Quenya 

Ae

day

Ae (Quenya?) noun "day" (LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK - ae was written over ar [# 2] in the names of the Valinorean week, but ar was not struck out.)

ala

day

[ala (7) noun "day", also alan "daytime". The forms allen, alanen listed after these words could be inflected forms of them, genitive "of daytime", constracted (allen = al'nen) and uncontracted. However, Tolkien struck out all of this (VT45:13).]

ar

day

ar (2) noun "day" (PE17:148), apparently short for árë, occurring in the names of the Valinorean week listed below. Tolkien indicated that ar in these names could also be arë when the following element begins in a consonant (VT45:27). Usually the word for "day" in LotR-style Quenya is rather aurë (or ), q.v.

day

noun "day" (of the sun), a full 24-hour cycle (Appendix D) composed of aurë (day, daylight) and lómë "night" (VT49:45). Short - in compounds like Ringarë (q.v.). Allative rénna (VT49:45).

árë

day

árë noun "day" (PM:127) or "sunlight" (SA:arien). Stem ári- _(PE17:126, where the word is further defined as "warmth, especially of the sun, sunlight"). Also name of tengwa #31; cf. also ar # 2. Originally pronounced ázë; when /z/ merged with /r/, the letter became superfluous and was given the new value ss, hence it was re-named essë (Appendix E)_. Also árë nuquerna *"árë reversed", name of tengwa #32, similar to normal árë but turned upside down (Appendix E). See also ilyázëa, ilyárëa under ilya. In the Etymologies, this word has a short initial vowel: arë pl. ari (AR1)

calar

lamp

calar noun "lamp" (VT47:13)

calar

noun. lamp

A word for “lamp” in notes from the late 1960s derived from √kalar- (VT47/13). This word is less well-known than Q. calma “lamp” (LotR/1121).

Cognates

  • T. calar “lamp” ✧ VT47/13
  • S. calar “(portable) lamp”

Derivations

  • KALAR “*be radiant, [ᴹ√] be radiant” ✧ VT47/13
    • KAL “light; shine, be bright, light; shine, be bright, [ᴱ√] shine golden” ✧ PE18/087

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
kalar- > calar[kalar]✧ VT47/13

calma

lamp, a light, device for shining light

calma noun "lamp, a light, device for shining light" (Appendix E, KAL, PE17:123, 180), also name of tengwa #3 (cf. calmatéma), which was also already its name in the mostly pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies(VT45:18, there spelt "kalma"). In early "Qenya", calma ("k") meant"daylight" _(LT1:254; in MC:213, the word is translated "light").Plural instrumental calmainen ("k") "lights-by", by lights (MC:216)_

aurë

noun. day (as opposed to night), daylight, sunlight, morning, day (as opposed to night), daylight, morning; sunlight, [ᴱQ.] sunshine, gold light, warmth

Cognates

  • S. aur “(whole) day, (whole) day, sunlight, [N.] morning” ✧ PE17/148; SA/ur; PE17/120

Derivations

  • UR “heat, be hot” ✧ PE17/120; SA/ur
  • auri “heat, period of sun” ✧ PE17/148
    • UR “heat, be hot” ✧ PE17/148

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ur- > aure[auri] > [aure]✧ PE17/120
aurĭ- > aure[auri] > [aure]✧ PE17/148
ur- > aurë[auri] > [aure]✧ SA/ur

Variations

  • aure ✧ PE17/120; PE17/148; VT49/45
  • Aurë ✧ S/195
Quenya [MC/222; MC/223; Minor-Doc/1955-CT; PE17/120; PE17/148; RC/727; S/190; S/195; SA/ur; VT49/45; WJ/166] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

aur

noun. day, sunlight, morning

Sindarin [Ety/349, S/439] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calan

noun. day, period of actual daylight

Attested in the first edition of LotR, but omitted from the second.

Sindarin [aLotR/D] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lim

adjective. clear, sparkling, light

Sindarin [WJ/337] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calar

noun. (portable) lamp

Sindarin [celerdain LotR/V:I, WR/287, RC/523] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calar

noun. lamp

n. lamp. >> calardan

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:96] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

penninor

noun. last day of the year

Sindarin [Ety/400, X/Z] pant+în+aur. Group: SINDICT. Published by

orithil

noun. third day of the week, day of the Moon

Sindarin [LotR/D] aur+ithil. Group: SINDICT. Published by

orbelain

noun. sixth day of the week, day of the Powers or Valar

Sindarin [LotR/D] aur+belain. Group: SINDICT. Published by

orgaladh

noun. fourth day of the Númenórean week, day of the White Tree

This day was formerly called orgaladhad in the Elvish calendar

Sindarin [LotR/D] aur+galadh. Group: SINDICT. Published by

orgilion

noun. first day of the week, day of the Stars

Sindarin [LotR/D] aur+gil, with archaic genitive. Group: SINDICT. Published by

orgaladhad

noun. fourth day of the Elvish week, day of the Two Trees

This day was renamed orgaladh in the Númenórean calendar

Sindarin [LotR/D] aur+galadh, with quenya influenced dual ending. Group: SINDICT. Published by

ormenel

noun. fifth day of the week, Heavens' day

Sindarin [LotR/D] aur+menel. Group: SINDICT. Published by

oranor

noun. second day of the week, day of the Sun

Sindarin [LotR/D] aur+anor. Group: SINDICT. Published by

oraearon

noun. seventh day of the Númenórean week, Sea-day

Sindarin [LotR/D] aur+aearon. Group: SINDICT. Published by

aur

day

aur (morning), pl. oer. As prefix or- in names of weekdays.

