Sindarin 

san

pronoun. that

Sindarin [LotR/0305; PE17/042] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sant

noun. garden, field, yard

A word appearing in The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor from the late 1960s, which meant “a garden, field, yard, or other place in private ownership, whether enclosed or not” (VT42/20). It was derived from √SAT “place, space” (VT42/19).

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. tand {“fence, border, bound” >>} “enclosure, garden” based the early root ᴱ√tadh- (GL/68).

sant

noun. garden, field, yard (or other place in private ownership whether enclosed or not)

Sindarin [VT/42:20] Group: SINDICT. Published by

sanath

85#3D noun. thinking, thought

A theoretical noun arising from OS *sanattʰe (< SAN). Cp. girith, meleth, etc.

sant

privately owned place

(i hant, o sant) (field, garden, yard), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20)

sant

yard

sant (i hant, o sant) (field, garden, or other privately owned place), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20), coll. pl. sannath

sant

yard

(i hant, o sant) (field, garden, or other privately owned place), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20), coll. pl. sannath

sant

garden

sant (i hant, o sant) (field, yard, or other privately owned place), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20)

sant

garden

(i hant, o sant) (field, yard, or other privately owned place), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20)

sant

field

(i hant, o sant) (garden, yard, or other privately owned place), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20) 

sant

privately owned place

sant (i hant, o sant) (field, garden, yard), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20)

sa

pronoun. that

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

lith

noun. ash, ash; [N.] sand

A noun for “ash” appearing as an element in names like Lithlad “Plain of Ashes” (RC/457) and Dor-nu-Fauglith “Land under Choking Ash” (WJ/239-240), as well as in the adjective lithui “ashy, ashen” (RGEO/66, RC/765). It is translated as “dust” in the name Anfauglith “Gasping Dust” (S/150), but since this is the name for Ard-galen after the region was burned by the forces of Morgoth, this may simply be a loose translation for “ash”.

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s N. lith was glossed “sand” from primitive ᴹ✶litse under the root ᴹ√LIT (Ety/LIT), and in this document N. Fauglith was translated “Thirsty Sand” (Ety/PHAU), as opposed to its original translation from the 1920s and early-to-mid 1930s which was simply “Thirst” (LB/275; SM/26, 101; LR/280).

Neo-Sindarin: For Neo-Sindarin I’d use lith mainly in its 1950s-60s sense “ash” but also allow its 1930s sense “sand”, but for “dust” I’d use [N.] ast. @@@ Maybe it would be better to coin a neologism for “sand”?

Sindarin [RC/765; SA/lith] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lith

noun. ash, sand, dust

Sindarin [Ety/369, S/434, TC/178] Group: SINDICT. Published by

han

that

pl1. hain _pron. _that, the thing previously mentioned. Tolkien notes "hain = heinn (< san-)" (PE17:42). Im Narvi hain echant 'I Narvi made them'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:42] < pl1. _hein_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lith

sand

lith (sand, dust) (Names:178), no distinct pl. form.

lith

sand

(sand, dust) (Names:178), no distinct pl. form.

iaun

sanctuary

iaun (holy place, fane), pl. ioen, coll. pl. ionath

iaun

sanctuary

(holy place, fane), pl. ioen, coll. pl. ionath

pol-

verb. can

Sindarin [Unknown] [[pol-]]. Published by

iaun

holy place

(fane, sanctuary), pl. ioen, coll. pl. ionath

iaun

fane

iaun (holy place, sanctuary), pl. ioen, coll. pl. ionath

iaun

fane

(holy place, sanctuary), pl. ioen, coll. pl. ionath

iaun

holy place

iaun (fane, sanctuary), pl. ioen, coll. pl. ionath

iaun

holy place

iaun (fane, sanctuary), pl. ioen, coll. pl. ionath;

lith

ash

lith (sand, dust), no distinct pl. form.

