” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√TARAK “horn (of animals)” (Ety/TARÁK). In The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road, Christopher Tolkien wrote that it was also used for “steep mountain pass” (LR/391), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne indicated that J.R.R. Tolkien’s actual words were “steep mountain peak” in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT46/17). This word appeared in the name N. Taragaer “Ruddyhorn”, a precursor to Caradhras in Lord of the Rings drafts of the 1940s (RS/419, 433).

Conceptual Development: A similar word G. târ “a horn” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/69), equivalent to ᴱQ. taru “horn” from the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon (QL/89).

tilion

masculine name. Horned

Noldorin equivalent of ᴹQ. Tilion appearing only in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/TIL), a combination of till “horn” and an adjective suffix -(i)on (assuming it is not simply a direct adaptation of his Quenya name).

edeb na nestad

place name. Houses of Healing

A rejected Noldorin name for the Houses of Healing (WR/380). It is a combination of the plural of adab “house”, the preposition na “of” and the noun nestad “healing”.

gawad

adjective. howling

A word for “howling” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, the noun (gerund) form of N. gaw- “to howl” (Ety/ÑGAW).

nenvithim

place name. Hoardales

Name of the region north of Rivendell of unclear derivation, first named Nen Fimred (TI/10) and later named Nenvithim (TI/114). Roman Rausch suggested several possible derivations for both names (EE/2.1).

nos finrod

proper name. House of Finrod

A name appearing only in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/NŌ), a combination of noss “clan, family, ‘house’” and Finrod, so meaning “House of Finrod”. It replaced a deleted form Nos Chwinrod, apparently containing a mutated form of Finrod (VTE/46 p. 6).

angos

noun. horror

bár

noun. home; earth

dath

noun. hole, pit; steep fall, abyss

del

noun. horror

deleb

adjective. horrible, abominable, loathsome

ereg

noun. holly-tree

eregdos

noun. holly, holly-tree

eregion

place name. Hollin

gamp

noun. hook, claw

gas

noun. hole, gap

goroth

noun. horror

harthad

noun. hope

herth

noun. household, troop

huan

masculine name. hound

huan

noun. hound

mitheithel

place name. Hoarwell

nîdh

noun. honeycomb

rhas

noun. horn [of both animals and mountains]

rhasg

noun. horn

rhaudh

adjective. hollow, cavernous

rohan

place name. Horse-land

rohiroth

collective name. Horse-lords, Horse-masters

till

noun. horn

ûn

noun. howl; groan

car

noun. house, building

cardh

noun. house, building

dath

noun. hole, pit, steep fall, abyss

deleb

adjective. horrible, abominable, loathsome

ereg

noun. holly-tree, thorn

eregdos

noun. holly, holly-tree

gamp

noun. hook, claw, crook

gas

noun. hole, gap

gawad

gerund noun. howling

glî

noun. honey

goroth

noun. horror

herth

noun. household, troop under a "hîr" (master, lord)

iaun

noun. holy place, fane, sanctuary

lobor

noun. horse

meglin

adjective. honey-eater, bear-like

nen fimred

place name. Hoardale, Wolfdale, Entishdale

nîdh

noun. honeycomb

rhas

noun. horn (especially on living animal, but also applied to mountains)

The form rhaes in the Etymologies is a misreading according to VT/46:10

rhasg

noun. horn (especially on living animal, but also applied to mountains)

rhaudh

adjective. hollow, cavernous

roch

noun. horse, swift horse for riding

taew

noun. holder, socket, hasp, clasp, staple

tarag

noun. horn

tild

noun. horn, point

till

noun. horn, point

torech

noun. hole, excavation, lair

adab

noun. building, house

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “building, house” derived from primitive ᴹ✶atakwē under the root ᴹ√TAK “fix, make fast” (Ety/TAK). Here the ancient kw became p and then the voiceless t, p became voiced d, b as they generally did after vowels. It had a (Noldorin) plural form edeb, also appearing in a (rejected) name N. Edeb na Nestad “Houses of Healing” from Lord of the Rings drafts of the 1940s (WR/380). Its Sindarin plural would be ✱edaib.

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien had G. bad “building, outhouse, shed” related to G. bada- “build” (GL/21). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s Tolkien had ᴱN. adob “(a) building” from primitive ᴱ✶atāqa (PE13/136, 158, 165); in this period it also served as the infinitive of the verb N. adag- “to build, erect” (PE13/132, 158).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would use this word primarily in the sense of “a building”; for an ordinary “house” where people live, I would use S. bâr.

gaw-

verb. to howl

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “howl” derived from the root ᴹ√ÑGAW of the same meaning (Ety/ÑGAW).

