Primitive elvish

las

root. leaf

This root was connected to leaves throughout Tolkien’s life. It did not appear directly in the Qenya or Gnomish lexicons of the 1910s, but ✱ᴱ√LASA “leaf” is implied by ᴱQ. lasse and G. lass “leaf” (QL/51; GL/52). ᴹ√LAS appeared directly in The Etymologies of the 1930s with the derivatives ᴹQ. lasse and N. lhass (Ety/LAS¹), and the root √LAS “leaf” was also mentioned in Tolkien’s later writings (PE17/77; VT39/9).

Primitive elvish [PE17/077; PE17/153; VT39/09] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lassē

noun. leaf

Primitive elvish [Let/282; PE17/153; PE18/089; PE19/106; PE21/82; VT39/09] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lassiē

noun. *leafness

Primitive elvish [Let/282] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laikā

adjective. green

Primitive elvish [Let/282] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

las(s)

noun. leaf, leaf; [G.] petal

The basic Sindarin word for “leaf”, derived from the root √LAS (PE17/62, 153; PE22/166). It appeared as both lass and las, but I believe the latter is the suffixal form, the result of the Sindarin sound change whereby final ss shortened in polysyllables (LotR/1115). Its plural form was lais, which is of interest because normally consonant clusters prevent i-intrusion]]; compare nern and resg the plurals of narn and rasg. I am of the opinion that the ss was a particular “weak” cluster and allowed intrusion anyway; see the entry on Sindarin plural nouns for further discussion.

Conceptual Development: G. lass “a leaf” appeared all the way back in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, but there Tolkien said it was sometimes used for “petal” = G. tethlas (GL/52). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s it became ᴱN. lhas “leaf” (PE13/148) and N. lhass “leaf” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶lassē under the root ᴹ√LAS (Ety/LAS¹). These 1920s-30s forms were due to the Noldorin sound change whereby initial l was unvoiced to lh. Tolkien abandoned this sound change in Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s, so that lass “leaf” was restored.

Sindarin [Let/282; PE17/049; PE17/062; PE17/097; PE22/166; PE23/136; RC/760] Group: Eldamo. Published by

las

leaf

pl1. lais** **_ n. _leaf. Only applied to certain kinds of leaves, esp. those of trees, and would not e.g. be used of leaf of hyacinth. It is thus possibly related to LAS 'listen', and S-LAS stem of Elvish words for 'ear'. Q. lasse, pl1. lassi.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:62:77] < SLAS ear. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lass

leaf

_n. _leaf. >> athelas, las

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:49] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

las

noun. leaf

lass

noun. leaf

Sindarin [Ety/367, Letters/282, TC/169, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lasgalen

proper name. Green of Leaf

Another name for Q. Laurelin translated “Green of Leaf” (MR/155), a combination of las(s) “leaf” and the lenited form of calen “green”.

Conceptual Development: In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, this name appeared as N. Lhasgalen (LR/210), and Lhasgalen also appeared in The Etymologies with the translation “Greenleaf” and essentially the same derivation given above (Ety/LAS¹).

Sindarin [MR/155; MRI/Lasgalen; PE17/119] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lasgalen

noun. leaf green

n. leaf green.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:119] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

galenas

noun. pipe-weed (leaf) or "westmansweed", a variety of Nicotiana

Sindarin [LotR/V:VIII] Group: SINDICT. Published by

finglas

masculine name. Leaflock

An Ent whose name was translated “Leaflock” (LotR/474). His name is a combination of fing “lock of hair” and las(s) “leaf” (RC/760).

Conceptual Development: This character was named N. Finglas when he first appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s.

