Noldorin 

orthor-

verb. to master, conquer

orthor-

verb. to master, conquer

Noldorin [Ety/395] Group: SINDICT. Published by

balan

noun. Vala, divine power, divinity

Noldorin [Ety/350, S/439, Letters/427, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

heron

noun. master

Noldorin [VT/45:22] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hîr

noun. master, lord

Noldorin [Ety/364, S/432, SD/129-31, Letters/382, LB/354, ] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tortha-

verb. to wield, control

Noldorin [Ety/395] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Quenya 

tur-

verb. to master, conquer, dominate, win, to master, conquer, dominate, win; [ᴹQ.] to control, govern, *rule; to wield; [ᴱQ.] can, to be able

Quenya [PE17/115; PE17/124] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ortur-

verb. to overpower, conquer, prevail

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

tur-

verb. wield, control, govern

tur- vb. "wield, control, govern" (1st pers. aorist turin "I wield" etc.), pa.t. turnë (TUR). The verb is elsewhere defined "master, conquer, win" (PE17:115), virtually the same meanings are elsewhere assigned to turu- #1, q.v.

Vala

power, god, angelic power

Vala (1) noun "Power, God, angelic power", pl. Valar or Vali (BAL, Appendix E, LT2:348), described as "angelic governors" or "angelic guardians" (Letters:354, 407). The Valar are a group of immensely powerful spirits guarding the world on behalf of its Creator; they are sometimes called Gods (as when Valacirca, q.v., is translated "Sickle of the Gods"), but this is strictly wrong according to Christian terminology: the Valar were created beings. The noun vala is also the name of tengwa #22 (Appendix E). Genitive plural Valion "of the Valar" (FS, MR:18); this form shows the pl. Vali, (irregular) alternative to Valar (the straightforward gen. pl. Valaron is also attested, PE17:175). Pl. allative valannar *"to/on the Valar" (LR:47, 56; SD:246). Feminine form Valië (Silm), in Tolkiens earlier material also Valdë; his early writings also list Valon or Valmo (q.v.) as specifically masc. forms. The gender-specific forms are not obligatory; thus in PE17:22 Varda is called a Vala (not a Valië), likewise Yavanna in PE17:93. Vala is properly or originally a verb "has power" (sc. over the matter of , the universe), also used as a noun "a Power" _(WJ:403). The verb vala- "rule, order", exclusively used with reference to the Valar, is only attested in the sentences á vala Manwë! "may Manwë order it!" and Valar valuvar "the will of the Valar will be done" (WJ:404). However, Tolkien did not originally intend the word Valar to signify "powers"; in his early conception it apparently meant "the happy ones", cf. valto, vald- (LT2:348)_. For various compounds including the word Vala(r), see below.

cunta

rule

cunta, also cunya, vb. (or less likely noun) "rule" (PE17:117)

sanyë

rule, law

sanyë (þ) noun "rule, law" (STAN)

turu-

verb. master, defeat, have victory over

turu- (1) vb. "master, defeat, have victory over" (PE17:113, not clearly said to be Quenya, but the Q name Turucundo "Victory-prince" is listed immediately afterwards). Compare tur-; cf. also *turúna.

vard-

verb. rule, govern

vard- vb. "rule, govern" (LT1:273; hardly valid in Tolkien's later Quenya)

Sindarin 

orthor

conquer

orthor- (i orthor, in ertherir) for archaic in örtherir) (master)

orthor

conquer

(i orthor, in ertherir) for archaic in örtherir) (master)

orthor

master

(vb.) orthor (i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)

orthor

master

(i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)

tûr

noun. master, [N.] mastery, victory, [ᴱN.] power [over others]; [S.] master

Sindarin [SA/amarth] Group: Eldamo. Published by

balan

noun. Vala, divine power, divinity

Sindarin [Ety/350, S/439, Letters/427, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

herdir

noun. master

Sindarin [i-Cherdir SD/129-31] hîr+dîr. Group: SINDICT. Published by

herdir

noun. master

Sindarin [AotM/062; SD/129] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hîr

noun. master, lord

Sindarin [Ety/364, S/432, SD/129-31, Letters/382, LB/354, ] Group: SINDICT. Published by

bâl

divine power

construct bal, pl. bail (divinity). Note: the word can also be used as an adj. "divine".

herdir

master

(noun) 1) herdir (i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or *”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath. 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22)._ Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred. 3) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)_ 4) (also used = ”mastery”) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath

herdir

master

(i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or ✱”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath.

heron

master

(i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred.

hîr

master

(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9) 

maetha

wield

(i** vaetha, i** maethar) (handle, manage, deal with). In Tolkien’s earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”.

matha

wield

  1. matha- (i vatha, i mathar) (stroke, feel, handle), 2) maetha- (i vaetha, i maethar) (handle, manage, deal with). In Tolkiens earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”. 3) tortha- (i dortha, i thorthar) (control)

matha

wield

(i** vatha, i** mathar) (stroke, feel, handle)

tortha

wield

(i** dortha, i** thorthar) (control)

tûr

master

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

master, mastery

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

power

tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, mastery, control; master, victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath.

tûr

power

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, mastery, control; master, victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath.

Adûnaic

phazag- Reconstructed

verb. ?to rule, conquer

A hypothetical verbal element in the noun kathuphazgân “conqueror” (SD/429), whose literally meaning might be “✱all-ruler” (kathu-phazg-ân). Andreas Moehn suggested (EotAL/PHAZ) that it may be related to phazân “prince” and have the meaning “to rule”, whereas Thorsten Renk suggested (NBA/27) that it might mean “to conquer”.

Primitive elvish

¤kurwē

noun. power, ability

Primitive elvish [PE 22:151] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Early Primitive Elvish

paẏa

root. requite, punish, take vengeance on, conquer, subdue

A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “requite, punish, take vengeance on, conquer, subdue”, with derivatives like ᴱQ. paime “the vengeance taken, the punishment, the penalty; an infliction” and ᴱQ. paitya- “repay, requite” (QL/72), along with augmented forms like ᴱQ. apaika “conquering” and ᴱQ. apaire “victory, conquest, reduction” (QL/34). G. abair “victory” from the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon was almost certainly related (GL/17). The root ᴹ√SPAY “despise, contemn” from The Etymologies of the 1930s might also be related (Ety/SPAY).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think this root might be salvaged as ᴺ√PAY “punish, take vengeance on, requite” to serve as the basis for Neo-Quenya words for vengeance and punishment.

Early Primitive Elvish [QL/034; QL/072] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

apaitya-

verb. to conquer

Early Quenya [QL/034] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

ortur-

verb. master, conquer

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TUR; EtyAC/TUR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

turu-

verb. to master

The verb G. tur- “can, have power to” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, with two past forms tauri and (more common) turthi (GL/69, 72). It was clearly based on the early root ᴱ√TURU “am strong” (QL/95) as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi). In notes on names from the 1920s, ᴱN. turu- was gloss “to master” as the basis for the name ᴱN. Turum(b)arth “Lord or Conquerer of Fate” (PE15/61).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would use N. orthor- for “to master” and ᴺS. pol- for “to be (physically) able”; see those entries for discussion.

Early Noldorin [PE15/61] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tûr

noun. power

Early Noldorin [PE13/154] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

khēro

noun. master

@@@ hard to explain unless it developed from kʰērŭ instead of kʰĕrū

Old Noldorin [Ety/KHER; EtyAC/KHER; PE22/029] Group: Eldamo. Published by