Quenya 

'al-

thrive

'al- (1) vb."thrive" (GALA; the 'simply indicates that the original initial G has disappeared and needs not normally be included, PE17:100) Other sources hint at the meaning "grow" (cf. the root GAL meaning "grow, be healthy; to grow [like a plant]", PE17:153). Compare ala- #4 and #alála- (and cf. ol-).

al-

prefix. -less

-less

Quenya [PE 18:30] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

ala-

plant, grow

ala- (4) vb. "plant, grow" _(the first gloss would suggest that the following one is transitive: to "grow" plants) (PE17:100). _Compare al- "thrive, *grow" (which however seems intransitive).

ala-

not

ala- (2) negative prefix "not", "un-", reduced to al- before a vowel (VT42:33, GALA, VT45:25), though the example Alcorin would suggest that al- can sometimes appear before a consonant as well. In a deleted entry in Etym, al(a)- was defined as "not" and said to be a "pure negative" (VT45:5). In alahasta, Alamanyar, alasaila, Alcorin.

ala-

good

ala- (3), also al-, a prefix expressing "good" or "well" (PE17:146), as in alaquenta (q.v.) Whether Tolkien imagined this ending to coexist with the negative prefix of the same form (#2 above) is unclear and perhaps dubious.

al(a)-

prefix. well, happily

Cognates

  • S. al- “well, happily” ✧ PE17/146; PE17/172

Derivations

  • AL(A) “good (physically), blessed, fortunate, prosperous, health(y)” ✧ PE17/146; PE17/172

Element in

  • Q. alacarna “well-done, well-made” ✧ PE17/172
  • Q. alamen “good omen on departure”
  • Q. alaquenta “well (happily) said” ✧ PE17/146
  • Q. alatúlië “welcome” ✧ PE17/172
  • Q. alatulya “welcome” ✧ PE17/172

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ALA > ala-[ala-]✧ PE17/146
ALA > ala-[ala-]✧ PE17/172

Variations

  • ala- ✧ PE17/146; PE17/172 (ala-)
  • al- ✧ PE17/146; PE17/172 (al-)
Quenya [PE17/146; PE17/172] Group: Eldamo. Published by

al(a)-

prefix. in-, un-, not; †-less, without

Cognates

  • S. al- “no, not”

Derivations

  • LA “no, not; negative; not to be” ✧ PE22/153; VT42/33

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ALA > al[al-]✧ PE22/153
ala > ala[ala-]✧ VT42/33

Variations

  • al ✧ PE22/153; PE22/153; PE22/153
  • ala- ✧ PE22/153
  • ala ✧ PE22/153; PE22/156; PE22/160; PE22/160; VT42/33
  • al- ✧ VT42/33
Quenya [PE22/153; PE22/156; PE22/160; VT42/33] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ala

not

ala, #ála (1) imperative particle á, a combined with the negation , -la "not" to express a prohibition (VT43:22; see #1). Also with 1st person suffix -lyë (alalyë and álalyë, VT43:10, 22, VT44:8) and 1st person pl. object suffix - (alamë and álamë, "do not [do something to] us", as in ála tulya, "do not lead us", VT43:12, 22). In the essay Quendi and Eldar, negative imperatives are rather indicated by áva, q.v., but this form can well coexist with ala, #ála.

an-

very

an- (2) intensive or superlative prefix carrying the idea of "very" or "most", seen in ancalima "most bright" (cf. calima "bright"), antara "very high, very lofty" and #anyára "very old" or "oldest" (the latter form occurring in the so-called Elaine inscription [VT49:40], there with the dative ending -n). Assimilated to am- before p-, as in amparca ("k") "very dry", and to al-, ar-, as- before words in l-, r-, s- (though Tolkien seems to indicate that before words in l- derived from earlier d, the original quality of the consonant would be preserved so that forms in and- rather than all- would result). See also un-. (Letters:279, VT45:5, 36) Regarding the form of the superlative prefix before certain consonants, another, partially discrepant system was also set down in the Etymologies and first published in VT45:36. The prefix was to appear as um- or un- before labialized consonants like p-, qu-, v- (the consonant v preserving its ancient pronunciation b- following the prefix, thus producing a word in umb-), as in- (technically -) before c- and g- (the latter presumably referring to words that originally had initial g-, later lost in Quenya but evidently preserved following this prefix), and as an- otherwise. However, this system would contradict the canonical example ancalima, which would have been *incalima if Tolkien had maintained this idea. In a post-LotR source, the basic form of the prefix is given as am- instead (see am- #2). In this late conception, the prefix still appears as an- before most consonants, but as ama- before r, l, and the form an- is used even before s- (whether original or from þ), not the assimilated variant as- described above. General principles would suggest that the form am- should also appear before y- (so the form #anyára probably presupposes an- rather than am- as the basic form of the prefix, Tolkien revisiting the earlier concept in the _Elaine inscription). (PE17:92)_