Sindarin [LotR/0474; LotRI/Finglas; LotRI/Leaflock; RC/760] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lass

leaf

lass (pl. #lais). (Letters:282, PM:135).

lass

leaf

(pl. #lais). (Letters:282, PM:135).

lasbelin

leaf-withering

(no distinct pl. form).

lasbelin

leaf-withering

” (= autumn) lasbelin (no distinct pl. form).

lasbelin

noun. leaf-fall, autumn

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

lasgalen

leaf-green

(pl. lesgelin).

lasgalen

leaf-green

lasgalen (pl. lesgelin).

lasgalen

leaf-green

lasgalen (pl. lesgelin)

l

autumn

asbelin (”leaf-withering”), no distinct pl. form. Coll. pl. l**asbeliniath**.

lasbelin

autumn

lasbelin (”leaf-withering”), no distinct pl. form. Coll. pl. lasbeliniath.

calen

green

1) (etymologically "bright") calen (lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath **Gelin, "Green Ridges"). 2) laeg (fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas** ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386).

laeg

green

(fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386). 

calen

adjective. green

Sindarin [Ety/362, S/429, Letters/282, RC/349, VT/42:19] Etym. "bright-coloured". Group: SINDICT. Published by

calen

green

(galen) _ adj. _green (fresh, vigorous). galen after a sg. noun. Q. kălina (lit. illumined) sunny, light.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:77:153] < GAL. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

danna

fall

_ v. _fall. Q. lanta-.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:66] DAN-TA. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

danna-

verb. to fall

Written dant- in the Etymologies

Sindarin [Ety/354, X/Z] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dant

noun. fall

Sindarin [MR/373] Group: SINDICT. Published by

iavas

noun. autumn, autumn, *harvest (time)

Sindarin [LotR/1107] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laeb

adjective. green

_ adj. _green. A theoretical equivalent to Q. laiqua but that did not exist in Sindarin.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:153] < _laiqua_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

green

_ adj. _green. >> Legolas

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:84] < _laikā_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

adjective. green

_ adj. _green (of leaves, herbage). Q. laika.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:159] < LAY. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lant

noun. fall

Sindarin [Lanthir S/406, PM/349] Q lanta. Group: SINDICT. Published by

lost

adjective. empty

Sindarin [Ety/370, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lost

adjective. empty

calen

green

(lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath Gelin, "Green Ridges").

danna

fall

(verb) ?danna- (i dhanna, i nannar), pa.t. dant, past participle ("fallen") dannen, pl. dennin.

danna

fall

(i dhanna, i nannar), pa.t. dant, past participle ("fallen") dannen, pl. dennin.

dannas

autumn

(noun) dannas (i dhannas), pl. dannais (i nannais), also dant (i dhant) (fall, falling), pl. daint (i naint). (PM:135)

dannas

autumn

(i dhannas), pl. dannais (i nannais), also dant (i dhant) (fall, falling), pl. daint (i naint). (PM:135)

dant

fall, falling

(i dhant) (autumn), pl. daint (i naint), also (and maybe particularly when the meaning is "autumn") dannas (i dhannas), pl. dannais (i nannais) (PM:135)

dath

steep fall

(i dhath) (hole, pit, abyss), pl. daith (i naith) (VT45:8).

nightfall

(i dhû) (night, dusk, late evening, darkness), pl. dui (i nui) (SD:302)

golas

collection of leaves

(i ’olas) (foliage), pl. gelais (i ngelais = i ñelais), coll. pl. golassath. Archaic pl. göleis. ”

iavas

autumn

1) iavas, pl. iavais, coll. pl. iavassath; 2)

iavas

autumn

pl. iavais, coll. pl. iavassath

lant

fall

_(noun) _1) #lant (pl. laint, coll. pl. lannath). This is apparently a Quenya borrowing, dant being the native Sindarin word. Note: a homophone means ”clearing in forest”. 2) pend (i bend, o phend; construct pen) (declivity), pl. pind (i phind), coll. pl. pennath. 3)

lant

fall

(pl. laint, coll. pl. lannath). This is apparently a Quenya borrowing, dant being the native Sindarin word. Note: a homophone means ”clearing in forest”. 2) pend (i bend, o phend; construct pen) (declivity), pl. pind (i phind), coll. pl. pennath. 3)

lanthir

waterfall

(no distinct pl. form). Coll. pl. lanthiriath.

