A prepositional suffix translated “with” (SD/247, 429).
Conceptual Development: At an earlier conceptual stage, it was the grammatical inflection -ma used for the draft-instrumental (SD/438).
Adûnaic
an-
prefix. of; genitive/adjectival prefix
Cognates
- S. na(n) “of; with, along with, accompanied by, provided with or by, associated with, marked with, of; provided with or by, associated with, marked with, with, along with, accompanied by; [N.] by”
Element in
- Ad. Zen’namân “Blessed Realm, Land of Amân”
- Ad. anadûni “western” ✧ SD/435
- Ad. Ar-Pharazônun Bâr ’nAnadûnê “King Pharazon is Lord of Anadune” ✧ SD/428
- Ad. Ârû ’nAdûnâi “King of the Anadunians” ✧ SD/429
- Ad. balîk hazad an-Nimruzîr azûlada “seven ships of Elendil [went] eastward” ✧ SD/247
- Ad. Bârim an-Adûn yurahtam dâira sâibêth-mâ Êruvô “Lords of [the] West, they rent [the] Earth with assent from Eru” ✧ SD/247
- Ad. bārun an-adūn {urahhata >>} urahta dāira sāibēth-mā ēruvō ✧ SD/247
- Ad. narîka ’nBâri ’nAdûn yanâkhim “The Eagles of the Lords of the West are at hand” ✧ SD/251; SD/251
- Ad. thâni’nAmân “Land of Aman” ✧ SD/435
- Ad. Zen’nabâr “Land of Gift”
Variations
- -an ✧ SD/435
-mâ
preposition. with
Element in
- Ad. Bârim an-Adûn yurahtam dâira sâibêth-mâ Êruvô “Lords of [the] West, they rent [the] Earth with assent from Eru” ✧ SD/247
- Ad. bārun an-adūn {urahhata >>} urahta dāira sāibēth-mā ēruvō ✧ SD/247
Variations
- -mā ✧ SD/247
- mā ✧ SD/429
A prefix translated as “of” (SD/247) and one of the ways that genitive relationships are expressed in Adûnaic (SD/429). According to Tolkien, “it is not a preposition ... it is the equivalent of an inflexion or suffix” (SD/435). As such, it is used to form adjectives from nouns, as anadûni “western, ✱of the West” from adûni “the West”. When following another noun, it is often elided so that the a is lost, as in Ârû ’nAdûnâi “King of the Númenóreans” (SD/429) and Bâr ’nAnadûnê “Lord of Númenor” (SD/428). This elision occurs in most examples, but seems not to happen in some cases:
When the an- is separated from the modified noun: balîk hazad an-Nimruzîr “ships seven of-Nimruzîr” (SD/247).
When the modified nouns is declined into the subjective case: Bârim an-Adûn “Lords of the West” (SD/247).
However, when the subjective noun ends in a vowel, elision still occurs: narîka ’nBâri ’nAdûn “Eagles of the Lords of the West” (SD/251).
Tolkien used a dash to separate an- from the noun to which it is prefixed but omitted the dash when the prefix was elided. Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne suggested (AAD/10) that Ad. an- may be related to the Sindarin genitive marker S. na(n) “with, by”