il-

verb. no, *un-

il- (prefix) "no, *un-" (LA); cf. ilfirin "immortal" (vs. firin "dead"). This prefix "denotes the opposite, the reversal, i.e. more than the mere negation" (VT42:32). But il- can also mean "all, every"; see ilaurëa, ilqua, ilquen.

alála-

to continually grow

#alála- vb *"to continually grow" (VT27:20, 25), maybe the frequentative form of a simpler verb al- or ala- "to grow". Cf. 'al- "thrive".

-valta

-less

-valta suffix "-less", also -viltë (evidently endings used to derive adjectives like "lifeless") (GL:23) The ending -lóra appears with the same meaning in Tolkien's later Quenya.

ehtelu-

verb. well, bubble out

Quenya [PE 22:103, 117] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

la

no, not

la negation "no, not" (see ); also prefix la- as in lacarë, q.v. (VT45:25)

empanya-

plant

*empanya- vb. "plant" (deduced from the "Qenya" pl. past tense empannen, VT27:20-22)

ita

very, extremely

ita, íta adv. 2) "very, extremely" (PE17:112). Like #1 above, this element emerged as part of Tolkiens efforts to explain the initial element of the name Idril (Q Itaril), so it is questionable if #1 and #2 were ever meant to coexist in the "same" version of Quenya.

lai

very

[lai adverbial particle "very" (VT45:8)]

no, not

(1) adv. "no, not" (LA, VT45:25) According to VT42:33, is the stressed form, alternating with la when the negation is unstressed. In another conceptual phase of Tolkien's, had the opposite meaning "yes" (VT42:32-33), but this idea is contradicted by both earlier and later material: usually is conceived as a negation. The negation can receive tense markers and be used as a negative verb "when [another] verb is not expressed" (VT49:13), apparently where the phrase "is not" is followed by a noun or an adjective as a predicate, or where some verb is understood, as in English "I do not" (i.e. "I do not do whatever the context indicates"). With pronominal endings la- in the aorist, e.g. lanyë "I do not, am not" (etc.) (Tolkien abandoned the form lamin.) Exemplified in the sentence melin sé apa lanyë *"I love him but I do not [love] him" (another person) (VT49:15). Present tense laia, past lánë, perfect alaië, future lauva.

adverb. no, not

Derivations

  • LA “no, not; negative; not to be” ✧ PE22/153; VT42/33

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ALA > [lā]✧ PE22/153
ala > la[lā]✧ VT42/33

Variations

  • ✧ PE22/153; VT49/13
  • la ✧ PE22/154; PE22/158 (la); PE22/160; PE22/162; VT42/33; VT49/18
  • ✧ PE22/154; PE22/158; PE22/160; PE22/161; PE22/166; PE22/166; VT42/33; VT42/33
Quenya [PE22/153; PE22/154; PE22/158; PE22/160; PE22/161; PE22/162; PE22/166; VT42/33; VT49/13; VT49/18] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mai

well

mai (1) adv. "well" (VT47:6), apparently also used as prefix (PE17:17:162, 163, 172)

mai

adverb. well, well; [ᴱQ.] too much

Cognates

  • S. mae “well; excellent, admirable” ✧ PE17/162

Derivations

  • MAY “excellent, admirable, beautiful; make [art]; suitable, useful, proper, serviceable; right” ✧ PE17/162
  • MAG “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state, good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; [ᴹ√] use, handle” ✧ PE17/162; VT47/06