lith

ash

(sand, dust), no distinct pl. form.****

parth

field

1) parth (i barth, o pharth) (sward, enclosed grassland), pl. perth (i pherth), 2) (low, flat field, or wetland) talf (i dalf, o thalf), pl. telf (i thelf), coll. pl. talvath. _(Names:195). Note: a homophone means ”palm”. 3) sant (i hant, o sant) (garden, yard, or other privately owned place), pl. saint (i saint) (VT42:20)_

thand

noun. shield

aer

adjective. holy

Sindarin [VT/44:21,24] Group: SINDICT. Published by

bo ceven sui vi menel

on Earth as [it is] in Heaven

The fifth line of Ae Adar Nín, Tolkien’s Sindarin translation of the Lord’s Prayer (VT44/21). The first word is the preposition bo “on”, followed by ceven “earth”. The third word is the preposition sui “as”, followed by vi the lenited form of mi “in” and menel “heaven”. There is no Sindarin equivalent for English “it is” in this phrase.

See the entry for the first line of this prayer for a discussion of the (mis)use of menel for “Heaven” in this phrase.

Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:

> bo Ceven sui vi Menel = “✱on Earth as in Heaven”

cirith

noun. cleft, high climbing pass, narrow passage cut through earth or rock, ravine, defile

Sindarin [S/387, UT/426, TC/181, RC/334-335] Group: SINDICT. Published by

cova-

verb. gather

weak intr. v. gather, assemble, come to same place, meet. mae-govannen 'well met'. This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:157] < KOB, KOM gather, collect, bring to same place/point. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

criss

noun. cleft, cleft, [N.] cut, slash, [G.] gash; [N.] pass, [G.] gully, ravine

A word for a “cleft, cut, slash” (PE21/81; Ety/KIRIS) derived from √KIRIS, a blend of the roots √KIR and √RIS (PE17/87).

Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to G. criss “cleft, gash, gully” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s where it was probably already a derivative of the early root ᴱ√KIRISI as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (GL/27; LT2A/Cris Ilbranteloth). In the Name-list to The Fall of Gondolin Tolkien gave cris with the definition “a cleft, ravine, or narrow way of waters with high walls” (PE15/21), and in this period it typically appeared in this shorter form within names like G. Cris Ilbranteloth or G. Cris Thorn.

N. criss appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “cleft, cut, slash” under the root ᴹ√KIRIS “cut” (Ety/KIRIS). It also appeared under the root ᴹ√KIR with the gloss “cleft, pass”, but this instance was deleted (EtyAC/KIR). S. criss “cleft” was mentioned in passing in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure (EVS2) from the early 1950s as derived from primitive ✶kirissi (PE21/80-81), and it was mentioned as a blending of roots in notes on Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s as described above (PE17/87). Its use in names diminished over time, however, the only remnant in the final version of The Silmarillion being S. Crissaegrim (S/121).

Neo-Sindarin: In The Etymologies of the 1930s it seems this word was principally used as for a “cleft, cut, slash” independent of geography. I would assume the same is true for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, since criss is used only in a single geographic name in Tolkien’s later writings; S. cirith was use more broadly in geographic features. I would also assume it was a larger and more violent cut (a “gash” or “slash”) compared to S. rest for simple cuts.

Sindarin [PE17/087; PE21/81] Group: Eldamo. Published by

delu

adjective. hateful, deadly, fell

Sindarin [Ety/355, X/W] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eneth

noun. name

Sindarin [VT/44:21,24] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ennas

adverb. there, in that place

Sindarin [SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ennas

adverb. there

Sindarin [AotM/062; SD/129] Group: Eldamo. Published by

esta-

verb. to name

Sindarin [estathar SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

falch

noun. deep cleft, ravine

Sindarin [Orfalch Echor UT/468] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gûl

noun. knowledge

n. knowledge, deep knowledge not 'occult' in modern sense, but applied to the deper knowledge of the 'wise' or skilled persons, not kept secret (as [?among the] Elves) but not attainable by all. Q. ñōle, B.S. gûl phantom, shadow of dark magic, necromancer, slave, servant?. The B.S. word gûl was prob. derived from ngōl-.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:79] < _ngōl_-. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