Conceptual Development: This might be a later iteration of G. gab- “bark, bay of dogs” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/36), which was probably derived from the early root ᴱ√YAPA “snarl, snap, bark ill-temperedly” since initial y usually became g in Gnomish.

rhŷn

noun. chaser, hound of chase

The word N. rhŷn “‘chaser’, hound of chase” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶ronyō under the root ᴹ√ROY “chase” (Ety/ROY¹). It is not entirely clear how the ŷ arose in this word; compare N. rhein < rhœin (< ✱ronya) < ᴹ✶runya (Ety/RUN) which shows the more typical Noldorin phonetic developments. Perhaps it was a dialectical development, or was based on a variant primitive form ronı̯- with early o-loss.

Neo-Sindarin: This word is generally adapted as ᴺS. rŷn for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, as suggested in HSD (HSD).

rosta-

verb. to hollow out, excavate

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing in its [Noldorin] infinitive form rosto, glossed “to hollow out, excavate” and derived from the root ᴹ√ROD “cave” (Ety/ROD). Likely its primitive form was ✱rod-tā, where d+t became st in ancient Elvish.

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. tumla- {“dig a hole, excavate” >>} “excavate, hollow out” (GL/72), likely derived from the early root ᴱ√TUM(B)U having to do with hollow things, as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Tombo; QL/095).

êg

noun. thorn

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “thorn” under the root ᴹ√EK (Ety/EK). In The Etymologies this root was glossed “spear”, but I think this gloss applied only to the extended form of the root √EKTE, because elsewhere √EK had other glosses like “sharp, (sharp) point, thorn” (WJ/365; VT48/25; PE22/127).

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, G. eg merely meant “point” (GL/32) while G. aith was “thorn” (GL/18), both from the early root ᴱ√EKE or ᴱ√EHE having to do with points (GL/31; QL/35). In Gnomish Lexicon Slips this became G. aithr “thorn” which also had an archaic sense “†sword” (PE13/108), a word that also appeared as ᴱN. aithr “thorn, [archaic] †sword” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/136).

nos feanor

proper name. *House of Feanor

A name appearing only in The Etymologies from the 1930s (EtyAC/NŌ), a combination of noss “clan, family, ‘house’” and Feanor, so meaning “✱House of Feanor”. It replaced a deleted form Nos Chweanor, apparently containing a mutated form of Feanor.

buia-

verb. to serve, hold allegiance to

gar-

verb. to hold, have, to hold, have, *possess

girith

noun. shuddering, horror

gweith

noun. manhood; man-power, troop of able bodied men, host, regiment

hartha-

verb. to hope

noss

noun. clan, family, ‘house’

rhim

noun. crowd, host

roch

noun. (swift) horse

terch

noun. lair, hole

tîr

adjective. straight, right, straight, right; [G.] upright, honest; esteem, regard, honour

úrui

noun. August, *Hot-one

adab

noun. building, house

buia-

verb. to serve, to hold allegiance to

del

noun. fear, disgust, loathing, horror

gar-

verb. to hold, have

gaul

noun. wolf-howl

gaw-

verb. to howl

gerin

verb. I hold, I have

girith

noun. shuddering, horror

gobel

noun. walled house or village, town

gwador

noun. brother (especially used of those not brothers by blood, but sworn brothers or associates)

gwaith

noun. manhood

gwaith

noun. man power, troop of able-bodied men, host, regiment, people

gweith

noun. manhood

gweith

noun. man power, troop of able-bodied men, host, regiment, people

rhafn

noun. wing (horn), extended point at side, etc.

rhaug

noun. a powerful, hostile and terrible creature, a demon

rhim

noun. crowd, host, great number

rhimb

noun. crowd, host, great number

rhŷn

noun. "chaser", hound of chase

rosta-

verb. to hollow out, excavate

ters

noun. (fine pierced) hole

tess

noun. (fine pierced) hole

êg

noun. thorn

brôg

noun. bear

A noun for “bear” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶morókō under the root ᴹ√MOROK (Ety/MORÓK), where the initial syllable reduced to m’rokō and then the initial mr became br.

Conceptual Development: A likely precursor to this word is ᴱN. gorch “bear” (also “fierce fighter”) from Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/145, 149).

cobas

place name. Haven

The bay north of Dol Amroth in early maps of Gondor from the 1940s (TI/312, WR/434), unnamed in the maps published in The Lord of the Rings. The name is similar to N. hobas “harbourage” and ᴱQ. kópas “harbour”. It was probably derived from the root ᴹ√KOP, a (rejected) variant of ᴹ√KHOP > hobas from The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/KOP, Ety/KHOP). See the entry on ᴹ√KHOP for details.

coe

noun. earth

An indeclinable word given as {cíw >>} coe “earth” in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of the root ᴹ√KEM (Ety/KEM; EtyAC/KEM).