Element in

  • Q. mai- “excellent, admirable, excellent, admirable; *well, happily” ✧ PE17/162
  • ᴺQ. maicámima “acceptable, (lit.) well-receivable”
  • ᴺQ. maicarindo “benefactor”
  • ᴺQ. maisinwa “well-known, notable, famous”
  • ᴺQ. maitulië “welcome thing, happy arrival”
  • ᴺQ. maitulya “welcome”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
MAY > maie[maje]✧ PE17/162
MAG > maie[magje] > [maɣje] > [maije]✧ PE17/162
MAG > mai[magje] > [maɣje] > [maije]✧ VT47/06

Variations

  • maie ✧ PE17/162 (maie); PE17/162 (maie)
Quenya [PE17/162; VT47/06] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Mairen

well

Mairen fem. name(UT:210), initial element perhaps related or identical to mai "well". The second element is obscure; the root REN "recall, have in mind" (PM:372) could be related; if so the name may imply "well remembered", "(of) good memory" or something similar. It may also connect with the adj. maira, q.v. and compare the masc. name Mairon (PE18:163).

mandë

well

mandë (2) adv. "well" (VT49:26; this is "Qenya"). Rather mai in Tolkiens later Quenya.

tampo

well

tampo noun "well" (QL:93)

-viltë

-less

-viltë adjectival ending "-less", also -valta (evidently endings used to derive adjectives like "lifeless") (GL:23). Rather -lóra in Tolkien's later Quenya.

laima

plant

laima noun "plant" (PE17:159). Cf. olvar.

laima

noun. plant

A noun for “plant” appearing in Quenya Notes (QN) from 1957 derived from the root √LAY (PE17/159).

Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. laute (lausi-) “living thing, (esp.) vegetable” and ᴱQ. lauke (lauki-) “vegetable, plant species”, both derived from the early root ᴱ√LAWA (QL/52). The word lauke also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa with the gloss “plant” (PME/52) and appeared again in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s with the gloss “vegetable” and an accusative form of lautya (PE16/141), indicating a new stem form lauty-.

Derivations

  • LAY “*be alive, flourish, [ᴱ√] be alive, flourish” ✧ PE17/159

Element in

  • ᴺQ. laimamatta “vegetable food, (lit.) plant food”
  • ᴺQ. laimamatya “herbivorous, vegetarian, (lit.) plant-eating”
  • ᴺQ. nastalaima “thistle, (lit.) spear plant”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
LAY > laima[laima]✧ PE17/159

mára

adjective. good

Quenya [PE 22:154, 166] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

-lóra

-less, without

-lóra ending "-less, without", as in ómalóra "voiceless" (VT45:28)

Amarië

good

Amarië fem. name; perhaps derived from mára "good" with prefixing of the stem-vowel and the feminine ending - (Silm)

ui

no

ui interjection "no" (originally an endingless negative verb in the 3rd person aorist: "it is not [so]"; see #u-). Apparently this is the word for "no" used to deny that something is true (compare , which is rather used to reject orders, or to issue negative orders). (VT49:28) Compare uito.

lai

adverb. very

Derivations

  • DAY “*great”

tampo

noun. well

Derivations

  • TAM “construct, construct; [ᴹ√] knock, [ᴱ√] beat; smelt, forge”

Sindarin 

al-

prefix. not

pref. not. >> alfirin

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:101:146] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

al-

well

pref. #well. Q. al(a)-. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:172] < ALA good, healthy, prosperous, fortunate. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

al-

prefix. no, not

Cognates

  • Q. al(a)- “in-, un-, not; †-less, without”

Derivations

  • LA “no, not; negative; not to be”

Element in

  • S. alfirin “immortal, (lit.) not dying; a species of flower” ✧ PE17/101
  • ᴺS. alhad “nowhere”
  • ᴺS. allu “never”
  • ᴺS. alnad “nothing”
  • ᴺS. alphen “no one, nobody”
  • ᴺS. alben “no one”