mell

adjective. dear

_ adj. _dear, beloved. Q. melda.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:41] < _meldā_ < _melnā_ < MEL love. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

mell

adjective. dear, beloved

Sindarin [PE17/041] Group: Eldamo. Published by

parth

noun. field, enclosed grassland, sward

Sindarin [UT/260, PM/330, RC/349] Group: SINDICT. Published by

rim

noun. crowd, host, great number

Sindarin [Ety/383, S/436, Letters/178, Letters/382, X/RH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

riss

adjective. cleft

_ adj. _cleft, cloven, separate. Q. rista, risse, rinse. >> Imladris

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:87] < _rinsa_ < RIS cut. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

talf

noun. flat field, flat land

Sindarin [Nindalf TC/195, LotR/Map] Group: SINDICT. Published by

taug

adjective. firm

adj. firm, strong, ?withstand. Q. tauka stiff, wooden.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:115] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

thanc

adjective. cleft, split, forked

Sindarin [Orthanc S/415, Ety/388] Group: SINDICT. Published by

thand

noun. shield

Sindarin [thangail UT/281-282] Group: SINDICT. Published by

thangail

noun. shield-fence, a battle formation of the Dúnedain

Sindarin [UT/281-282] thand+cail. Group: SINDICT. Published by

thaun

pine

pl1. thoen n.Bot. #pine. Presented as a noldorized S. form. >> Dor I thoen, thôn. This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:81] < _thānĭ-_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

thôn

noun. pine-tree

Sindarin [Ety/392, S/438, RC/384] Group: SINDICT. Published by

thôn

noun. pine

n.Bot. #pine. Presented as a noldorized S. form. >> thôn, thaun . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:81] prob. < _thŏno-_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

thôn

noun. pine

n.Bot. #pine. Presented as a noldorized S. form. >> Dor I thoen, thôn. This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:81] < _thānĭ-_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

tirith

noun. watch, guard (abstract noun), vigilance

Sindarin [Ety/394, S/437, Letters/158, VT/42:11] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tirith

watch

{1st ĭ}_n._watch, ward, guard. >> tíria, Minas Tirith

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:25:31] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

amath

shield

(pl. emaith)

baug

oppressive

baug (cruel, tyrannous) (lenited maug), pl. boeg

baug

oppressive

(cruel, tyrannous) (lenited maug), pl. boeg

branna-

verb. to scorch

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

caew

resting place

(i gaew, o chaew) (lair). No distinct pl. form except with article (i chaew).

caw

zyE noun. shelter, protection

A theoretical noun from supposed OS *kauma < KAW (the root of Q cauma 'id.', PE17/108).

cirith

cleft

(i girith, o chirith) (cutting, pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chirith)

criss

cleft

(i griss, o chriss, construct cris) (cut, slash), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chriss), 4) iaw (gulf, ravine), pl. ioe. Note: a homophone means ”corn”

cîl

cleft

(i gîl, o chîl) (pass between hills, gorge), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chîl), coll. pl. cíliath. A homophone means ”renewal”.

delu

hateful

delu (deadly, fell), lenited dhelu; analogical pl. dely. Archaic delw (the only attested form).

delu

hateful

(deadly, fell), lenited dhelu; analogical pl. dely. Archaic delw (the only attested form).

dîn

opening

dîn (i dhîn) (gap, mountain pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”.

dîn

opening

(i dhîn) (gap, mountain pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nîn); coll. pl. díniath. Note: a homophone means ”silence”.

eneth

name

(noun) eneth (pl. enith)

eneth

name

(pl. enith)

ennas

there

ennas (SD:128-31)

ennas

there

(SD:128-31)

ess

noun. name

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

esta

name

(verb.) esta- (call) (i esta, in estar)

esta

name

(call) (i esta, in estar)

falch

cleft

(ravine[?]), pl. felch

gaer

holy

gaer (awful, fearful); lenited aear; no distinct pl. form. Note: homophones mean "reddish, copper-coloured, ruddy" and also "sea".