aur

day

(morning), pl. oer. As prefix or- in names of weekdays.

calan

daytime

(i galan, o chalan), pl. celain (i chelain)

lim

clear

(adj.) lim (sparkling, light), no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”fish”.

lim

clear

(sparkling, light), no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”fish”.

calar

lamp

#calar (i galar, o chalar), pl. celair (i chelair). Isolated from the pl. compound celerdain "lampwrights", sg. *calardan.

calar

lamp

(i galar, o chalar), pl. celair (i chelair). Isolated from the pl. compound celerdain "lampwrights", sg. ✱calardan.

edinor

anniversary day

(pl. edinoer). Archaic edinaur. In ”Noldorin”, the word appeared as edinar.

glanna

clear

(verb, ”make clear”) *glanna- (i **lanna, in glannar**) (VT45:13; this is how David Salo would normalize the form ”glantha” occurring in the primary source)

glanna

clear

(i ’lanna, in glannar) (VT45:13; this is how David Salo would normalize the form ”glantha” occurring in the primary source)

glân

clear

glân (white), lenited lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”.

glân

clear

(white), lenited ’lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”.

Telerin 

calar

noun. lamp

Cognates

  • Q. calar “lamp” ✧ VT47/13
  • S. calar “(portable) lamp”

Derivations

  • KALAR “*be radiant, [ᴹ√] be radiant” ✧ VT47/13
    • KAL “light; shine, be bright, light; shine, be bright, [ᴱ√] shine golden” ✧ PE18/087

Noldorin 

ar-

prefix. day

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. are “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶ari “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹
    • ᴹ√AR “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹

Element in

  • N. Ar Fennuir “Day of the Fanturi, fourth day of the Valian week”
  • N. Ar Neleduir “Day of the three kings, fifth day of the Valian week”
  • N. Ar Nethwelein “Day of the younger Gods, fifth day of the Valian week”
  • N. Ar Uiar “Day of Ulmo, second day of the Valian week”
  • N. Ar Vanwe “Day of Manwe, first day of the Valian week” ✧ Ety/AR¹
  • N. Ar Vedhwen “Day of the Spouses, third day of the Valian week”
  • N. Ar Velegol “Day of Aule, alternate name of the third day of the Valian week”
  • N. Ar Ifan “*Day of Yavanna”
  • N. edinar “anniversary day”
  • N. Aroeren “Sea-day”
  • N. Aranor “*Sun-day”
  • N. Arvelain “*Day of the Valar”
  • N. Argalad “Tree Day”
  • N. Argaladath “*Day of the Trees”
  • N. Argilion “*Star-day”
  • N. Arithil “*Moon-day”
  • N. Arvenel “*Heavens-day”
  • N. penninar “full year (last day of year)”
  • N. Ardórin “?Day of Kings”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶ari- > ar-[ari] > [are] > [ar]✧ Ety/AR¹

Variations

  • ar- ✧ Ety/AR¹
Noldorin [Ety/AR¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aur

noun. day, sunlight, morning

Noldorin [Ety/349, S/439] Group: SINDICT. Published by

penninar

noun. last day of the year

Noldorin [Ety/400, X/Z] pant+în+aur. Group: SINDICT. Published by

glan

adjective. clear

Changes

  • glanglan “daylight” ✧ EtyAC/GAL¹

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GALAN “bright” ✧ EtyAC/GAL¹

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GALÁN > glan[galána] > [glana] > [glan]✧ EtyAC/GAL¹
Noldorin [EtyAC/GAL¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

ala

noun. day

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GALAN “bright” ✧ EtyAC/GAL¹

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GALÁN > ala[gala] > [ɣala] > [ala]✧ EtyAC/GAL¹
Qenya [EtyAC/GAL¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

are

noun. day

Cognates

  • N. ar- “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶ari “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹
    • ᴹ√AR “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Are Fanturion “Day of the Fanturi, fourth day of the Valian week”
  • ᴹQ. Are Manwen “Day of Manwe, first day of the Valian week”
  • ᴹQ. Arendien “Midyear’s Day”
  • ᴹQ. Are Veruen “Day of the Spouses, third day of the Valian week”
  • ᴹQ. artuile “dayspring, early morn”
  • ᴹQ. Ar Ulmon “Day of Ulmo, second day of the Valian week”
  • ᴹQ. enar “tomorrow”
  • ᴹQ. Mettare “Year’s end”
  • ᴹQ. sinar “today, this morning”
  • ᴹQ. Tuilear “Springdays”
  • ᴹQ. yáre “former days”
  • ᴹQ. Koirear “Stirringdays”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶ari- > are[ari] > [are]✧ Ety/AR¹

