Rómë noun "east", variant of Rómen (PE17:59). Possessive romeva (read rómeva?), genitive rómeö (Ibid.)
Quenya
Ambalar
east
Rómë
east
hrómen
east
hrómen noun "east", variant of the more common Rómen, q.v. (PE17:18)
rómen
east
rómen, Rómen noun "east" (RŌ, MEN, SA:men), "uprising, sunrise, east" (SA:rómen); also name of tengwa #25 (Appendix E). Possessive form rómenwa (PE17:59).Variant hrómen, PE17:18. Rómenna, a place in the eastern part of Númenor, is simply the allative "eastward" (SA:rómen), cf. also rómenna in LR:47, 56. Ablative Rómello "from the East" or "[to one] from the East", hence Tolkien's translation "to those from the East" in his rendering of Namárië (Nam, RGEO:67, PE17:59; Romello with a short o in VT49:32). Masc. name Rómendacil "East-victor" (Appendix A; cf. Letters:425). Masc. name Rómestámo, Róme(n)star "East-helper" (PM:384, 391; probably ?Rómenstar must always become Rómestar, but Tolkien cited the form as Róme(n)star to indicate the connection with rómen "east")
róna
east
róna adj.? "east" (RŌ). Compare hróna.
hró-
prefix. east
hróme(n)
noun. east
róme
noun. east
róna
adjective. east
rómen
noun. east, uprising, sunrise
The Quenya word for “east”, cognate of S. rhûn (LotR/1123). In inflected or compounds forms, the final n was usually dropped as was generally the case with Quenya direction words, for example in the ablative from Rómello “from the East” (LotR/377). It was ultimately derived from the root √RŌ/ORO “rise” (PE17/63, Ety/RŌ). It originally meant “rising direction”, that is ro- + men, and was thus connected to the rising sun.
Conceptual Development: In the earliest Lost Tales the word for “East” was ᴱQ. oronto (LT1/85), a word that also appeared in the Qenya Lexicon from the 1910s, with the gloss “rising (of the sun)” (QL/70). On the same page Tolkien gave the word ᴱQ. óre “the dawn, Sunrise, East” (QL/70), so the connection between “East” and “sunrise” was a very early idea.
The word ᴹQ. rómen “east” appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s along with N. rhûn, both derived from ᴹ√RŌ (Ety/RŌ). At the time, there were no problems with this equivalence, since [[n|initial [r] was unvoiced]] in Noldorin. Tolkien went on to use both these forms in The Lord of the Rings.
Unfortunately, Tolkien later abandoned the unvoicing of initial r in Sindarin, making these two forms problematic. Tolkien considered modifying the Sindarin form to rûn (PE17/88) or the Quenya form to hrómen (PE17/18). The latter was probably derived from an s-strengthened form of the root ᴹ√SRŌ (PE22/127), where the initial sr- would become voiceless [r] in both Quenya and Sindarin. Ultimately, though, he left both forms alone. Perhaps he decided the s-strengthening of the root was a Sindarin-only variant.
Cognates
Element in
- ᴺQ. forrómen “northeast”
- Q. Rómendacil “East-victor, East-slayer” ✧ LotR/1044
- Q. Rómenna “Eastwards” ✧ SA/rómen
- Q. Rómestámo “East-helper” ✧ PM/385
- Q. sí vanwa ná, Rómello vanwa, Valimar! “now lost, lost to those from the east is Valimar!” ✧ LotR/0377; RGEO/58
- Q. sí vanwa ná, Rómello vanwa, Valimar! “now lost is, [to one] from the East lost, Valimar!” ✧ RGEO/59
Elements
Word Gloss ro- “uprising, sunrise, east” men “way, way; [ᴹQ.] place, spot” Variations
- Rómen ✧ LotR/1044; PE17/059; SA/men
- hróme(n) ✧ PE17/018
- Róme ✧ PE17/059
- Rōme(n) ✧ PE17/063
- Róme(n) ✧ PE17/074; PE17/125
- Róme- ✧ PM/385
Entar
thither lands, middle-earth, outer lands, east
Entar place-name "Thither Lands, Middle-earth, Outer Lands, East" (seen from Aman) (EN)
Entarda
thither lands, middle-earth, outer lands, east
Entarda place-name "Thither Lands, Middle-earth, Outer Lands, East" (seen from Aman) (EN, VT45:12)
orró-
uprising, sunrise, east
orró-, hró- "uprising, sunrise, east" (PE17:18), element underlying words like the following, and also hróna (q.v.)
ro-
prefix. uprising, sunrise, east
Derivations
- √(S)RŌ “east”
Element in
- Q. (h)róna “eastern, east” ✧ PE17/018
- Q. Hyarrostar “Southeastlands” ✧ UT/165
- Q. orróna “eastern” ✧ PE17/018
- Q. rómen “east, uprising, sunrise” ✧ PE17/018
Variations
- orrō- ✧ PE17/018
- hrō- ✧ PE17/018
(h)róna
adjective. eastern, east
Element in
Variations
- hrōna ✧ PE17/018
- róna ✧ RC/385
orró-
prefix. uprising, sunrise, east
Element in
- Q. Orrostar “Eastlands”
hróna
eastern
hróna adj. "eastern" (PE17:18), apparently a variant of róna, q.v. (itself not clearly glossed).
orróna
eastern
orróna adj. "eastern" (PE17:18)
rómenya
eastern
rómenya adj. "eastern" (RŌ)
orróna
adjective. eastern
Variations
- orrōna ✧ PE17/018
órë
rising
órë (2) noun "rising", anarórë "sunrise" (ORO). Cf. early "Qenya" órë "the dawn, Sunrise, East" (LT1:264). See under Melkor concerning the final element of Melkórë.
ambarónë
noun. dawn, dawn; [ᴹQ.] uprising, sunrise, Orient
Element in
- Q. Ambaróna “Eastern (Land)” ✧ PE17/082
Elements
Word Gloss amba “up(wards)” (h)róna “eastern, east” Variations
- ambaróne ✧ PE17/082; RC/385
Ambarónë
uprising, sunrise, orient
Ambarónë noun "uprising, sunrise, Orient" (AM2)
amaurëa
dawn, early day
†amaurëa noun "dawn, early day" (Markirya)
amuntë
sunrise
amuntë noun "sunrise" (LT2:335; Tolkien's later Quenya has anarórë)
anarórë
sunrise
anarórë noun "sunrise" (ORO)
ettelë
outer lands, foreign parts
ettelë noun "outer lands, foreign parts" (ET, VT45:13)
orontë
sunrise
orontë, oronto noun "Sunrise" (LT1:264). Notice that in Tolkiens later Quenya, orontë is also the intransitive pa.t. ("rose") of the verb orta- "rise/raise" (q.v.)
ortea
adjective. rising, ascendant
ára
dawn
ára noun "dawn" (AR1). According to VT45:6, ára is also the name of the long vowel carrier of the Tengwar system; it would be the first letter of the word ára if spelt in Tengwar.
Ambalar noun "East" (MC:221; this is "Qenya")