Quenya 

sánë

pine

sánë (þ) noun "pine" (PE17:81), stem sáni- (? the primitive form is given as ¤thānĭ, which would normally give Quenya sánë/sáni-, but the Quenya noun is also cited as sáne- as if e persists before an ending).

sánë

noun. pine

In notes on Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s, Tolkien had Q. {sāne >>} th-, sāne- “pine” derived from {✶stāna >>} ✶thānĭ-, but this note was deleted (PE17/81). It was replaced by a marginal note in which S. thôn “pine” was derived from ✶thŏno.

Neo-Quenya: In light of the new primitive form, I would update the Quenya word to ᴺQ. sono [þ] “pine” for purposes of Neo-Quenya. Petri Tikka instead proposed ᴺQ. sónë [þ] in PPQ (PPQ) from the early 2000s inspired only by S. thôn “pine”, before the above primitive forms were published in 2007.

Conceptual Development: The Early Qenya “pine” word was ᴱQ. aiqaire “fir or pine” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, an elaboration of ᴱQ. aiqa “steep” (QL/29). It became ᴱQ. aikasse “pine-tree” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, a cognate to G. aigos and derivative of primitive ᴱ✶aikasse (GL/17). This in turn became ᴱQ. aikor “pine-tree” in the Early Noldorin Dictionary of the 1920s, derived from ᴱ✶aikos-sa and still a cognate to G. aigos (PE13/158).

Changes

  • sāne-th-/sāne- ✧ PE17/081

Cognates

  • S. thôn “pine-tree” ✧ PE17/081

Derivations

  • thŏno “pine” ✧ PE17/081

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
thānĭ- > th-/sāne-[tʰāni] > [tʰāne] > [θāne] > [sāne]✧ PE17/081

Variations

  • th-/sāne- ✧ PE17/081 (th-/sāne-)
  • sāne- ✧ PE17/081 (sāne-)

sono

noun. pine

Cognates

Derivations

Element in

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Sindarin 

thaun

pine

pl1. thoen n.Bot. #pine. Presented as a noldorized S. form. >> Dor I thoen, thôn. This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:81] < _thānĭ-_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

thôn

noun. pine-tree

Sindarin [Ety/392, S/438, RC/384] Group: SINDICT. Published by

thôn

noun. pine

n.Bot. #pine. Presented as a noldorized S. form. >> thôn, thaun . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:81] prob. < _thŏno-_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

thôn

noun. pine

n.Bot. #pine. Presented as a noldorized S. form. >> Dor I thoen, thôn. This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:81] < _thānĭ-_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

thôn

noun. pine-tree

The Sindarin word for “pine-tree”, most notably as an element in the names Dorthonion “Land of Pines” and Orod-na-Thôn “Mount of the Pine Tree(s)”. Tolkien gave it as thôn < ✶stŏna in a 1955 letter to David Masson (PE17/82) and as {thaun >>} thôn in notes on Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s, derived from {✶stāna >> ✶thānĭ- >>} ✶thŏno (PE17/81).

Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. thaun “pine-tree” under the root ᴹ√THŌN of the same meaning (Ety/THŌN). Likely the vowel in this root was a fronted ǭ, which became au in both Sindarin and Noldorin.

In the 1910s and 20s, the “pine-tree” word was ᴱN./G. aigos, first glossed {“cheshnut tree”} in Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/17), with a variant form G. aiguis in the Gnomish Lexicon Slips (PE13/108), and simply as ᴱN. aigos “pine-tree” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/136, 158). It was replaced by thaun/thôn in Tolkien’s later writing, as noted above.

Changes

  • thaunThôn “pine” ✧ PE17/081

Cognates

  • ᴺQ. sono “pine”
  • Q. sánë “pine” ✧ PE17/081

Derivations

  • thŏno “pine” ✧ PE17/081; PE17/081; PE17/082

Element in

  • S. Dor i Thuin ✧ PE17/081 (Dor i thoen); PE17/081
  • S. Dorthonion “Land of Pines” ✧ PE17/081; PE17/081; RC/384; SA/thôn
  • S. Orod-na-Thôn “Mount of the Pine Tree(s)” ✧ LotR/0469; PE17/082; RC/384
  • S. Thonador

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
thānĭ- > thaun[tʰāni] > [tʰāne] > [θāne] > [θǭne] > [θaune] > [θaun]✧ PE17/081
thānĭ- > thoen[tʰānī] > [tʰāni] > [θāni] > [θǭni] > [θoin] > [θoen]✧ PE17/081
thŏno > Thôn[θono] > [θon] > [θōn]✧ PE17/081
thŏno > thuin[θoni] > [θuni] > [θuin]✧ PE17/081