lost

empty

lost (pl. lyst), also cofn (void), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn

lost

empty

(pl. lyst), also cofn (void), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn

Quenya 

lassë

noun. leaf, leaf; [ᴱQ.] petal

The basic Quenya word for “leaf”, derived from the root √LAS (PE17/62, 153; VT39/9). This word dates all the way back to the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s where ᴱQ. lasse “leaf” appeared as its own entry (QL/51). ᴹQ. lasse “leaf” also appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√LAS (Ety/LAS¹). In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien said that lasse meant both “a leaf or petal” (GL/52). After that Tolkien translated it only as “leaf”. In one set of later notes Tolkien said it was even more restricted in meaning, and “only applied to certain kinds of leaves, especially those of trees, and would not e.g. be used of leaf of a hyacinth (linque)” (PE17/62).

Neo-Quenya: Despite Tolkien late declaration, I would use lassë as the general “leaf” word for purposes of Neo-Quenya, though more specialized words may also exist such as linquë “(leaf of a) hyacinth”. I would also use it metaphorically in its Early Qenya sense as the “petal” of a flower where the context is very clear, such as lassi indilo “leaves of a lily” = “lily petals”. But where ambiguous, I would use the neologism ᴺQ. lótelas for “petal”, more literally “flower leaf”.

Quenya [Let/282; Let/382; LotR/0377; LotR/1107; PE16/096; PE17/062; PE17/076; PE19/106; Plotz/11; Plotz/12; Plotz/13; Plotz/14; Plotz/15; Plotz/16; Plotz/17; Plotz/18; Plotz/19; Plotz/20; RGEO/58; VT39/09; WJ/407] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lassë

leaf

lassë noun "leaf"; pl. lassi is attested (Nam, RGEO:66, Letters:283, LAS1, LT1:254, VT39:9, Narqelion); gen. lassëo "of a leaf", gen. pl. lassion "of leaves" (earlier lassio) (WJ:407). The word lassë was only applied to certain kinds of leaves, especially those of trees (PE17:62), perhaps particularly _ear-shaped _leaves (cf. the entry _LAS1 _in the Etymologies, where Tolkien comments on the pointed or leaf-shaped Elvish ears and suggests an etymological connection between words for "ear" and "leaf"); see also linquë #3. Compound lasselanta "leaf-fall", used (as was quellë) for the latter part of autumn and the beginning of winter (Appendix D, Letters:428); hence Lasselanta alternative name of October (PM:135). Cf. also lassemista "leaf-grey, grey-leaved" (LotR2:III ch. 4, translated in Letters:224, PE17:62), lassewinta a variant of lasselanta (PM:376). Adj. laicalassë "green as leaves" (PE17:56). See also lillassëa, lantalasselingëa.

taniquelassë

leaf

taniquelassë noun name of tree (UT:167), perhaps Tanique(til) + lassë "leaf"

lassemista

proper name. Leaf-Grey

The name of a tree in Fangorn beloved of the Ent Bregalad (LotR/483). It is a compound of lassë “leaf” and mista “grey” (PE17/83).

Quenya [Let/224; LotR/0483; LotRI/Lassemista; PE17/083] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lassecanta

leaf-shaped

lassecanta ("k")adj. "leaf-shaped" (KAT)

lasselanta

leaf-fall = autumn

lasselanta noun "leaf-fall = Autumn" (DAT/DANT, LAS1, Narqelion, LT1:254; "lasse-lanta" in VT45:24, but again lasselanta in VT45:26)

lassewinta

noun. leaf fall, autumn, *(lit.) leaf blowing

lasselanta

noun. (late) autumn, (lit.) leaf-fall, (late) autumn, (lit.) leaf-fall; [ᴹQ.] October

Quenya [Let/382; LotR/1107; LotR/1111; PM/376; RGEO/62] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laica

green

laica (1) adj. "green" (in older sources laiqua) (Letters:282, PE17:159). Laicolassë (laica + #olassë) "green-foliage" (PE17:46), Quenya cognate of Sindarin Laegolas (dialectal form Legolas); compare olassië. Adj. laicalassë "green as leaves", literally "green-leaf" (PE17:56).

lantë

noun. fall

A noun for “fall” appearing as an element of the title Noldolantë “Fall of the Noldor” (S/87).