gaer

holy

(awful, fearful); lenited ’aear; no distinct pl. form. Note: homophones mean "reddish, copper-coloured, ruddy" and also "sea".

gardh

bounded or defined place

(i ’ardh) (region), pl. gerdh (i ngerdh = i ñerdh);

gûr

inner mind

(i ’ûr, construct gur) (heart), pl. guir (i nguir = i ñuir). Note: A homophone means ”death”, but has different mutations. (VT41:11)

hoth

crowd

1) hoth (i choth, o choth) (host, horde), pl. hyth (i chyth), 2) ovras (heap), pl. evrais (archaic övrais), coll. pl. ovrassath, 3) rim (great number, host), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rim). Note: a homophone means ”cold pool or lake”.

hoth

crowd

(i choth, o choth) (host, horde), pl. hyth (i chyth)

i

that

(+ soft mutation), basically in in the plural, but often loses the n which is then replaced by nasal mutation of the next consonant (e.g. gyrth i chuinar ”dead that live [cuinar]”, Letters:417). Sometimes i (+ soft mutation) is used in the singular as well. – The form ai (following by lenition) occurs in the phrase di ai gerir ✱”those who do” (VT44:23). Possibly it is a form of the relative pronoun that is used when the previous word ends in -i. Whether ai is both sg. and pl. is unclear; in its one attestation it is followed by a plural verb that is lenited.

idhor

thoughtfulness

. (Correction of idher in LR:361 s.v.

idhr

id

> idhor as the later forms.)

idhren

thoughtful

(pondering, wise), pl. idhrin;

iell

maid

1) iell (-iel) (girl, daughter), pl. ill, 2) sell (i hell) (daughter, girl), pl. sill (i sill), coll. pl. sellath** **

iell

maid

(-iel) (girl, daughter), pl. ill

ind

mind

ind (inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

ind

mind

(inner thought, meaning, heart), no distinct pl. form;, coll. pl. innath.

ist

knowledge

ist (lore); no distinct pl. form.

ist

knowledge

(lore); no distinct pl. form.

ista

have knowledge

(i ista, in istar), pa.t. sint or istas (VT45:18).

land

open space

(construct lan, pl. laind) (level), also used as adjective ”wide, plain”.

mail

dear

mail (lenited vail, pl. mîl), also mell (lenited vell; pl. mill), also muin (lenited vuin; no distinct pl. form)

mail

dear

(lenited vail, pl. mîl), also mell (lenited vell; pl. mill), also muin (lenited vuin; no distinct pl. form)

nanu

noun. truth

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

narcha

rend

(i narcha, in narchar)

nauth

thought

nauth (pl. noeth, coll. pl. nothath);

nauth

thought

(pl. noeth, coll. pl. nothath);

ovras

crowd

(heap), pl. evrais (archaic övrais), coll. pl. ovrassath

parth

field

(i barth, o pharth) (sward, enclosed grassland), pl. perth (i pherth)

pathu

level place

(i bathu) (sward), analogical pl. pethy (i phethy). Cited in archaic form pathw in the source (LR:380 s.v. PATH); hence the coll. pl. is likely pathwath. In the Etymologies as printed in

rest

cleft

(ravine, cut), pl. rist (idh rist)

rhûd

rockhewn hall

(construct rhud, with article ?i thrûd or ?i rûdthe lenition product of rh- is uncertain) (dwelling underground, artificial cave, mine), pl. rhuid (?idh ruid). (PM:365);

rim

crowd

(great number, host), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rim). Note: a homophone means ”cold pool or lake”.