Possible Etymology: The primitive form of rejected cíw is given as ᴹ✶kēm and its derivation is clear: the long ē became ī and then the final m reduced to w after i as usual. The derivation of coe is more obscure, however. The likeliest explanation is that Tolkien imagined its ancient form with a slightly lowered vowel which he generally represented as ǣ in this period (in later writings as ę̄). According to the first version of the Tengwesta Qenderinwa and Comparative Vowel Tables from the 1930s (PE18/46; PE19/25), ǣ &gt; ei &gt; ai &gt; ae, and in The Etymologies itself, it seems ai often became oe instead of ae.

Neo-Sindarin: Updating the derivation of hypothetical ✱kę̄m would produced ᴺS. cae in Sindarin phonology. But given the obscurity of its derivation, I recommend using 1950s S. ceven for “earth” instead.

garaf

noun. wolf

A noun for “wolf” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√ÑGARAM (Ety/ÑGAR(A)M).

Conceptual Development: This word seems to have replaced N. araf or aram derived from the rejected root ᴹ√ƷARAM with various glosses like “wolf” or (small or swift) “dog” (Ety/ƷARAM; EtyAC/ƷARAM). This in turn may be a later iteration of G. harog or harw “wolf” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with feminine variant G. harach “a she-wolf” (GL/48).

gathrod

noun. cave

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “cave”, apparently a combination of N. gath “cavern” and ᴹ√ROT “tunnel” (Ety/GAT(H)). Its initial element also appeared in the name N. Doriath “Land of the Cave”, but in later writings S. Doriath was redefined as “Land of the Fence” with final element S. iath “fence” (WJ/370), so N. gathrod “cave” was probably abandoned.

gwathfuin-daidelos

place name. Deadly Nightshade

An earlier name for S. Deldúwath appearing in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, glossed “Deadly Nightshade” (LR/133) or “Night of Dread’s Shadow” (LR/406). It is a combination of gwath “shade”, fuin “night” and Daedhelos “Shadow of Fear”.

haust

noun. bed

A word for “bed” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶khau̯-stā “rest-ing” under the root ᴹ√KHAW “rest, lie at ease” (Ety/KHAW; EtyAC/KHAW).

Conceptual Development: A similar form G. haus “bed” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s based on G. hau- “to lie” (GL/48).

math-fuin-delos

place name. Deadly Nightshade

Earliest name for S. Deldúwath appearing in Silmarillion drafts from the early 1930s, glossed “Deadly Nightshade” (SM/299). It is a combination of G. math “dusk”, N. fuin “night” and a variant form delos of deloth “abhorrence”.

tunn

noun. hill, mound

N. tunn “hill, mound” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a derivative of the root ᴹ√TUN (Ety/TUN). Tolkien’s continued use of Q. Túna for the name of a hill in Valinor implies the ongoing validity of its root, so perhaps this word remained valid as well.

Conceptual Development: The word ᴱN. tûn “mound, bare hill” appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/154). G. tûn also appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, but there it was unglossed and had no obvious cognates, so it is not clear what Tolkien intended it to mean (GL/72).

Neo-Sindarin: In keeping with the rule whereby nd was retained “at the end of fully accented monosyllables” (LotR/1115), I’d represent this form as ᴺS. tund in Neo-Sindarin.

tôr

noun. brother

An (archaic) word for “brother” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√TOR of the same meaning, with an irregular plural terein (Ety/TOR). In ordinary speech, it was replaced by muindor, with an initial element muin “dear”.

Neo-Sindarin: In notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien introduced a new word hanar for “brother” (VT47/14). However, I think †tôr and related words might be retained to mean a “metaphorical brother”, a close male associate who may or may not be related by blood, as with such words as gwador “(sworn) brother, associate”. In this paradigm, I would assume muindor still refers to a brother by blood, with an added connotation of strong affection.

ûn

noun. creature

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “creature” derived from the root ᴹ√ONO “beget” (Ety/ONO), perhaps from a primitive form ✱ōno with ancient ō becoming ū.

o

preposition. from, of (preposition (as a proclitic) used in either direction, from or to the point of view of the speaker)