Neo-Quenya: The word lasse-lanta “leaf-fall” (LotR/1107) indicates the noun for “a fall” should be lanta, which is also how the noun appears in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/DAT). However, there is an alternate form lassewinta “leaf fall” in drafts of the Lord of the Rings appendices (PM/376) where the second element seems to be the infinitive of the verb winta-, so perhaps lasselanta also includes the infinitive of the verb lanta- “to fall”.

The form lantë more strongly resembles other Quenya nouns, which more often end in -e rather than -a. As such, I prefer lantë over lanta as the independent noun for “a fall”.

lassëa

adjective. with leaves, leafy

laiqua

green

laiqua ("q")adj. "green" (LÁYAK, LT1:267, MC:214), "Qenya" pl. laiquali ("q")(MC:216). Occurs in the phrase laiqua'ondoisen ("q") "green-rocks-upon" (MC:221; this is "Qenya"), Laiqualassë ("q") masc. name "Legolas" (Greenleaf) (LT1:267). Used as noun in the phrase mi laiqua of somebody clad "in green" (PE17:71). In later material, the word for "green" appears as laica, and the cognate of Legolas is said to be Laicolassë, q.v. (PE17:56)

laica

adjective. green

Quenya [Let/282; PE17/056; PE17/084; PE17/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Endien

autumn

Endien noun, alternative term for "autumn" (PM:135). In the Etymologies, the word Endien was assigned a quite different meaning: "Midyear, Midyear week", in the calendar of Valinor a week outside the months, between the sixth and seventh months, dedicated to the Trees; also called Aldalemnar (YEN, LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK)

cumna

empty

cumna ("k")adj. "empty" (KUM)

ezel

green

ezel, ezella adj. "green" (in Vanyarin Quenya only). Adopted and adapted from Valarin. (WJ:399)

ezel(la)

adjective. green

laiqua

adjective. green

Quenya [CPT/1296; PE17/071; PE17/084; PE17/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lanta

fall

lanta (1) noun "a fall" (DAT/DANT (TALÁT) ), also lantë.

lanta-

fall

lanta- (2) "fall" (DAT/DANT (TALÁT), Narqelion, VT45:26, VT49:54); lantar aorist tense pl. (Nam, RGEO:66); pl. pa.t. lantaner "fell" (pl.) (SD:246); lantier "they fell", a plural past tense of lanta- "fall" occurring in LR:47; read probably lantaner in LotR-style Quenya, as in SD:246. Also sg. lantië "fell" (LR:56); read likewise *lantanë? (The forms in -ier, - seem to be properly perfects.) Future tense lantuva, VT49:47. Participle lantala "falling" (with locative ending: lantalassë) in Markirya.

lantar

fall

-r plural ending used on verbs with a plural subject (VT49:48, 50, 51), e.g. lantar "fall" in Namárië (with the plural subject lassi "leaves"), or unduláver as the pl. form of undulávë "licked down, covered" (PE17:72). The ending is sometimes missing where we might expect it; for instance, the verb tarnë "stood" has multiple subjects and yet does not appear as *tarner in PE17:71.

lantë

fall

#lantë (1) noun "fall" in Noldolantë, q.v. Also lanta.

rotsë

pipe

rotsë noun "pipe" (LT2:347); pl. rotser (?) in Narqelion? (Cf. QL:xiv)

simpa

pipe, flute

simpa noun "pipe, flute" (LT1:266)

simpina

pipe, flute

simpina noun "pipe, flute" (LT1:266)

wenya

green, yellow-green, fresh

wenya adj. "green, yellow-green, fresh" (GWEN), apparently "fair, beautiful" ("probably originally "fresh, fair, unblemished especially of beauty of youth") in a later deleted note (PE17:191).

