prep. to Na-chaered palan-díriel lit. "To-distance (remote) after-gazing" >> na-chaered, nan 2
Sindarin
na
preposition. with, by (also used as a genitive sign)
na
preposition. to, towards, at
na
to
na
preposition. to
na
preposition. at
prep. at (a point of time or place). Ai na vedui Dúnadan. Mae g'ovannen. 'Ah! At last, Dúnadan ! Well met !'.
na
used with subject
poss. art. used with subject, e.g. roch na-heryna 'the horse of (the) lady'. >> an, roch na-heryna
na
preposition. like French à
_ prep. _like French à, provided with, marked by, with, etc.. >> nan 2
na
'with'
d prep. 'with', possessing, provided with, esp. of characteristic feature. nan before vowels. Orod na Thôn 'Mount of the Pines Tree(s)'. >> nan 2
na
preposition. to, towards, at
Derivations
- √NA/ANA “to, towards; at side of, alongside, besides; moreover, in addition, plus” ✧ PE17/146
Element in
- S. ai na vedui Dúnadan “Ah! at last, Dúnadan!” ✧ LotR/0209; PE17/016
- S. man agorech? “*and said Rían to Tuor: what have we done?” ✧ VT50/21
- ᴺS. nabant “almost, (lit.) towards full”
- S. na-chaered palan-díriel “to lands remote I have looked afar” ✧ LotR/0238; PE17/025; PE17/147; RGEO/63; RGEO/64
- ᴺS. naden “until, up to, as far as”
- ᴺS. navan “where, whither, to where, (lit.) at/to what”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ANA/NĀ > nā > na [na] ✧ PE17/146 Variations
- na ✧ LotR/0209; PE17/016; PE17/025; PE17/025; PE17/147; PE17/147; PE17/147 (na)
- Na ✧ LotR/0238; RGEO/63; RGEO/64
- -na ✧ VT50/21
na
preposition. of; with, along with, accompanied by, provided with or by, associated with, marked with, of; with, along with, accompanied by, provided with or by, associated with, marked with; [N.] by
na-
verb. to be
na-
verb. to be
Changes
dôd→ dád ✧ VT44/22dád→ hae ✧ VT44/22hae→ no ✧ VT44/24Cognates
- Q. ná- “to be, to be, [ᴱQ.] exist”
Derivations
- √NĀ “be (the same as another), exist”
Element in
- S. no aer i eneth lín “hallowed be thy name” ✧ VT44/24
- ᴺS. novaer “goodbye, farewell, (lit.) be well”
- ᴺS. navaer “farewell, (lit.) be well”
- S. sí il chem en i Naugrim en ir Ellath thor den ammen “*now all (?hands) of the Dwarves and Elves will be (?against) to us” ✧ VT50/23
Variations
- dôd ✧ VT44/22 (
dôd)- dád ✧ VT44/22 (
dád)- hae ✧ VT44/22 (
hae)
nan
preposition. of
nan
'with'
prep. 'with', possessing, provided with, esp. of characteristic feature. Form of na before vowels. >> na 2b/c/d/e
na(n)
preposition. of; with, along with, accompanied by, provided with or by, associated with, marked with, of; provided with or by, associated with, marked with, with, along with, accompanied by; [N.] by
Cognates
- Ad. an- “of; genitive/adjectival prefix”
Derivations
Element in
- S. aran na chîr lim “*king of swift ships” ✧ PE17/147
- S. Arthor na Challonnas “Realm of the South-harbourage” ✧ PE17/028
- S. Arthor na Forlonnas “Realm of the North-harbourage” ✧ PE17/028
- S. Dor-na-Daerachas “Land of Great Dread”
- S. i arben na megil and “Knight of the Long Sword” ✧ PE17/147
- S. Mîr n’Ardhon “Jewel of the World” ✧ PM/348
- ᴺS. naman “how, (lit.) with what”
- S. Glaer nia Chîn Húrin “Tale of the Children of Húrin” ✧ WJ/160
- S. Orod-na-Thôn “Mount of the Pine Tree(s)” ✧ LotR/0469; PE17/082; PE17/147
- S. roch na-heryna “the horse of (the) Lady” ✧ PE17/097
- S. Sarch nia Chîn Húrin “Grave of the Children of Húrin” ✧ UT/140
- S. sí il chem en i Naugrim en ir Ellath thor den ammen “*now all (?hands) of the Dwarves and Elves will be (?against) to us” ✧ VT50/23
- S. Taur-na-Chardhîn “Forest of Southern Silence” ✧ WJI/Taur-na-Chardhîn
- S. Taur-na-Foen “Forest of the Foen” ✧ PE21/79; WJ/187
- S. Taur-na-Neldor “Beech-forest” ✧ LotR/0469
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ANA/NĀ > na [na] ✧ PE17/082 ✶ān/-āna > na [na] ✧ PE17/097 Variations
- na ✧ LotR/0469; LotR/0469; PE17/028; PE17/028; PE17/082; PE17/097; PE17/097; PE17/147; PE17/147; PE17/147; PE17/147; PE21/79 (Bel. na); VT50/23 (
na); WJ/187; WJI/Taur-na-Chardhîn- nan ✧ PE17/147; PE17/147
an
preposition. to, towards, for
With suffixed article and elision in aglar'ni Pheriannath
an
to
_ prep. _to, for. naur an edraith ammen! 'fire [be] for rescue/saving for us'. aglar an|i Pheriannath 'glory to all the Halflings'.
no
verb. be!
