#tuv-

find

#tuv- vb. "find", perfect #utúvië "has found" in Aragorn's exclamation when he found the sapling of the White Tree: utúvienyes "I have found it" (utúvie-nye-s "have found-I-it") (LotR3:VI ch. 5)

hir-

find

hir- vb. "find", future tense hiruva in Namárië (hiruvalyë "thou shalt find") (Nam, RGEO:67, VT49:39); Hirilondë "Haven-finder", name of a ship (UT:192)

findl

lock of hair, tress

findl noun "lock of hair, tress" (but findil elsewhere in LotR-style Quenya, no word can end in -dl). (LT2:341)

findë

hair

findë (1) noun "hair" (especially of the head) (PM:340), "a tress or plait of hair" (PM:345), "tress, braid of hair, lock of hair" (SPIN)

finë

hair

finë (1) (stem *fini-, given the primitive form ¤phini) noun "a hair" _(PM:340, PE17:17) or "larch" (SPIN)_

findelë

tress, lock

findelë noun "tress, lock" (PE17:119); apparently a synonym of findë #1, q.v.

hir-

verb. to find

Cognates

• ᴺS. hir- “to find, *light on, chance on”

Derivations

• √KHIR “light on, find” ✧ PE17/075

Element in

• ᴺQ. alahírima “unfindable, impossible to find”
• Q. Hirilondë “Haven-finder”
• Q. nai elyë hiruva. namárië! “maybe even thou shalt find it. farewell!” ✧ LotR/0378; PE17/075; RGEO/58
• Q. nai elyë hiruva. namárië! “be-it-that even you will find [it]. farewell!” ✧ RGEO/59
• Q. nai hirinyes “it may well chance for me to find it” ✧ PE22/151
• Q. nai lye hiruva airëa Amanar “may thee find a blessed Amanar [Yule]” ✧ Minor-Doc/1963-12-18
• Q. nai nin híres “it may well chance for me to find it” ✧ PE22/151
• Q. namárië! nai hiruvalyë Valimar “farewell! maybe thou shalt find Valimar” ✧ LotR/0378; RGEO/58
• Q. namárië! nai hiruvalyë Valimar “farewell! be-it-that you will find Valimar” ✧ RGEO/59

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√KHIR > hiruva	[kʰir-] > [xir-] > [hir-]	✧ PE17/075

fende

noun. door

fendë

noun. door

A word appearing as {phende >>} fende “door” in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969 (PE22/166 and note #112). The deleted variant probably indicates its primitive form.

Conceptual Development: The earliest “door” word was ᴱQ. posta in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root {ᴱ√PONO >>} ᴱ√BOÐO (QL/75). Another precursor was ᴹQ. fenda “threshold” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√PHEN (Ety/PHEN). In notes from December 1959 (D59) Tolkien gave Q. fenna as a derivative of √PHEN and cognate to S. fen, all meaning “door” (PE17/181).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I prefer 1969 fendë as the word for “door”, but I think [ᴹQ.] fenda “threshold” might remain viable as a separate derivative of the root.

Changes

• phende → fende ✧ PE22/166

Cognates

• S. fen(n) “door, door; [N.] threshold” ✧ PE17/045; PE17/181

Derivations

• √PHEN “door” ✧ PE17/181

Element in

• Q. á sac’ i fendë, mecin “close the door, please” ✧ PE22/166
• ᴺQ. fennatir “door-watcher”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√PHEN > fenna	[pʰenna] > [ɸenna] > [fenna]	✧ PE17/181

Variations

• fenna ✧ PE17/045; PE17/181
• fende ✧ PE22/166
• phende ✧ PE22/166 (phende)

fenna

door

fenna noun "door" (PE17:45, 181)

fenna

noun. door

phin-

single hair, filament

phin- noun "a single hair, filament" (PE17:17); this is may be seen as an "element" rather than a regular word; the spelling ph rather than f is unusual for Quenya. See fine.

tuv-

verb. to find, discover

Cognates

• ᴺS. tov- “to find”

Element in

• Q. túvima “discoverable”

cim-

verb. light on, find, come by

loxë

hair

loxë (1) ("ks")noun "hair" (LOK). In later sources Tolkien uses findë, findessë, findilë for "hair", leaving the conceptual status of loxë uncertain.