yávië

autumn

yávië noun "autumn" (SA:yávë); "autumn, harvest", in the calendar of Imladris a precisely defined period of 54 days, but also used without any exact definition (Appendix D). Noun yáviérë *"Autumn-day", a day outside the months in the Steward's Reckoning, inserted between Yavannië and Narquelië (September and October) (Appendix D)

Noldorin 

lhass

noun. leaf

Noldorin [Ety/LAS¹; PM/135] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhass

noun. leaf

Noldorin [Ety/367, Letters/282, TC/169, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhasbelin

noun. leaf-fall, autumn

Noldorin [Ety/KWEL; Ety/LAS¹; EtyAC/KWEL; PM/136] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhasgalen

proper name. Green of Leaf

Noldorin [Ety/LAS¹; LR/210; LRI/Lhasgalen] Group: Eldamo. Published by

finglas

masculine name. Leaflock

Noldorin [TI/412; TII/Finglas] Group: Eldamo. Published by

calen

adjective. green

Noldorin [Ety/362, S/429, Letters/282, RC/349, VT/42:19] Etym. "bright-coloured". Group: SINDICT. Published by

caun

adjective. empty, void

Noldorin [Ety/366] Group: SINDICT. Published by

cofn

adjective. empty, void

Noldorin [Ety/366] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dannas

noun. autumn

dant-

verb. to fall

Written dant- in the Etymologies

Noldorin [Ety/354, X/Z] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dantilais

noun. autumn

firith

noun. autumn

lasbelin

noun. autumn

lhost

adjective. empty

Noldorin [Ety/370, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhost

adjective. empty

Noldorin [Ety/LUS; EtyAC/LŌ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Nandorin 

las

noun. leaf

lego

adjective. green

Nandorin [Let/282; PE17/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Quendya 

ezel(la)

adjective. green


Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

lasse

noun. leaf

Qenya [Ety/LAS¹; PE21/06; PE21/07; PE21/09; PE21/47; PE21/48; PE21/53; PE21/54; PE22/011; VT28/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lassekanta

adjective. leaf-shaped

An adjective for “leaf-shaped” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, a combination of ᴹQ. lasse “leaf” and ᴹQ. -kanta “-shaped” (Ety/KAT).

lasselanta

noun. leaf-fall, autumn; October

Qenya [Ety/DAT; Ety/LAS¹; EtyAC/KWEL; EtyAC/LANTA; PM/135] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lanta

noun. fall

Qenya [Ety/DAT; Ety/TALÁT] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kumna

adjective. empty

laiqa

adjective. green

qelle

noun. Autumn

Middle Primitive Elvish

lassē

noun. leaf

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LAS¹; PE21/09] Group: Eldamo. Published by

las

root. *leaf

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/KWEL; Ety/LAS¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lassekwelēne

noun. leaf-fading

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LAS¹; EtyAC/KWEL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

danta-

verb. fall

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/58; PE21/63] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

lhas

noun. leaf

Early Noldorin [PE13/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhaiw

adjective. green

Early Noldorin [PE13/148] Group: Eldamo. Published by

English

Leaflock

Leaflock

The name Finglas is composed by the two elements fing/find "lock of hair" and las "leaf".[source?] The element lock in Leaflock here has the meaning of "hair" since it is a translation of his Sindarin name.