kalumet

noun. lamp

Middle Primitive Elvish

ar

root. day

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “day” with various derivatives like ᴹQ. are, N. aur “day” and ᴹQ. arin “morning” (Ety/AR¹). In Tolkien’s later writings, the Quenya word for “day” became aurë (RC/727; S/190), and in 1957 Quenya Notes he devised a new etymology for these day-words from the root √UR “heat” as in ✶auri “heat, period of sun” (PE17/148). That opens the question whether the various 1930s Quenya “morning” words from ᴹ√AR remain valid, but many Neo-Quenya writers (including me) retain them since there aren’t really any good alternatives. They might be salvageable as derivatives of the later root √AS “warmth” (so that “day” = “hot” and “morning” = “warm”).

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶ari “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹
    • ᴹQ. are “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹
    • N. ar- “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹
  • ᴹQ. ára “dawn, day” ✧ Ety/AR¹
  • ᴹQ. arie “daytime” ✧ Ety/AR¹
  • ᴹQ. arin “morning” ✧ Ety/AR¹
  • ᴹQ. arya “day (twelve hours)” ✧ Ety/AR¹
  • N. arad “daytime, a day” ✧ Ety/AR¹
  • N. aur “day, morning” ✧ Ety/AR¹

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Árien “Sun-maiden” ✧ Ety/AR¹
  • ᴹQ. artuile “dayspring, early morn” ✧ Ety/TUY
  • ᴹQ. Aryante “Day-bringer” ✧ Ety/ANA¹
  • N. Eriant “Day-bringer” ✧ Ety/AR¹
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/ANA¹; Ety/AR¹; Ety/TUY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ari

noun. day

Derivations

  • ᴹ√AR “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. are “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹
  • N. ar- “day” ✧ Ety/AR¹

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√AR¹ > ari-[ari]✧ Ety/AR¹

Variations

  • ari- ✧ Ety/AR¹
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/AR¹; EtyAC/AR¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

gôl

noun. daylight, day

Derivations

  • ᴱ√KALA “shine golden”

Variations

  • gôl ✧ GL/41

gal(a)

noun. daylight, light

Changes

  • gâlagala ✧ GL/37
  • gălgăla ✧ GL/38
  • gawlgâl “a light” ✧ PE13/114

Cognates

  • Eq. kala “light, daytime (sunlight), 12 hours” ✧ GL/37
  • Eq. kále “morning” ✧ PE13/114

Derivations

Element in

  • G. Galaduir “Sun” ✧ PE13/114
  • G. galwed “brilliant, shining” ✧ PE13/114
  • G. galwen “brilliance” ✧ PE13/114
  • G. galoth “window, *(lit.) light hole” ✧ GL/37

Variations

  • gala ✧ GL/37; GL/41
  • gâla ✧ GL/37 (gâla)
  • găla ✧ GL/38
  • găl ✧ GL/38
  • gâl ✧ PE13/114
  • gaul ✧ PE13/114
  • gawl ✧ PE13/114 (gawl)
Gnomish [GL/37; GL/38; GL/41; PE13/114] Group: Eldamo. Published by

danuin

masculine name. Day

Changes

  • DanosDanuin ✧ LT1/222
  • DanaDanuin ✧ LT1/222
  • DanaDanuin ✧ LT1A/Danuin
  • DanosDanuin ✧ LT1I/Danuin
  • DanaDanuin ✧ LT1I/Danuin

Variations

  • Danos ✧ LT1/222 (Danos); LT1I/Danuin (Danos)
  • Dana ✧ LT1/222 (Dana); LT1A/Danuin (Dana); LT1I/Danuin (Dana)
Gnomish [LT1/217; LT1/222; LT1A/Danuin; LT1I/Danuin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

dân

noun. day

dant

noun. lamp

Derivations

Element in

  • G. dantha- “to illuminate, light up, illustrate” ✧ GL/29

Early Primitive Elvish

ðana

root. day

A primitive form in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives meaning “day” (GL/38). There were a variety of different roots for “day” in later writings such ᴹ√AR or √UR.

Derivatives

  • Eq. sana “day (24 hours)”
  • G. dana “day (24 hours)”
  • G. dôn “[unglossed]”

Element in

Variations

  • ðana ✧ GL/66 (ðana)
Early Primitive Elvish [GL/66] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

kale

noun. day

Changes

  • kaletantare “day” ✧ PE14/043

Derivations

  • ᴱ√KALA “shine golden”
Early Quenya [PE14/043] Group: Eldamo. Published by

noun. day

Element in

  • Eq. Ambalar “the East” ✧ PE16/075

Variations

  • ✧ PE16/075
Early Quenya [PE16/075] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kalumet

noun. lamp

Cognates

  • En. glavaith “blaze, burning, blazing light” ✧ PE13/162

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶k’lamektā > kalumet[kalumekta] > [kalumektǝ] > [kalumekt] > [kalumett] > [kalumet]✧ PE13/162
Early Quenya [PE13/162; PME/044; QL/044] Group: Eldamo. Published by