Quenya 

tuilindo

swallow

tuilindo noun "swallow", etymologically "spring-singer" (TUY, LIN2, LT1:269, LT2:338)

lanco

throat, swallow

lanco ("k")noun "throat, swallow" _(LAK1 , LANK). _Since this was changed by Tolkien from lango with stem *langu- and pl. langwi, it may be that lanco* should similarly have the stem lancu**- and pl. *lanqui.

capta-

startle

capta- ("k") vb. "startle", pa.t. cápë (QL:45)

undulav-

lick down

undulav- vb., literally "lick down" = cover (glossed "swallow" in PE17:72). Lumbulë undulávë ilyë tier "(heavy) shadow down-licked all paths", lyrical translation "all paths are drowned deep in shadow" (Nam). The pl. past tense would be unduláver (PE17:72).

lango

throat

[lango (3) noun "throat"] (Tolkien also listed the plural form langwi_; in the _Etymologies as printed in LR, Christopher Tolkien improperly prefixed an asterisk as if it were an primitive or wrong form; see VT45:26. This indicates that lango has the stem-form *langu-. Compare ango "snake", stem #angu-, pl. angwi. But whatever the case, lango was changed to lanco.) (LANG, see LANK)

langon

throat

langon noun "throat" (MC:216; this is "Qenya", possibly an inflected form of lango #2 above but Tolkien changed it to lanco)

undulav-

verb. to drown, swallow, submerge, (lit.) lick down

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
undu“down, under, down, under, [ᴹQ.] beneath”
lav-“to lick”

Variations

  • undu-lav- ✧ PE17/072
Quenya [LotR/0377; PE17/072; RGEO/58] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hluc-

verb. to swallow

A neologism for “to swallow” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), derived from the root ᴹ√SLUK of the same meaning.

Derivations

  • ᴹ√SLUK “swallow”
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Sindarin 

lanc

noun. throat

Sindarin [Ety/367, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

duilin

masculine name. Duilin

A Gondorian from Blackroot Vale (LotR/770). The meaning of his name is unclear, though David Salo speculated that it might be “?Singer by the River”, containing the same element duin “river” as in the name of his father (GS/347).

Sindarin [LotRI/Duilin; PMI/Duilin; WRI/Duilin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tuilinn

swallow

(etymologically ”spring-singer”) *tuilinn (i duilinn, o thuilinn), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thuilinn). Form normalized from tuilind in source; the latter would be an archaic form.

tuilinn

swallow

(i duilinn, o thuilinn), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thuilinn). Form normalized from tuilind in source; the latter would be an archaic form.

lanc

throat

lanc (neck), pl. lainc, coll. pl. langath. Note: homophones mean ”naked” and also ”sharp edge, sudden end, brink”.

lanc

throat

(neck), pl. lainc, coll. pl. langath. Note: homophones mean ”naked” and also ”sharp edge, sudden end, brink”.

Noldorin 

tuilin

noun. swallow (bird)

Noldorin [Ety/395, X/ND4] "spring-singer". Group: SINDICT. Published by

tuilind

noun. swallow (bird)

Noldorin [Ety/395, X/ND4] "spring-singer". Group: SINDICT. Published by

tuilinn

noun. swallow (bird)

Noldorin [Ety/395, X/ND4] "spring-singer". Group: SINDICT. Published by

tuilinn

noun. swallow, (lit.) spring-singer

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s for a “swallow” derived from primitive ᴹ✶tuilelindō “spring-singer” (Ety/LIN², TUY).

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, Tolkien had G. {duil >>} G. duiling or duilinc “swallow”, apparently a diminutive form based on (archaic) ᴱ✶du̯il “bird” (GL/31). Tolkien also had deleted G. duil “spring” (GL/31), and in the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon he gave as its cognate ᴱQ. tuilindo “spring-singer, swallow” under the early root ᴱ√TUẎU that was the basis for “spring” words (QL/96). However, Tolkien marked this Qenya form with a “✱” and said it was “not related”, so perhaps Tolkien reimagined word as a derivative of ✱ᴱ√DUYU that was the basis for “bird” words in the Gnomish Lexicon, since initial d became t in Early Qenya.

ᴱN. {duilen >>} duilin “a swallow” reappeared in the Early Noldorin Grammar of the 1920s (PE13/120) and duilin “swallow” appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the same period (PE13/142). N. tuilinn “swallow, (lit.) spring-singer” first appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s, as described above.