English [Tolkien Gateway] Published by

Early Quenya

papta

noun. *leaf

lasse

noun. leaf; petal

Early Quenya [GL/52; LT1A/Gar Lossion; MC/213; MC/216; MC/220; PE16/062; PE16/072; PE16/074; PE16/075; PE16/077; PE16/080; PE16/090; PE16/092; PE16/139; PME/051; QL/051; VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

alildon ornin lassevarnen

?leaf-brown trees grow

Early Quenya [PE16/080] Group: Eldamo. Published by

paptaqelasta

noun. fall, *leaf dying

Early Quenya [PME/072; QL/072] Group: Eldamo. Published by

patl

noun. leaf (esp. of book)

Early Quenya [QL/072] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lassea

adjective. with leaves, leafy

A word in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “with leaves, leafy”, an adjective form of ᴱQ. lasse “leaf” (QL/51).

Neo-Quenya: Since both lassë “leaf” and the adjective suffix -ëa survived in Tolkien’s later writing, I would retain ᴺQ. lassëa “with leaves, leafy” for purposes of Neo-Quenya. It also appeared in Q. lillassëa “having mean leaves” from the 1960s (MC/223).

Early Quenya [QL/051; QL/067] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laiqa

adjective. green

Early Quenya [GL/39; LT1A/Tári-Laisi; MC/214; MC/216; MC/221; PE14/083; PE15/28; PE16/056; PE16/062; PE16/065; PE16/072; PE16/074; PE16/077; PE16/100; PE16/104; PE16/139; PME/052; QL/052; VT40/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

narqelion

noun. Autumn

Early Quenya [CPT/0259; LT1/041; LT1I/Narquelion; PME/051; PME/068; PME/072; QL/068] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laika

adjective. green

Gnomish

lasgweloth

noun. leaf-fading, autumn

Gnomish [GL/28; GL/52] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lass

noun. leaf; petal

Gnomish [GL/27; GL/30; GL/36; GL/42; GL/52; GL/55; GL/68; LT1A/Gar Lossion] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fôl

adjective. empty, bare, leafless (esp. of trees)

Gnomish [GL/33; GL/35] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laib

adjective. green

Gnomish [GL/39; GL/52; LT1A/Tári-Laisi; PE15/28] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fuglathrod

noun. pipe

A noun appearing as G. fuglathrod in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “a pipe”, a combination of G. fuglas “tobacco” and G. rod “tube” (GL/36).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would update this word to ᴺS. galenathrod “(smoking) pipe” using the later word galenas for “tobacco”.

nil

adjective. empty

ross

noun. pipe

Gnomish [GL/65; LT2A/Rothwarin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

lasa Speculative

root. *leaf

Early Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

Doriathrin

gwene

adjective. green

An adjective for “green” derived from the root ᴹ√GWEN (Ety/GWEN). Its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. wenya suggests its primitive form was ✱✶gwenyā [gwenjā]. If so, it is an example of how, after [[ilk|final [a] was lost]], the [[ilk|final [j] became [i]]] and then became [e], as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Ilkorin/gwene).

Doriathrin [Ety/GWEN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

losgen Reconstructed

adjective. empty

An adjective meaning “empty” attested only as an element in the Ilkorin name Mablosgen (Ety/MAP). As suggested by Helge Fauskanger, it might be a combination of Dor. lost and the adjective suffix -en, but if so it is unclear where the medial g came from (AL-Ilkorin/Mablosgen). Alternately, perhaps losgen is the general Ilkorin adjective for “empty” and lost is a variant used only in the Doriathrin dialect.

Doriathrin [Ety/MAP] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lost Reconstructed

adjective. empty

A Doriathrin adjective meaning “empty” attested only as an element in the name Dor. Mablost (Ety/KAB). Its Quenya cognate lusta suggests a primitive form ✱✶lustā, with the [o] developing from Ilkorin a-affection. It might be a Doriathrin-only variant of more general Ilkorin losgen “empty”.

Doriathrin [Ety/KAB] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

danta-

verb. fall

Old Noldorin [PE21/58] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive adûnaic

kalab

root. fall

A Primitive Adûnaic root gloss “fall” (SD/416) appearing as an element in the name Akallabêth (PM/158) and also most likely the basis for the verb kalab- “to fall (down)”.

Primitive adûnaic [PM/158; SD/416] Group: Eldamo. Published by