cam-

receive

#cam- vb. "receive" (attested in the past tense #camnë with pronominal endings added: camnelyes "you received it") (VT47:21)

tuvu-

receive

tuvu- vb. "receive" (GL:71; is this "Qenya" word related to #tuv- "find"?)

atsa

catch, hook, claw

atsa noun "catch, hook, claw" (GAT)

find

noun. a tress

find

noun. single hair

n. single hair (of man or elf). >> finn

find

noun. tress; single hair, tress, [ON.] lock of hair; [ᴱN.] hair (in general); [S.] single hair

This word had a quite lengthy history as an element in the name S. Glorfindel “Golden Hair”. It appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s as G. finn “a lock of hair” (GL/35), simply as ᴱN. find or finn “hair” in Early Noldorin Word-lists (PE13/143), and as Old Noldorin sphinde “lock of hair” from The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√SPIN (Ety/SPIN). In notes from the mid-1960s Tolkien said that find, finn meant a “single hair (of man or elf)” vs. S. †findel for a head of hair (PE17/17), but in The Shibboleth of Fëanor from 1968 Tolkien said it meant “tress” and was derived from primitive ✶phindē (PM/362 note #37).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I’d use fîn for a single hair, find for hair in general or for a tress or lock of hair, and finnel for an entire head of hair.

Cognates

• Q. finë “(single) hair, filament” ✧ PE17/017
• Q. findë “hair (especially of the head), tress or plait of hair, hair (especially of the head); tress or plait of hair, [ᴹQ.] braid of hair” ✧ PM/345

Derivations

• ✶spindē “tress, braid of hair” ✧ PE17/017
  • √SPIN(ID) “fine thread, filament; hair” ✧ PE17/017
• ✶phindē “tress” ✧ PM/362
  • √SPIN(ID) “fine thread, filament; hair”

Element in

• ᴺS. fidhren “having hair, -haired”
• S. Glorfinniel “Goldilocks”
• ᴺS. gwirfin “braid, pigtail, (lit.) woven-tress”
• ᴺS. merifind “Black-haired”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶spindē > find	[spindē] > [spinde] > [sɸinde] > [ɸinde] > [finde] > [find] > [finn]	✧ PE17/017
✶phindē > find	[pʰindē] > [pʰinde] > [ɸinde] > [finde] > [find] > [finn]	✧ PM/362

Variations

• finn ✧ PE17/017
• finn- ✧ PM/362

fing

noun. lock of hair

A noun appearing in 1967 notes on the Nomenclature of the Lord of the Rings as an element in Finglas “Leaflock” (RC/760). The form fineg appeared unglossed in notes from around 1965 as a derivative of ✶phinik (PE17/17). The word fing is more obscure than S. find of similar meaning.

Conceptual Development: The word G. fingl or finnil “a tress” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/35). In that period, the gl was probably the result of the sound change whereby ðl became gl, since this early form was likely derived from the root ᴱ√FIŘI [FIÐI] (QL/38). When it first appeared, the name N. Finglas (= find + las?) may also have had a similar sound change, but since Tolkien abandoned that phonetic rule in Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s (compare S. edlenn vs. N. eglenn “exiled”), Tolkien needed to come up with a new etymology.

Cognates

• Q. finca “[unglossed]” ✧ PE17/017

Derivations

• ✶phinik ✧ PE17/017
  • √SPIN(ID) “fine thread, filament; hair” ✧ PE17/017

Element in

• S. Finglas “Leaflock” ✧ RC/760
• ᴺS. orfing “pear, *(lit.) hair-apple”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶finik/fink > fineg	[pʰinika] > [ɸinika] > [ɸineka] > [fineka] > [finek] > [fineg]	✧ PE17/017

Variations

• fineg ✧ PE17/017

finn

noun. single hair

n. single hair (of man or elf). >> find

finn

noun. tress; single hair, tress; single hair; [ᴱN.] hair; [G.] lock of hair

finn-

noun. a tress

fîn

noun. a tress

fen

noun. door, threshold

fen

door

_ n. _door. Q. fenna. >> fennas

fen(n)

noun. door, door; [N.] threshold

A word for “door” in the name Fen Hollen “Closed Door” (LotR/826; RC/550). In notes from December 1959 (D59), Tolkien based it on the root √PHEN and gave its Quenya equivalent as fenna, indicating a primitive form of ✱phennā (PE17/181). If so, its ordinary form should be fenn, and this was indeed the form in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (WR/341). Perhaps fen is a reduced pseudo-prefixal form.

