ringa
cold
ringë
cold
yelwa
cold
ringa
adjective.
cold, cold, [ᴱQ.] chilly; damp
niquë
noun.
cold, cold; [ᴹQ.] snow
ringa súmaryassë
in her cold bosom
helca
icy, ice-cold
nicu-
verb.
be chill, cold (of weather); to snow, it is cold, it freezes
ninquë
white, chill, cold, palid
niqu-
verb.
to be chill, cold, freeze (of weather), snow
niquë
it is cold, it freezes; it snows or freezes
ringwë
cold pool or lake (in mountains)
yá hríve menë, ringa ná
when winter comes/arrives/is with us, it is cold
helca
adjective.
icy, ice-cold
nicu-
verb.
to be chill, cold, freeze (of weather), snow
ninquë
adjective.
white; chill, cold; pallid
rinyulca
noun.
bar, tavern, (lit.) cold-drink-house
nungwë
noun.
cold (in the nose or head)
Ringarë
december
Yelin
winter
hrívë
winter
ná
is
yá
when
hrívë
noun.
winter
yá
conjunction.
when
-ië
suffix.
is
Hesin
winter
ailo
lake, pool
fána
white
fána
adjective.
white, white; [ᴹQ.] cloud
fánë
adjective.
white
fáwë
snow
hriz-
verb.
to snow
hríve
noun.
winter
linya
pool
lossë
snow
lóna
pool, mere
nendë
pool
nendë
noun.
lake, lake, [ᴹQ.] pool
niquë
snow
nixë
frost
olos
snow, fallen snow
olossë
snow, fallen snow
ringwë
rime, frost
sára
bitter
ye
is
í(qua), illume, iquallume
conjunction.
when, whenever
írë
when
úyë
is
hris-
verb.
to snow
malumë
adverb.
when
Tolkien used very similar forms for Elvish words for “cold” for all of his life. The earliest iteration of this root was unglossed ᴱ√RIŊI in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. rin (ring-) “dew” and ᴱQ. ringa “damp, cold, chilly” (QL/80). The root had similar derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. rî “coolness, cool” and G. ring “cool, cold” (GL/65). In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien gave the root {ᴹ√RINGĀ >>} ᴹ√RINGI “cold” with derivatives like ᴹQ. ringe/N. rhing “cold” (Ety/RINGI; EtyAC/RINGI). Primitive forms ✶riñgi “chill” and ✶riñgā appeared in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from the early 1950s (PE21/80), and Christopher Tolkien mentioned √ring as the basis for cold words in the Silmarillion Appendix (SA/ring).