Variations

  • al- ✧ PE17/101
Sindarin [PE17/101] Group: Eldamo. Published by

al-

prefix. well, happily

Cognates

  • Q. al(a)- “well, happily” ✧ PE17/146; PE17/172

Derivations

  • AL(A) “good (physically), blessed, fortunate, prosperous, health(y)” ✧ PE17/146

Element in

  • S. albeth “(word of) good omen” ✧ PE17/146
  • S. alfirin “immortal, (lit.) not dying; a species of flower” ✧ PE17/146
  • S. alwed “prosperous, fortunate” ✧ PE17/146

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ALA > al-[al-]✧ PE17/146

Variations

  • al- ✧ PE17/146; PE17/172 (al-)
Sindarin [PE17/146; PE17/172] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mael

adjective. well

_ adj. _well. adjective << adverb. >> mae

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:162] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

mael

adjective. well

Derivations

  • MAG “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state, good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; [ᴹ√] use, handle” ✧ PE17/162

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
MAGA > mael[magla] > [maɣla] > [maila] > [mail] > [mael]✧ PE17/162
Sindarin [PE17/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ma

adjective. good

_ adj. _good. Archaic and obsolete except as interjection 'good, excellent, that's right'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:162] < *_magā_ < MAGA to thrive, be in good state. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

baw

interjection. no, don't!

Sindarin [WJ/371] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mae

adverb. well

Sindarin [LotR/I:XII, Letters/308] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mae

adverb. well

adv. well. Ai na vedui Dúnadan. Mae g'ovannen. 'Ah! At last, Dúnadan ! Well met !'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:16] < (_maZĕ_ <) _măgē_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

mae

well

_ adv. _well. >> mael

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:131:162] < either MAY or MAG. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

bain

good

_ adj. _good, wholesome, blessed, fair (esp. of weather). . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:149] < ƀan fair. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

maer

good

_ adj. _good.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:162] < MAY. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

maer

good

adj. good, proper, excellent. Q. mára good, proper, Q. maira excellent. >> mae-. This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:172] < (A)MAY suitable, useful, prosper, serviceable, right. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

pen-

-less

pref. -less. >> penadar

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:173] < PEN lack, have not. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

pen-

-less

pref. -less. Q. _pen _without, not having. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:171] < PEN lack, not have. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

ú

prefix. no, not (negative prefix or particle)

Sindarin [WJ/369, LotR/A(v)] Group: SINDICT. Published by

seregon

noun. "Blood of Stone", a plant of the kind called in English "stonecrop", with deep red flowers, that grew on Amon Rûdh

Sindarin [S/437] sereg+gond. Group: SINDICT. Published by

no, not

also ú

no, not

-, also ú-

ú

not

(adverbial prefix) ú-, u- (followed by lenition, e.g. ú-chebin ”I do not keep”) (without). Verb

ú

not

u- (followed by lenition, e.g. ú-chebin

û

interjection. no

adv. or interj. no, not (of fact).

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:144] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

û

adverb/interjection. no, not, no, not, [G.] nor

Derivations

  • ū “primitive negative interjection” ✧ PE17/144
    • Ū “denial of fact, privation, negative element, denial of fact, privation, negative element, [ᴱ√] not” ✧ PE17/143

Element in

  • S. ú- “no, not, negative; impossible, no, not, negative; impossible; [N.] bad-” ✧ PE17/144

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ū > û[ū]✧ PE17/144
Sindarin [PE17/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

al

not

al- (prefix) as in alfirin "not-mortal", immortal.

al

not

(prefix) as in alfirin "not-mortal", immortal.

an-

very

(as adverbial prefix) an-, as in:

an-

very

as in:

galas

plant

galas (i **alas) (growth), pl. gelais (i ngelais = i ñelais), coll. pl. galassath**

galas

plant

(i ’alas) (growth), pl. gelais (i ngelais = i ñelais), coll. pl. galassath

ava

will not

(i ava, in avar).

baw!

no

! (interjection expressing refusal or prohibition, not denying facts) baw! (dont!) Prefix

baw!

no

(don’t!) Prefix

dae

very

dae (exceedingly). Lenited dhae.

