ca, cata, cana prep? "behind, at back of place" (VT43:30)
Quenya
ala
after, beyond
ca
behind, at back of place
ca
preposition. behind, at back of place
ca(ta)
preposition. behind, at back of place, behind, at back of place; [ᴹQ.] after
Cognates
- S. cad “*after”
Derivations
- √KĀ “after (later than) of time”
Element in
- ᴺQ. catamen “background, milieu”
- ᴺQ. catassa “anus, arsehole, (lit.) behind-hole”
- ᴺQ. catta “back”
- Q. i Héru aselyë “the Lord is with thee” ✧ VT43/29
Variations
- ca- ✧ VT43/29
- ca ✧ VT43/30
- cata ✧ VT43/30
- cana ✧ VT43/30
cana
preposition. behind, at back of place
fai; afea
adverb. before (of time)
ho
from
ho prep. "from" (3O); cf. hó-
epe
after
nó
before (of time); at back (of place), before (of time); at back (of place); [ᴹQ.] yester-; [ᴱQ.] after (of place), behind; after (only of time); than
Cognates
- Ad. nad “hind, *behind”
Derivations
- ✶nō “behind”
Element in
- Q. merin sa haryalyë alassë nó vanyalyë Ambarello “I hope that you have happiness before you pass from the world” ✧ MS/01
- Q. nöa “former; yesterday; tomorrow, yesterday; former, *previous; tomorrow”
- ᴺQ. nólaimë “foreshadowing”
- ᴺQ. nollo “already”
- ᴺQ. nópata- “to precede, (lit.) to walk before”
- ᴺQ. nóquista- “to assume, make premature judgements”
Variations
- nó ✧ MS/01
- nō ✧ VT49/32
apa
after
apa (1) prep. "after" (VT44:36), attested as a prefix in apacenyë and Apanónar, q.v. Variant ep- in epessë, q.v.; see epë for futher discussion. (According to VT44:36, apa was glossed "after" and also "before" in one late manuscript, but both meanings were rejected.) See also apa # 2 below. For Neo-Quenya purposes, apa should probably be ascribed the meaning "after", as in our most widely-published sources (compare Apanónar, "the After-born", as a name of Men in the Silmarillion). Variants pa, pá (VT44:36), but like apa these are also ascribed other meanings elsewhere; see separate entry. Apo (VT44:36) may be yet another variant of the word for "after".
apo
after
apo prep. ?"after" (see apa #1) (VT44:36)
cata
after
-va
from
-va possessive ending, presumably related to the preposition va "from". In Eldaliéva, Ingoldova, miruvóreva, Oroméva, rómeva, Valinóreva (q.v. for references), Follondiéva, Hyallondiéva (see under turmen for references). Following a consonant, the ending instead appears as -wa (andamacilwa "of the long sword", PE17:147, rómenwa *"of the East", PE17:59). Pl. -vë when governing a plural word (from archaic -vai) (WJ:407), but it seems that -va was used throughout in late Exilic Quenya (cf. miruvóreva governing the plural word yuldar in Namárië). Pl. -iva (-ivë*), dual -twa, partitive pl. -líva**.
ló
from
ló, lo (2) prep. "from", also used = "by" introducing the agent after a passive construction: nahtana ló Turin *"slain by Túrin" (VT49:24). A similar and possibly identical form is mentioned in the Etymologies as being somehow related to the ablative ending -llo, but is not there clearly defined (VT45:28). At one point, Tolkien suggested that lo rather than the ending -llo was used with proper names (lo Manwë rather than Manwello for "from Manwë"), but this seems to have been a short-lived idea (VT49:24).
o
preposition. from
Derivations
- ✶ăwă “from” ✧ PE17/148
- √WĀ/AWA “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago, away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago; [ᴹ√] forth, out” ✧ PE17/148
- ✶hō “from, coming from, as described by a genitive” ✧ PE22/168
- √HO “from, coming from” ✧ WJ/361
Variations
- ō ✧ PE22/168
va
from
va prep. "from" (VT43:20; prefixed in the form var- in var-úra "from evil", VT43:24). In VT49:24, va, au and o are quoted as variants of the stem awa "away from".
ala (5) prep. "after, beyond" (MC:221, 214; however, LotR-style Quenya has han and pella "beyond" and apa "after")