ringë adj. "cold", also ringa (which form is to be preferred; cf. Ringarë in LotR). In the Etymologies as printed in LR, ringë is also given as a noun "cold pool or lake (in mountains)", but according to VT46:11 this noun should read ringwë. (RINGI)
Quenya
niquë
noun. cold, cold; [ᴹQ.] snow
Derivations
- √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168
Element in
- Q. taniquelassë “*high-white-leaf”
- Q. Taniquetil “High White Peak” ✧ PE17/168; PE17/168
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √NIK > nī̆que [nikwe] ✧ PE17/168 Variations
- nī̆que ✧ PE17/168
- nique ✧ WJ/417
ringa
cold
ringa
adjective. cold, cold, [ᴱQ.] chilly; damp
Cognates
- S. ring “cold, chill, cold, chill, [G.] cool”
Derivations
Element in
- Q. Ringarë “December, *Coldness”
- Q. ringa súmaryassë “in her cold bosom” ✧ MC/222
- Q. yá hríve menë, ringa ná “when winter comes/arrives/is with us, it is cold” ✧ VT49/23 (
yá hríve tene, ringa ná)
ringë
cold
yelwa
cold
yelwa (2) adj. "cold" (LT1:260 this "Qenya" word is apparently obsoleted by # 1 above. In LotR-style Quenya, the regular term for "cold" seems to be ringa.)
fána
adjective. white, white; [ᴹQ.] cloud
@@@ as suggested by Helge Fauskanger, the form fánë “white” in the Markirya poem may be a slip or misreading
Element in
- Q. man cenuva fána cirya? “Who shall see a white ship?” ✧ MC/221
- Q. man tiruva fána cirya? “Who shall heed a white ship?” ✧ MC/222
Variations
- fáne ✧ MC/221; MC/222
ninquë
white, chill, cold, palid
ninquë adj. "white, chill, cold, palid" (WJ:417, SA:nim, PE17:168, NIK-W - spelt "ninqe" in Etym and in LT1:266, MC:213, MC:220, GL:60), pl. ninqui in Markirya. Compounded in Ninquelótë noun "White-Flower" (SA:nim), = Sindarin Nimloth, the White Tree of Númenor; ninqueruvissë ("q") "white-horse-on" _(MC:216; this is "Qenya", read _ninqueroccossë or *ninquiroccossë in LotR-style Quenya). Normally ninquë would be expected to have the stem-form ninqui-, given the primitive form ¤ninkwi; Ninquelótë rather than *Ninquilótë must be seen as an analogical form.
ninquë
adjective. white; chill, cold; pallid
Changes
ninque→ losseä ✧ PE17/071Cognates
Derivations
Element in
- ᴺQ. ninquima “frankincense”
- Q. nieninquë “snowdrop, snowdrop, [ᴹQ.] (lit.) white tear”
- ᴺQ. ninquelë “pallor”
- Q. Ninquelótë “White Blossom” ✧ SA/nim
- Q. ninqui carcar yarra “the white rocks snarling” ✧ MC/222; MC/222
- Q. ninquita- “to whiten, grow white, to whiten, grow white, [ᴹQ.] make white; to shine white”
- ᴺQ. ninteccon “chalk, (lit.) white writing rock”
- Q. sanomë tarnë Olórin, Aracorno, Eomer, Imrahil, mi mísë, mi telepta yo morna, mi laiqua yo ninquë, mi luinë, ta Gimli mi lossëa “There stood Gandalf, Aragorn, Eomer and Imrahil in grey, in silver and black, in green and white, and in blue, and also Gimli in white” ✧ PE17/071
- Q. Taniquetil “High White Peak”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √NIK > ninque [niŋkwi] > [niŋkwe] ✧ PE17/168 Variations
- ninque ✧ PE17/071; PE17/071 (
ninque); PE17/168; WJ/417
Yelin
winter
Yelin noun "winter" (LT1:260; LotR-style Quenya has hrívë, and Yelin was probably obsoleted together with the adjective yelwa_ "cold", that appears with a different meaning in the Etymologies)._
nicu-
verb. to be chill, cold, freeze (of weather), snow
niqu-
verb. to be chill, cold, freeze (of weather), snow
A verb in the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 glossed “be chill, cold (of weather)” (WJ/417). It also appeared in some etymological notes from around 1959 as a derivative of the root √NIK(W) and with the glosses “to snow, it is chill, it freezes” (PE17/168). In this 1959 note Tolkien gave several inflected forms making it clear nicu- was an impersonal verb: nīqua “it is freezing”, nicune “it snowed, froze”.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I’d mostly use nicu- as an impersonal verb for cold weather: nique “it is cold, it is freezing”. For the freezing of water or similar substances, I’d use ᴺQ. hel-. For “to snow” I’d use ᴺQ. hris-, a modernization of archaic †hriz-.
Derivations
- √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √NIK > niku- [nikw-] ✧ PE17/168 Variations
- niku- ✧ PE17/168; WJ/417
ringwë
rime, frost
ringwë (2) noun "rime, frost" (LT1:265)
Hesin
winter
Hesin noun "winter" (LT1:255; LotR-style Quenya has hrívë instead)
fána
white
fána, fánë (1) adj. "white" (Markirya - fánë as a sg. form in may be a misreading). Compare fanya.
fánë
adjective. white
hríve
noun. winter
hrívë
winter
hrívë noun "winter", in the calendar of Imladris a precisely defined period of 72 days, but also used without any exact definition (Appendix D). Yá hrívë tenë, ringa ná "when winter comes (arrives, is with us), it is cold" (VT49:23; Tolkien changed tenë to menë, p. 24). The word Hrívion, heading a section of the poem The Trees of Kortirion that has to do with the "fading time", would seem to be related (LT1:42)
hrívë
noun. winter
Cognates
- S. rhîw “winter” ✧ LotR/1107
Element in
- Q. hrívë úva véna “winter is drawing near (to us)” ✧ PE22/167; VT49/14
- Q. Hrívion
- Q. Metterrívë “January, *(lit.) End-winter”
- Q. umbë nin i hríve nauva urra (si loa) “I have a feeling that winter will be bad (this year)” ✧ PE22/168
- Q. yá hríve menë, ringa ná “when winter comes/arrives/is with us, it is cold” ✧ VT49/23 (
yá hríve tene, ringa ná)Variations
- hríve ✧ PE22/167; PE22/168; VT49/14; VT49/23
ringa adj. "cold" (Markirya); the Etymologies gives ringë (RINGI), but it seems that ringa is to be preferred (cf. Ringarë below). Yá hrívë tenë, ringa ná "when winter comes, it is cold" (VT49:23). According to VT46:11, Tolkien originally used the form ringa in Etym as well; later he would restore it. - In early "Qenya", ringa is glossed "damp, cold, chilly" (LT1:265)