dae

adverb. very

Derivations

  • DAY “*great”

dae

very

(exceedingly). Lenited dhae.

law

adverb. not

Derivations

  • LA “no, not; negative; not to be”
Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

mae

well

(adverb) mae (lenited vae).

mae

well

(lenited vae).

eithel

well

(= source) eithel (spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

eithel

well

(spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

maer

good

_(”useful” of things _ not of moral qualities) maer (lenited vaer, no distinct pl. form) (fit, useful). For ”good” as an adjective describing human qualities, the word fael ”fair-minded, just, generous” may be considered.

maer

good

(lenited vaer, no distinct pl. form) (fit, useful). For ”good” as an adjective describing human qualities, the word fael ”fair-minded, just, generous” may be considered.

said

not common

(lenited haid; no distinct pl. form) (separate, private, excluded) (VT42:20)

Telerin 

aba-

prefix. not

Cognates

  • Q. ava- “negation (refusing or forbidden)” ✧ WJ/370

Derivations

  • BĀ/ABA “refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial), refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial), [ᴹ√] deny; away, go away, depart” ✧ WJ/370

Element in

Variations

  • aba- ✧ WJ/371

Primitive elvish

mai

adverb. well

Derivations

  • MAY “excellent, admirable, beautiful; make [art]; suitable, useful, proper, serviceable; right”

Derivatives

  • S. mae “well; excellent, admirable” ✧ PE17/016; PE17/017

Variations

  • măgē ✧ PE17/016
Primitive elvish [PE17/016; PE17/017] Group: Eldamo. Published by

manrā

adjective. good

Derivations

  • MAN “good (morally), blessed, holy, unmarred, free from evil, good (morally), blessed, holy, unmarred, free from evil; [ᴹ√] holy spirit” ✧ PE17/162

Derivatives

  • Q. mára “good, proper, good, proper; [ᴹQ.] useful, fit, good (of things), [ᴱQ.] excellent; mighty, power, doughty” ✧ PE17/162
Primitive elvish [PE17/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

al-

prefix. no, not

Noldorin [Ety/367] Group: SINDICT. Published by

al-

prefix. no, not

@@@ the phrase “the only place in Noldorin where the primitive prefix is preserved” was deleted (EtyAC/AR²)

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. il- “no, not” ✧ Ety/LA

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶al “without”
    • ᴹ√LA “no, not; to be not” ✧ Ety/AR²
  • ᴹ✶la- “no, not, negative prefix” ✧ Ety/LA
    • ᴹ√LA “no, not; to be not” ✧ Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA

Element in

  • N. Alchorin “Not-of-Kôr” ✧ Ety/LA

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶la- > al[la-] > [al-]✧ Ety/LA

Variations

  • al ✧ Ety/LA

dae

adverb. very

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. lai “very” ✧ EtyAC/DAƷ

Derivations

  • ᴹ√DAƷ “great” ✧ EtyAC/DAƷ

Element in

  • N. Daedhelos “Shadow of Fear” ✧ EtyAC/DAƷ (Daedeloth)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√DAƷ > dae[dai] > [dae]✧ EtyAC/DAƷ

Variations

  • dae ✧ EtyAC/DAƷ (dae)
Noldorin [EtyAC/DAƷ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mai

adverb. well

Element in

interjection. no

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ “no, not” ✧ Ety/MŪ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ > [mū]✧ Ety/MŪ
Noldorin [EtyAC/MŪ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

al-

verb. to thrive

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GAL “grow, thrive” ✧ Ety/GALA; EtyAC/GAL(AS)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GALA > ’al[gal-] > [ɣal-] > [al-]✧ Ety/GALA
ᴹ√GAL > al-[gal-] > [ɣal-] > [al-]✧ EtyAC/GAL(AS)

Variations

  • ’al ✧ Ety/GALA
Qenya [Ety/GALA; EtyAC/GAL(AS)] Group: Eldamo. Published by

al(a)-

prefix. not, negative prefix

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LA “no, not; to be not” ✧ EtyAC/ALA; EtyAC/LA
  • ᴹ✶la- “no, not, negative prefix” ✧ PE19/056
    • ᴹ√LA “no, not; to be not” ✧ Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ALA > al(a)[ala-]✧ EtyAC/ALA
ᴹ√ALA > ala-[ala-]✧ EtyAC/LA
ᴹ✶ > > al-[ḷ-] > [al-]✧ PE19/056