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. tuilindo “swallow, (lit.) spring-singer” ✧ Ety/LIN²; Ety/TUY

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tuilelindō “spring-singer, swallow” ✧ Ety/TUY

Elements

WordGloss
tui“sprout, bud”
lhinn“air, tune”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tuilelindō > tuilind > tuilinn[tuilelindō] > [tuilelindo] > [tuilindo] > [tuilind] > [tuilinn]✧ Ety/TUY
Noldorin [Ety/LIN²; Ety/TUY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhanc

noun. throat

Noldorin [Ety/367, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhanc

noun. throat

Changes

  • lhang → lhanc “throat” ✧ Ety/LANK

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. lanko “throat” ✧ Ety/LANK; Ety/LAK¹
  • ᴹQ. lango “throat” ✧ Ety/LANK

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LAK “swallow” ✧ Ety/LANK; Ety/LANK; EtyAC/LAK¹

Element in

  • N. tarlanc “stiff-necked, obstinate”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LANK > lhanc[laŋko] > [laŋkʰo] > [laŋxo] > [laŋx] > [l̥aŋx] > [l̥aŋk]✧ Ety/LANK
ᴹ√LANG > lhang[laŋgō] > [laŋgo] > [laŋg] > [laŋ]✧ Ety/LANK
ᴹ√LAK¹ > lhanc[laŋko] > [laŋkʰo] > [laŋxo] > [laŋx] > [l̥aŋx] > [l̥aŋk]✧ EtyAC/LAK¹

Variations

  • lhang ✧ Ety/LANK (lhang)
Noldorin [Ety/LANK; EtyAC/LAK¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

tuilindo

noun. swallow, (lit.) spring-singer

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “swallow, spring-singer”, a combination of ᴹQ. tuile “spring” and ᴹQ. lindo “singer” (Ety/LIN², TUY).

Conceptual Development: ᴱQ. tuilindo “spring-singer, swallow” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√TUẎU, apparently with the same derivation as it had in the 1930s (QL/96). Tuilindo “swallow” also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/96).

Cognates

  • N. tuilinn “swallow, (lit.) spring-singer” ✧ Ety/LIN²; Ety/TUY

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tuilelindō “spring-singer, swallow” ✧ Ety/TUY

Elements

WordGloss
tuile“spring, spring-time”
lindo“singer, singing bird”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tuilelindō > tuilindo[tuilelindō] > [tuilindō] > [tuilindo]✧ Ety/TUY
Qenya [Ety/LIN²; Ety/TUY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lango

noun. throat

Changes

  • lango → lanko “neck” ✧ Ety/LANK

Cognates

  • N. lhanc “throat” ✧ Ety/LANK

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LAK “swallow” ✧ Ety/LANK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LANG > lango[laŋgo]✧ Ety/LANK

Variations

  • lango ✧ Ety/LANK (lango); EtyAC/LANK (lango); PE21/08
  • langwi ✧ EtyAC/LANK (✶langwi)
Qenya [Ety/LANK; EtyAC/LANK; PE21/08] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lanko

noun. throat

Cognates

  • N. lhanc “throat” ✧ Ety/LANK; Ety/LAK¹

Derivations

  • ᴹ√LAK “swallow” ✧ Ety/LAK¹; Ety/LANK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√LAK¹ > lanko[laŋko]✧ Ety/LAK¹
ᴹ√LANK > lanko[laŋko]✧ Ety/LANK
Qenya [Ety/LAK¹; Ety/LANK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

lak

root. swallow

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “swallow” with variant ᴹ√LANK and derivatives ᴹQ. lanko/N. lhanc “throat” (Ety/LAK¹, LANK), the latter an element in N. tarlanc “stiff-necked, obstinate” (Ety/TÁRAG). This last word was changed to S. tarlang in Tolkien’s later writings (PE17/92; RC/536), consistent with an earlier but rejected form ᴹ√LANG for ᴹ√LANK in The Etymologies (Ety/LANK).

In later writings, Q. lango/S. lang meant “neck” rather than “throat”, so it is tempting to retain ᴹ√LAK for “throat” and other swallow-words. But it would be very confusing to have such similar but unrelated words for “neck” and “throat”, so I recommend using the root ᴹ√SLUK for “swallow” instead, and Q. lango, S. lang for both “neck” and “throat”.

Changes

  • LANG → LANK ✧ Ety/LANK
  • LAK¹ → LAK¹ “devour, swallow” ✧ Ety/LAK¹

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. lanko “throat” ✧ Ety/LAK¹; Ety/LANK
  • ᴹQ. lango “throat” ✧ Ety/LANK
  • N. lhanc “throat” ✧ Ety/LANK; Ety/LANK; EtyAC/LAK¹

Element in

  • N. tarlanc “stiff-necked, obstinate” ✧ Ety/TÁRAG

Variations

  • LANK ✧ Ety/LAK¹; Ety/LANK; Ety/TÁRAG
  • LANG ✧ Ety/LANK (LANG)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LAK¹; Ety/LANK; Ety/TÁRAG; EtyAC/LAK¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lank

root. swallow

Middle Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

sluk

root. swallow

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s with no derivatives (Ety/SLUK).

