A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “spread”, though Tolkien marked the gloss with a question mark (QL/29). Its most notable derivative was ᴱQ. alda “tree”, and the Gnomish cognates of this word likewise began with a. In later writings, Tolkien gave a new etymology for this Quenya word from the root ᴹ√GALAD with Sindarin/Noldorin cognate galadh (Ety/GALAD; Let/426). The basic sense of the early root ᴱ√ALA² “spread” may have evolved into the later root √GAL “grow, flourish”.
Early Primitive Elvish
ala
root. gaze‽
Derivatives
ala
root. spread‽
Derivatives
- ᴹ✶ala- “very”
- ᴱ✶alassē
- ᴱ✶alda
- G. âl “wood (material)” ✧ PE13/109
- ᴱ✶aldamǝ
- G. alan “shoulder” ✧ PE13/109; PE13/109
- ᴱ✶alwa “*lofty”
- ᴱ✶alyan-
- G. eilian “branch” ✧ PE13/113
- ᴱ✶alđam-
- ᴱ✶ʒaldá “wide, broad”
- Eq. ala- “?to grow”
- Eq. ala “beyond, after; before”
- Eq. alda “tree, branch” ✧ LT1A/Aldaron; QL/029
- Eq. almo “shoulder(s), back” ✧ QL/029
- Eq. alalme “elm (tree)” ✧ LT1A/Aldaron; QL/029
- Eq. ala “wing”
- Eq. aldare “wood”
- G. lalm “elm, elm-wood” ✧ LT1A/Aldaron
- G. Aldor ✧ LT1A/Aldaron
- G. ôl “forearm; bough”
- G. âl “wood (material)” ✧ LT1A/Aldaron
Element in
Variations
- ALA ✧ LT1A/Aldaron; QL/032
kala
root. shine golden
Derivatives
- ᴱ✶
kalā- Eq. kala- “to shine” ✧ LT1A/Galmir; QL/044
- Eq. kala “light, daytime (sunlight), 12 hours” ✧ QL/044
- Eq. kalaine “serenity, serene” ✧ QL/044
- Eq. kalmar “child of light” ✧ QL/044
- Eq. kalas “brass” ✧ QL/044
- Eq.
kale“day”- Eq. kále “morning” ✧ LT1A/Galmir; QL/044
- Eq. kalle “fair weather, clear sky, blue sky” ✧ QL/044
- Eq. kalma “(day)light; candle” ✧ LT1A/Galmir; QL/044
- Eq. kalta- “to kindle, set light to” ✧ QL/044
- Eq. kalenda “of the day, opposite to night; daily” ✧ QL/044
- Eq. kalasse “brilliance, clarity”
- Eq. kalende “festival, a special day” ✧ QL/044
- Eq. kalke “brilliant” ✧ QL/044
- Eq. kalwa “fair, beautiful” ✧ LT1A/Galmir; QL/044
- Eq. kal(l)u- “to illuminate, to light up” ✧ QL/044
- Eq. Kalainis “May” ✧ LT1A/Erinti; LT1A/Galmir
- En. aglann “ray of light”
- G. aglar “glory”
- G. agla “flash”
- G. glarw(ed) “bright, light”
- G. gal- “to shine (golden, as the Sun)” ✧ LT1A/Galmir
- En. glaiw “light”
- G. glaim “serene, clear, fair (espec. of weather)”
- En. glann “clean”
- G. glan “pure, clean, (originally) bright”
- G. glass “brilliance, clarity”
- En. glarw “ray, radiance”
- G. glar(os) “glare, blaze, splendour”
- G. glô “sunrise, dawn, daybreak”
- G. gôl “daylight, day”
- En. glathra- “to polish”
Element in
Variations
- KALA ✧ LT1A/Erinti; LT1A/Galmir; LT1A/Kalormë; QL/029; QL/044
- ALA ✧ QL/029 (
ALA)
lā
root. spread‽
ðana
root. day
A primitive form in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives meaning “day” (GL/38). There were a variety of different roots for “day” in later writings such ᴹ√AR or √UR.
Derivatives
Element in
- ᴱ✶sek’·ðana “midday” ✧ GL/66
Variations
- ðana ✧ GL/66 (ðana)
ū
root. not
Derivatives
Element in
- ᴱ√UMU “*negative” ✧ QL/098
Variations
- Ū- ✧ QL/096
A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “gaze”, though Tolkien marked the gloss with a question mark (QL/29). One of its notable derivatives was ᴱQ. ala “behold, look”, which was probably later replaced with Q. ela “behold”. It is unlikely this root remained valid in Tolkien’s later writing, giving the many conflicting uses to which he gave √AL.