According to WJ/366, the preposition "is normally o in all positions, though od appears occasionally before vowels, especially before o-". With a suffixed article, see also uin

hûb

noun. haven, harbour, small landlocked bay

hûd

noun. assembly, assembly, *gathering, moot

amar

noun. Earth

amon

noun. hill

borth

?. [unglossed]

carth

noun. deed

deldúwath

place name. Deadly Nightshade

diragas

?. [unglossed]

draug

noun. wolf

draugluin

masculine name. Werewolf

fela

noun. cave

forn(en)

adjective. closed

gae

noun. dread

gaer

adjective. dreadful

gaur

noun. werewolf

gorgor

adjective. dreadful

hae

adverb/adjective. *far

haf-

verb. to sit

hal-

verb. to lift

hand

noun. seat

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

iest

noun. wish

ment

noun. point

menwed

?. [unglossed]

muin

adjective. secret

nith

?. [unglossed]

nithrad

?. [unglossed]

níth

?. [unglossed]

ongol

noun. stench

perian

noun. Halfling

porennin

?. [unglossed]

rhaen

adjective. crooked

taer

adjective. straight

telwen

?. [unglossed]

thû

noun. stench

ûl

noun. odour, odour, *smell, scent

amar

noun. earth

ambar

noun. earth

amon

noun. hill, steep-sided mount

angol

noun. stench

angol

noun. stench

auth

noun. war, battle

blâb

verb. (he) flaps, beats

The Etymologies seem to list this word as a noun, but it is clearly the third person singular of the verb

brass

noun. white heat

brôg

noun. bear

brûn

adjective. old, that has long endured, or been established, or in use

caraes

noun. jagged hedge of spikes

carag

noun. spike, tooth of rock

cardh

noun. deed, feat

carth

noun. deed, feat

cen-

verb. to see

cirban

noun. haven

cirban

noun. haven

clei

?. [unglossed]

coe

noun. earth

This word is indeclinable, according to the Etymologies

coen

?. [unglossed]

cum

noun. mound, heap

cumb

noun. mound, heap

draug

noun. wolf

dúath

noun. darkness, shadow

dúath

noun. nightshade

dúwath

noun. darkness, shadow

dúwath

noun. nightshade

ecthel

noun. point (of spear)

egnas

noun. sharp point

egnas

noun. peak

egthel

noun. point (of spear)

ethir

noun. mouth (of a river), estuary

fela

noun. cave

gad-

verb. to catch

gae

noun. dread

gaer

adjective. dreadful

garaf

noun. wolf

gathrod

noun. cave

gaur

noun. werewolf

glavra-

verb. to babble

goe

noun. dread

gondrafn

noun. hewn stone

gondram

noun. hewn stone

gonn

noun. great stone, rock

gost

noun. dread

gosta-

verb. to fear exceedingly

gwaith

noun. region, wilderness

gwedh-

verb. to bind

gweith

noun. region, wilderness

haen

adverb/adjective. *far

haudh

noun. (burial) mound, grave, tomb

haust

noun. bed

hûb

noun. haven, harbour, small land-locked bay

hûd

noun. assembly

hûn

noun. heart (physical)

iest

noun. wish

ingem

adjective. old (of person, in mortal sense: decripit, suffering from old age)

New word coined by the Elves after meeting with Men

lhammas

noun. account of tongues

lhâf

verb. (he) licks

lhôd

verb. (he) floats

lhû

noun. a time, occasion

lorn

noun. haven

mad-

verb. to eat

mauth

?. [unglossed]

megli

noun. bear

ment

noun. point

mindon

noun. isolated hill, especially a hill with a watch tower

mindon

noun. tower

muindor

noun. brother

muindor

noun. brother

mân

noun. departed spirit

môr

noun. darkness, dark, night

nass

noun. point, (sharp) end

nass

noun. angle or corner

nella-

verb. to sound (of bells)

nos

noun. kindred, family, clan

noss

noun. kindred, family, clan

nothlir

noun. family line (esp. as family tree, genealogical tree)

osgar

verb. (he) cuts, amputates

ovras

noun. crowd, heap.

rhaen

adjective. crooked

rhû

noun. loud-sound, trumpet-sound

rond

noun. cave

sarn

noun. stone (as a material)

Sern in UT/463 is a misprint, see VT/42:11

sarn

noun. small stone

Sern in UT/463 is a misprint, see VT/42:11

síla

verb. (he) shines white

sôg

verb. (he) drinks

taer

adjective. straight

Written tær (with ae-ligature) in the Etymologies, rectified here according to VT/46:18 (which also lists the ligature)

talaf

noun. ground, floor

tarag

noun. steep mountain peak

thang

noun. compulsion, duress, need, oppression

thaun

noun. pine-tree

thela

noun. point (of spear)

thia

verb. it appears

thurin

adjective. secret, hidden

thû

noun. stench

tund

noun. hill, mound

tunn

noun. hill, mound

tîr

adjective. straight, right

tôg

verb. (he) leads, brings

tôl

verb. (he) comes

According to WJ/301, the expression tôl acharn "vengeance comes" was later changed to tûl acharn by Tolkien

tôr

noun. brother

The word muindor is more usual

uidavnen

adjective. ever-closed

Normalized to uidafnen, as in lefnui

ûl

noun. odour

ûn

noun. creature