Variations

  • thaun ✧ PE17/081 (thaun)
  • Thôn ✧ PE17/081; RC/384
Sindarin [LotR/0469; PE17/081; PE17/082; RC/384; SA/thôn] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thôn

pine-tree

thôn (pl. thŷn, coll. pl. ?thonath). In the linguistic scenario of the Etymologies, the ”Noldorin” word for ”pine-tree” was thaun pl. thuin, and thôn was rather ”Ilkorin”. However, when Tolkien revised his legendarium so that Sindarin replaced Ilkorin as the native Elven-tongue of Beleriand, names like Dorthonion ”Land of Pines” must be interpreted as containing a Sindarin word for pine. Adj. #thonion ”having pine trees” (isolated from the name Dorthonion), pl. thonyn

thôn

pine-tree

(pl. th**ŷn, coll. pl. ?thonath). In the linguistic scenario of the Etymologies, the ”Noldorin” word for ”pine-tree” was thaun pl. thuin, and thôn was rather ”Ilkorin”. However, when Tolkien revised his legendarium so that Sindarin replaced Ilkorin as the native Elven-tongue of Beleriand, names like Dorthonion ”Land of Pines” must be interpreted as containing a Sindarin word for pine. Adj. #thonion ”having pine trees” (isolated from the name Dorthonion), pl. thonyn**

Primitive elvish

thŏno

noun. pine

Changes

  • thānĭ-thŏno “pine” ✧ PE17/081
  • stānathānĭ- ✧ PE17/081

Derivatives

  • ᴺQ. sono “pine”
  • Q. sánë “pine” ✧ PE17/081
  • S. thôn “pine-tree” ✧ PE17/081; PE17/081; PE17/082

Variations

  • thānĭ- ✧ PE17/081 (thānĭ-)
  • stāna ✧ PE17/081 (stāna)
  • stŏna ✧ PE17/082
Primitive elvish [PE17/081; PE17/082] Group: Eldamo. Published by

stona

noun. pine

Noldorin 

thaun

noun. pine-tree

Noldorin [Ety/392, S/438, RC/384] Group: SINDICT. Published by

thaun

noun. pine-tree

Derivations

  • Ilk. thôn “pine-tree” ✧ Ety/THŌN
    • ᴹ√THON “*pine” ✧ Ety/THŌN

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
Ilk. thōn > thaun[θōn] > [θǭn] > [θoun] > [θaun]✧ Ety/THŌN
Ilk. thōn > thuin[θǭni] > [θouni] > [θauni] > [θuin]✧ Ety/THŌN
Noldorin [Ety/THŌN; TI/420] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Doriathrin

thôn

noun. pine-tree

A noun for “pine-tree” derived from the root ᴹ√THON, also appearing in its genitive plural form thonion “of pines” (Ety/THŌN, EtyAC/THŌN). Helge Fauskanger suggested that it developed from primitive ✱✶thon- with a short ŏ because the [[ilk|[ō] did not become [ū] before the nasal]] (AL-Ilkorin/thôn), and only later did the short vowel lengthen in the monosyllable. I think that Mr. Fauskanger may have over-generalized this rule, however, since the other examples of [ō] becoming [ū] occur only before [m] and the change may not have applied to nasals in general. If this is the case, this word could have developed from primitive ✱✶thōn-. There is not enough evidence to say for certain either way.

Conceptual Development: In notes elsewhere this word was given the form Dor. than with genitive plural form thanion (LR/405), probably associated with the earlier name Dorthanion versus later Dorthonion (LR/145). It is also possible these are Doriathrin and Ilkorin variations of the same word.

Derivations

  • ᴹ√THON “*pine” ✧ Ety/THŌN

Derivatives

  • N. thaun “pine-tree” ✧ Ety/THŌN

Element in

  • Ilk. Dorthonion “Land of Pines” ✧ Ety/THŌN; LR/405

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√THON > thōn[tʰōn]✧ Ety/THŌN

Variations

  • thōn ✧ Ety/THŌN
  • than ✧ LR/405 (Dor. than)
Doriathrin [Ety/THŌN; EtyAC/THŌN; LR/405] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

aiguis

noun. pine-tree

aigos

noun. pine-tree

Changes

  • aigosaigos “cheshnut tree” ✧ GL/17
  • aigosaiguis ✧ PE13/108

Cognates

  • Eq. aikasse “pine-tree” ✧ GL/17
  • Eq. aiqaire “fir, pine (tree)”

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶aikasse > aigos[aikasse] > [aikass] > [aikas] > [aikos] > [aigos]✧ GL/17

Variations

  • aiguis ✧ PE13/108
Gnomish [GL/17; PE13/108] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

aigos

noun. pine-tree

Cognates

  • Eq. aikor “pine-tree” ✧ PE13/158

Derivations

Early Noldorin [PE13/136; PE13/158] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

aikor

noun. pine-tree

Cognates

  • En. aigos “pine-tree” ✧ PE13/158

Derivations

Early Quenya [PE13/158] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aikasse

noun. pine-tree

Cognates

  • G. aigos “pine-tree” ✧ GL/17

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶aikasse > aikasse[aikassē] > [aikasse]✧ GL/17
Early Quenya [GL/17] Group: Eldamo. Published by