-en
suffix. adjective suffix
Derivations
- ✶-inā “passive participle”
Element in
Variations
- -en ✧ PE17/098 (-en); RGEO/62 (-en); SA/lin¹ (-en); SD/129
-in
suffix. adjective suffix
uin
preposition. of the
-ren
suffix. adjective suffix
@@@ perhaps a later, S-only, innovation
Cognates
- Q. -rin “-ian, racial-adjective, language”
Element in
- S. angren “of iron” ✧ SA/anga
- S. celebrin “like silver (in hue or worth), like silver (in hue or worth), [G.] of silver”
- S. edhellen “elvish”
- S. Falathren “Shore-language”
- ᴺS. gwaeren “windy”
- S. gwaeren “windy”
- S. gwathren “shadowy, dim”
- ᴺS. mabren “handed, having hands, dextrous”
- S. mithren “grey”
- S. silivren “(white) glittering, crystalline”
-eb
suffix. adjective suffix
Cognates
- Q. -inqua “-ful, complete” ✧ WJ/412
Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶ikwā > -ipā > -eb [-ikwā] > [-ipā] > [-ipa] > [-epa] > [-ep] > [-eb] ✧ WJ/412
-iel
suffix. adjective suffix
Element in
- S. glóriel “golden” ✧ S/235
Variations
- -iel ✧ S/235 (-iel)
di
preposition. with
_ prep. _with. Q. lé.
di
preposition. with
Changes
- di → di “with” ✧ PE17/095
Cognates
- Q. lé “with, with, [ᴹQ.] by, [ᴱQ.] with (accompaniment)” ✧ PE17/095
Derivations
- ✶dē “with” ✧ PE17/095
Element in
- S. le nallon sí di’nguruthos “here overwhelmed in dread of Death I cry” ✧ PE17/095
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶dē > di [dē] > [dī] > [di] ✧ PE17/095 Variations
- di ✧ PE17/095 (di)
o
from
(od), followed by hard mutation; with article uin ”from the, of the” (followed by mixed mutation according to David Salo’s reconstuctuons). (WJ:366) Not to be confused with o ”about, concerning” (q.v. for this meaning of ”of”). 2) na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of” 3)
na
near
(as preposition, = ”at, by”) na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
near
(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
with
(in instrumental sense?) na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
with
(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
by
(near) na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
by
(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
be
: The verb ”to be” is poorly attested. Apparently the root is na-. The imperative is attested as no, and nad (used = ”thing”) may be seen as an original gerund *”a being”. It seems that the copula ”is, are” (and ”was, were”?) can be omitted altogether, as in the ”Noldorin” sentence lheben teil brann i annon ”five feet high [is] the door” (AI:92), in Sindarin perhaps *leben tail brand i annon.
na
be
. The imperative is attested as no, and nad (used = ”thing”) may be seen as an original gerund ✱”a being”. It seems that the copula ”is, are” (and ”was, were”?) can be omitted altogether, as in the ”Noldorin” sentence lheben teil brann i annon ”five feet high [is] the door” (AI:92), in Sindarin perhaps ✱leben tail brand i annon.
na
at
na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
at
(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
to, toward
1) na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of” 2)
na
to, toward
(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
nev
near
(adj. pref.) nev- (hither, on this side). Also used as a preposition nef ”on this side of”.
nev
near
(hither, on this side). Also used as a preposition nef ”on this side of”.
ad
again
(as prefix) ad-, also meaning "back, second, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".
ad
again
also meaning "back, second, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".
an
for
(prep.) an (+ nasal mutation), with article ni ”for the” (+ nasal mutation in plural).
an
for
(adverbial prefix) an-
an
for
(+ nasal mutation), with article ’ni ”for the” (+ nasal mutation in plural).
an
for the
(for) + i (the).
an
to
(prep.) an (+ nasal mutation), with article ni "to the" (+ nasal mutation in plural).
an
to
(adverbial prefix) an-. 3)
an
to
(+ nasal mutation), with article ’ni "to the" (+ nasal mutation in plural).
an
to the
(for) + i (the).
en
of the
e- (sg. genitival article)
ach
conjunction. but
[it] appears that ach is the contrastive coordinating conjunction 'but'.
ach
conjunction. but
[it] appears that ach is the contrastive coordinating conjunction 'but'.
eden
begun again
(new), pl. edin
ammen
for us
(to us).
ammen
to us
(for us)
e _ prep. _to, towards (of spacetime). n' before vowels. >> nan 2