Variations

  • ala- ✧ Ety/GALA; EtyAC/LA (ala-)
  • al(a) ✧ EtyAC/ALA (al(a))
  • al- ✧ EtyAC/LA (al-); PE19/056
Qenya [Ety/GALA; EtyAC/ALA; EtyAC/LA; PE19/056] Group: Eldamo. Published by

il-

prefix. no, not

Cognates

  • N. al- “no, not” ✧ Ety/LA

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶la- “no, not, negative prefix” ✧ Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA
    • ᴹ√LA “no, not; to be not” ✧ Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA

Element in

  • ᴹQ. ilfirin “immortal”
  • ᴹQ. Ilkorin “Not of Kôr” ✧ Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA (Ilkorin)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶la- > il[ḷ-] > [il-]✧ Ety/LA
ᴹ✶la > > > il[ḷ-] > [il-]✧ EtyAC/LA

Variations

  • il ✧ Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA (il)
Qenya [Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lala

adverb. no, not

lai

adverb. very

Cognates

  • N. dae “very” ✧ EtyAC/DAƷ

Derivations

  • ᴹ√DAƷ “great” ✧ EtyAC/DAƷ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√DAƷ > lai[dai] > [lai]✧ EtyAC/DAƷ

adverb. no, not

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LA “no, not; to be not” ✧ Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LA > [lā]✧ Ety/LA

Variations

  • ✧ Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA ()
  • lala ✧ Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA (lala)
  • la ✧ PE22/119; PE22/120; PE22/122
Qenya [Ety/LA; EtyAC/LA; PE22/119; PE22/120; PE22/122] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

magra

adjective. good

Derivations

  • ᴹ√MAG “use, handle” ✧ EtyAC/MAƷ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√MAG > magra[magra]✧ EtyAC/MAƷ
Old Noldorin [EtyAC/MAƷ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

ala-

prefix. very

Derivations

  • ᴱ√ALA “spread‽”

Element in

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/41] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gū̆-

interjection. no, not

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ “no, not” ✧ Ety/GŪ
  • ᴹ√UMU “negative stems” ✧ Ety/UGU
    • ᴹ√ “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/GŪ

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. ú- “not, un-, in-” ✧ Ety/GŪ; Ety/UGU
  • N. ú- “un, bad-” ✧ Ety/UGU

Variations

  • ugu/gū ✧ Ety/UGU
  • gū- ✧ EtyAC/GŪ
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GŪ; Ety/UGU; EtyAC/GŪ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

root. no, not

Changes

  • GŪ/GUMU ✧ Ety/GŪ

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶gū̆- “no, not” ✧ Ety/GŪ
    • ᴹQ. ú- “not, un-, in-” ✧ Ety/GŪ; Ety/UGU
    • N. ú- “un, bad-” ✧ Ety/UGU
  • ᴹ√UMU “negative stems” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/GŪ
    • ᴹ✶gū̆- “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU
    • ᴹQ. ú- “not, un-, in-” ✧ Ety/GŪ; Ety/UGU
    • N. ú- “un, bad-” ✧ Ety/UGU
    • ᴹQ. um- “to not be, to not do” ✧ Ety/LA; Ety/UGU
    • ᴹQ. úmea “evil” ✧ EtyAC/UGU
    • ᴺS. ummas “evil”
  • ᴹQ. ú- “not, un-, in-” ✧ EtyAC/ƷŪ
  • ᴹQ. um- “to not be, to not do” ✧ EtyAC/ƷŪ
  • N. “no” ✧ Ety/MŪ

Element in

  • ᴹ√UMU “negative stems” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/UGU

Variations

  • ✧ Ety/MŪ; Ety/UGU
  • GŪ/GUMU ✧ EtyAC/GŪ (GŪ/GUMU)
  • ƷŪ ✧ EtyAC/ƷŪ (ƷŪ)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GŪ; Ety/MŪ; Ety/UGU; EtyAC/GŪ; EtyAC/ƷŪ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

mai

adverb. well

Changes

  • mâ/maimai ✧ GL/56

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MANA “*good (moral)”