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien had N. fenn “threshold” derived from ON. phenda under the root ᴹ√PHEN (Ety/PHEN).

Neo-Sindarin: I don’t think the senses “door” and “threshold” are likely to coexist, so for purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would limit fenn to “door” and would use ᴺS. fend < ✱phenda for “threshold”, following the principle that nd remained “at the end of fully accented monosyllables” in Sindarin (LotR/1115).

Cognates

• Q. fendë “door” ✧ PE17/045; PE17/181

Derivations

• √PHEN “door” ✧ PE17/181

Element in

• S. Fen Hollen “Closed Door, Shut Door” ✧ PE17/045; PE17/098; RC/550
• S. fennas “great door, doorway, gateway” ✧ PE17/045

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√PHEN > fen	[pʰenna] > [ɸenna] > [fenna] > [fenn]	✧ PE17/181

Variations

• fen ✧ PE17/045; PE17/098; PE17/181
• Fen ✧ RC/550

laws

noun. hair ringlet

annon

noun. great door or gate

raeda-

verb. to catch in a net

find

hair

(construct fin), no distinct pl. form, coll. pl. finnath.

find

tress

find (lock of hair). Construct fin; no distinct pl. form; coll pl. finnath.

find

tress

(lock of hair). Construct fin; no distinct pl. form; coll pl. finnath.

find

lock of hair

find (tress). Construct fin; no distinct pl. form; coll pl. finnath

find

lock of hair

(tress). Construct fin; no distinct pl. form; coll pl. finnath

hir-

verb. find

fend

door

(threshold), construct fen, pl. find, coll. pl. fennath, 2) fennas (gateway), pl. fennais, coll. pl. fennassath, 3) annon (great gate), pl. ennyn

fend

treshold

fend (door), construct fen, pl. find, coll. pl. fennath

fend

treshold

(door), construct fen, pl. find, coll. pl. fennath

fing

lock of hair

fing (no distinct pl. form)

tov-

verb. to find

Cognates

• Q. tuv- “to find, discover”

fîn

hair

1) (a single hair) fîn (construct fin), no distinct pl. form. (PM:362), 2) (lock of hair, tress) find (construct fin), no distinct pl. form, coll. pl. finnath.

fîn

hair

(construct fin), no distinct pl. form. (PM:362)

gad

catch

(i ’âd, i ngedir = i ñedir), pa.t. gant;

fast

shaggy hair

(pl. faist if there is a pl.).

hir-

verb. to find, *light on, chance on

Cognates

• Q. hir- “to find”

Derivations

• √KHIR “light on, find”

raeda

catch in a net

(i raeda, idh raedar) (VT42:12)

phindē

noun. tress

Derivations

• √SPIN(ID) “fine thread, filament; hair”

Derivatives

• S. find “tress; single hair, tress, [ON.] lock of hair; [ᴱN.] hair (in general); [S.] single hair” ✧ PM/362

Element in

• ✶Malaphinde “Goldlocks”

phin

root. hair

khir

root. light on, find

A root serving as the basis for Q. hir- “find” from Notes on Galadriel’s Song (NGS) from the late 1950s or early 1960s (PE17/75).

Derivatives

• Q. hir- “to find” ✧ PE17/075
• ᴺS. hir- “to find, *light on, chance on”

phen

root. door

The root ᴹ√PHEN first appeared (unglossed) in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like ᴹQ. fenda “threshold” and N. fenn “threshold, door” (Ety/PHEN). The root √PHEN “door” reappeared in etymological notes from 1959 as the basis for Q. fendë/S. fen “door” (PE17/181). The most notable name associated with this root was S. Fen Hollen “Closed Door” from The Lord of the Rings (LotR/826; RC/550) along with its precursors in LotR drafts: N. Fenn Forn(en) and N. Fenn Uiforn (WR/338, 341).

Derivatives

• Q. fendë “door” ✧ PE17/181
• ᴺS. fend “threshold”
• S. fen(n) “door, door; [N.] threshold” ✧ PE17/181

findel

noun. (braided) hair

fend

noun. door, threshold

finnel

noun. (braided) hair

fenn

noun. door, threshold

fast

noun. shaggy hair

gad-

verb. to catch

lhaws

noun. hair ringlet

annon

noun. great door or gate