Derivatives

  • ᴺQ. hluc- “to swallow”
  • ᴺQ. hlunco “pharynx, gullet”
  • ᴺS. lhunc “pharynx, gullet”
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/SLUK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tuilelindō

noun. spring-singer, swallow

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. tuilindo “swallow, (lit.) spring-singer” ✧ Ety/TUY
  • N. tuilinn “swallow, (lit.) spring-singer” ✧ Ety/TUY
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TUY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

duil

noun. swallow

Derivations

Variations

  • duil ✧ GL/31 (duil)

duilin

masculine name. Swallow

Changes

  • Duilin → Fuilin ✧ LBI/Fuilin
  • Duliglin → Duilin ✧ LT2/203
  • Duliglin → Duilin ✧ LT2I/Duilin

Cognates

Element in

  • G. Nos Duilin “*People of Duilin” ✧ LT2A/Duilin; PE15/22
  • G. Thlim Duilin “*Folk of the Swallow” ✧ PE13/104

Variations

  • Duliglin ✧ LT2/203 (Duliglin); LT2I/Duilin (Duliglin)
Gnomish [LBI/Duilin; LBI/Fuilin; LT2/203; LT2A/Duilin; LT2I/bo-Dhuilin; LT2I/Dhuilon; LT2I/Duilin; PE13/104; PE15/22] Group: Eldamo. Published by

duilin(g)

noun. swallow

Changes

  • duili → duilinc ✧ GL/31

Cognates

  • Eq. tuilindo “swallow, (lit.) spring-singer” ✧ LT2A/Duilin; QL/096

Element in

  • G. Duilin “Swallow” ✧ LT2A/Duilin

Variations

  • duiling ✧ GL/31; QL/096
  • duilinc ✧ GL/31
  • duili ✧ GL/31 (duili)
  • duirilin ✧ GL/31 (duirilin)
  • duilin ✧ GL/39; GL/54
Gnomish [GL/23; GL/31; GL/39; GL/54; LT2A/Duilin; QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by

duilinc

noun. swallow

glindwil

noun. swallow

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s for the bird “swallow” with variants glindwil and lindwil, a combination of G. glin “sound” and the suffixal form -wil of G. bil bird (GL/39, 54).

Elements

WordGloss
glin“sound, voice, utterance”
bil“bird”

Variations

  • lindwil ✧ GL/31 (lindwil); GL/39; GL/54
Gnomish [GL/31; GL/39; GL/54] Group: Eldamo. Published by

loda-

verb. to swallow, gulp down

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “swallow, gulp down” (GL/54), related to the noun G. glod “throat, gullet” (GL/40). Elsewhere Tolkien had the (deleted) verb G. glonta- “swallow, gulp, devour” (GL/40).

Changes

  • lod- → loda ✧ GL/54

Derivations

Variations

  • lod- ✧ GL/40; GL/54 (lod-)
  • loda ✧ GL/54
Gnomish [GL/40; GL/54] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glonta-

verb. to swallow, gulp, devour

cwerc

noun. throat

Cognates

  • Eq. qerka “throat” ✧ GL/28

Early Noldorin

duilin

noun. swallow

Changes

  • duilen → duilin ✧ PE13/120

Element in

  • En. urdhuilin “without swallows” ✧ PE13/156

Variations

  • duilen ✧ PE13/120 (duilen)
Early Noldorin [PE13/120; PE13/142; PE13/156] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gara

noun. throat

The word ᴱN. gara “throat” (archaic †garg) appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists derived from primitive ᴱ✶go, where the long syllable ṝ became ar (PE13/144). Compare this to ᴱN. griw “alimentary canal” from primitive ᴱ✶grgu-, where with short syllabic ṛ the result was gri-.

Conceptual Development: G. cwerc “throat” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s might be a conceptual precursor (GL/28), perhaps from primitive qṛk-, though elsewhere in the Gnomish Lexicon, qṛ- > cur-, as in ᴱ√qṛđ > G. curdhu (GL/28).

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ✶gṝgo “throat” ✧ PE13/144

Element in

  • En. garion “hauberk” ✧ PE13/144

Variations

  • garg ✧ PE13/144 (garg)
Early Noldorin [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

gṝgo

noun. throat

Derivatives

  • Eilk. kark ✧ PE13/144
  • En. gara “throat” ✧ PE13/144
  • Et. gargo ✧ PE13/144

Variations

  • gr:go ✧ PE13/144
Early Primitive Elvish [PE13/144] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

tuilindo

noun. swallow, (lit.) spring-singer

Cognates

  • G. duilin(g) “swallow” ✧ LT2A/Duilin; QL/096

Element in

Variations

  • Tuilindo ✧ LT2A/Duilin; LT2A/Duilin; QL/096
  • tuilind- ✧ QL/053 (tuilind-)
Early Quenya [LT1A/Tuilérë; LT2A/Duilin; PE15/22; PME/096; QL/053; QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by

qelqa

noun. throat

The word ᴱQ. qerka appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s as the cognate of G. cwerc “throat” (GL/28). ᴱQ. qerka “throat” appeared again in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/136), but in a list of body parts from this same period it was ᴱQ. qelqa “throat” (PE14/117). There are no signs of these words in Tolkien’s later writings.

Early Quenya [PE14/117] Group: Eldamo. Published by

qerka

noun. throat

Cognates

  • G. cwerc “throat” ✧ GL/28

Element in

Early Quenya [GL/28; PE16/136] Group: Eldamo. Published by