Element in

Variations

  • ✧ GL/20 ()
  • mâ/mai ✧ GL/56 (mâ/mai)
Gnomish [GL/20; GL/52; GL/56] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mawr

adjective. good

mora

adjective. good

Cognates

  • Eq. mára “mighty, power[ful], doughty; good, excellent, useful (of things)”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MAHA “grasp”

Element in

Variations

  • mawr ✧ PE13/115
Gnomish [GG/10; GG/15; GG/16; GL/17; GL/56; GL/57; PE13/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

odra

adverb. very

Early Noldorin

agos

adverb. very

Changes

  • agasagos ✧ PE13/124

Element in

Variations

  • agas ✧ PE13/124 (agas)
Early Noldorin [PE13/124] Group: Eldamo. Published by

maur

adjective. good

Changes

  • moirmaur ✧ PE13/150
  • mórmaur ✧ PE13/150

Cognates

  • Eq. mára “mighty, power[ful], doughty; good, excellent, useful (of things)” ✧ PE13/122; PE13/125

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MAHA “grasp”

Element in

Variations

  • môr ✧ PE13/122; PE13/124; PE13/125; PE13/125
  • mór ✧ PE13/124; PE13/150 (mór)
  • mor ✧ PE13/124
  • moir ✧ PE13/150 (moir)
Early Noldorin [PE13/122; PE13/124; PE13/125; PE13/150] Group: Eldamo. Published by

môr

adjective. good

Early Primitive Elvish

ū

root. not

Derivatives

  • G. untha “no, none”
  • G. u- “negative prefix”
  • G. û- “not to be, not to do”
  • G. u “no, not, nor”
  • G. ug- “negative verb”
  • G. ub “no, none”
  • G. unt “nothing”

Element in

  • ᴱ√UMU “*negative” ✧ QL/098

Variations

  • Ū- ✧ QL/096
Early Primitive Elvish [QL/096; QL/098] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

al-

prefix. form of the negative particle

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶ḷ- “negative prefix”
Early Quenya [QL/029] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ausi-

prefix. well

Derivations

  • ᴱ√AW̯A “*wealth” ✧ QL/033

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√AW̯A > ausi-[awsi-] > [ausi-]✧ QL/033
Early Quenya [QL/033] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-valta

suffix. -less

mande

adverb. well

Cognates

  • G. mai “well”

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MANA “*good (moral)” ✧ QL/058

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√MANA > mande[mandē] > [mande]✧ QL/058
Early Quenya [QL/058] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tampo

noun. well

A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s given as ᴱQ. tampo “a well”, derived from the root ᴱ√TṂPṂ “build”; Tolkien considered transferring the word to ᴱ√TAPA “✱stretch” (QL/93). This word also appeared in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/93).

Neo-Quenya: I think ᴺQ. tampo “well” might be salvaged in Neo-Quenya as a derivative of √TAM “construct”; it is used this way in Helge Fauskanger’s NQNT (NQNT).

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√TṂPṂ > tampo[tṇ̄pō] > [tṇ̄po] > [tampo]✧ QL/093
Early Quenya [PME/093; QL/093] Group: Eldamo. Published by

vande

adverb. well

Derivations

  • ᴱ√VANA “*beauty” ✧ QL/099

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√VANA > vande[βandē] > [βande] > [vande]✧ QL/099

Variations

  • vande ✧ QL/099
Early Quenya [QL/099] Group: Eldamo. Published by

-vilte

suffix. -less

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ√VḶTḶ “release, set free; deprive, take away” ✧ QL/102

Element in

  • Eq. naustavilte “free from suspicion, *innocent” ✧ QL/065

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√VḶTḶ > -vilte[βḷti] > [βḷte] > [vḷte] > [vilte]✧ QL/102

Variations

  • -valta ✧ GL/23; QL/102
Early Quenya [GL/23; QL/065; QL/102] Group: Eldamo. Published by