rist

cleft

(noun) 1) rist (-ris), no distinct pl. except with article (idh rist). Note: a homophone means ”cleaver, cutter”, 2) cirith (i girith, o chirith) (cutting, pass), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chirith), 3) cîl (i gîl, o chîl) (pass between hills, gorge), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chîl), coll. pl. cíliath. A homophone means ”renewal”. 4) criss (i griss, o chriss, construct cris) (cut, slash), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chriss), 4) iaw (gulf, ravine), pl. ioe. Note: a homophone means ”corn”, 5) rest (ravine, cut), pl. rist (idh rist), 6) (deep cleft) falch (ravine[?]), pl. felch

rist

cleft

(-ris), no distinct pl. except with article (idh rist). Note: a homophone means ”cleaver, cutter”

rond

hall with vaulted roof

(construct ron) (cave, cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath

rîdh

sown field

(acre);  no distinct pl. form except possibly with article (idh rîdh)

saew

poison

(noun) saew (i haew, o saew), no distinct pl. form except with article (i saew)

saew

poison

(i haew, o saew), no distinct pl. form except with article (i saew)

sell

maid

(i hell) (daughter, girl), pl. sill (i sill), coll. pl. *sellath*** **

sâd

place

sâd (-had; i hâd, o sâd, construct sad) (spot, limited area naturally or artificially defined), pl. said (i said) (UT:314, VT42:20)

sâd

place

(-had; i hâd, o sâd, construct sad) (spot, limited area naturally or artificially defined), pl. said (i said) (UT:314, VT42:20)  

talf

field

(i dalf, o thalf), pl. telf (i thelf), coll. pl. talvath. (Names:195). Note: a homophone means ”palm”.

tanc

firm

(adj.) tanc (lenited danc; pl. tainc)

tanc

firm

(lenited danc; pl. tainc)

tangada

make firm

(confirm, establish) (i dangada, i thangadar)

tass

1,D adverb. then, there

A Quenya-influenced neologism meaning "there, then, in that (place/time)", from Q. tassë.

Sindarin [Etymologies, PE17, PE22, VT49] Group: Neologism. Published by

taw

that

(demonstrative pronoun) ?taw. _Only the ”Old Noldorin” form is actually given in LR:389 s.v. _

taw

pronoun. that

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

taw

that

. Only the ”Old Noldorin” form is actually given in LR:389 s.v.

tevren

adjective. hateful

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

thala

firm

1) thala (steady, stalwart), pl. ?theili, 2) thand (true, abiding), pl. thaind (VT46:16; notice that the forms “thenid” and “thenin” in LR:388 s.v. STAN represent misreadings of Tolkiens manuscript).

thala

firm

(steady, stalwart), pl. ?theili

tham

hall

tham, pl. thaim, coll. pl. thammath;

tham

hall

pl. thaim, coll. pl. thammath;

thamas

great hall

pl. themais, coll. pl. thamassath;

thanc

cleft

(adj.) thanc (forked, split), pl. thainc

thanc

cleft

(forked, split), pl. thainc

thand

shield

(noun) 1) thand, construct than, pl. thaind, coll. pl. thannath; 2) amath (pl. emaith);

thand

shield

construct than, pl. thaind, coll. pl. thannath

thand

firm

(true, abiding), pl. thaind (VT46:16; notice that the forms “thenid” and “thenin” in LR:388 s.v. STAN represent misreadings of Tolkien’s manuscript).

thand

adjective. firm, true, abiding

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

thang

oppression

thang (compulsion, duress, need, oppression, tyranny), pl. theng if there is a pl.

thang

oppression

(compulsion, duress, need, oppression, tyranny), pl. theng if there is a pl.

thangail

shield wall, shield fence

. No distinct pl. form. *(UT:281) ***

tir-

watch

(cited in the form tiri, a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -i) (i dîr, i thirir) (guard, gaze, look at, look towards). The imperative tiro and passive participle [t]irnen are attested, the latter in lenited form dirnen.

tiria

watch

1) tiria- (guard, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar). 2)

tiria

watch

(guard, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar).

tirith

watch, watching

(i dirith, o thirith) (guard, guarding, vigilance), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thirith)

tong

tight

tong (lenited dong; pl. tyng) (taut, resonant [of strings])

tong

tight

(lenited dong; pl. tyng) (taut, resonant [of strings])