born

adjective. hot, red

born

adjective. hot, red

born

red

(hot), lenited vorn, pl. byrn

born

hot

(red), lenited vorn, pl. byrn.

born Speculative

adjective. [stead]fast

onnen

adjective. born

An adjective meaning “born” in the name for Men: Abonnen “After-born” (WJ/387). It appears to be a (reduced?) passive participle of the verb onna- “✱to give birth to”.

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. nuin “born” (GL/61) based on the early root ᴱ√NŌ “become, be born” (QL/66).

onnen

noun. born

abonnen

proper name. After-born

A term for Men as the second-born children of Ilúvatar, after the Elves, also attested in its plural form Eboennin (WJ/387). It seems to be a compound of ab “after” and onnen “born”.

abonnen

noun/adjective. born later, born after

abonnen

noun/adjective. man, one born later than the Elves, a human being (elvish name for men)

abonnen

noun. after born

ab (prefix “after”) + onnen (p.p. of onna- “beget”)

onnen

born

?onnen (pl. ennin for archaic önnin)

onnen

born

(pl. ennin for archaic önnin)

enia-

verb. to be born, be generated, result

abonnen

afterborn

pl. Ebennin (archaic "Eboennin" = Ebönnin, WJ:387), Elvish name of Men as the "Secondborn" of Eru. – If ab can be used as an independent preposition, it is probably followed by soft mutation.****

caran

red

1. caran (lenited garan, pl. cerain). Also carn (lenited garn, pl. cern), 2) coll (scarlet), lenited goll, pl. cyll (VT45:15, 24). Note: homophones mean "hollow" and also "cloak". 3) born (hot), lenited vorn, pl. byrn, 4) (fiery red) naru (analogical pl. nery). The archaic fom narw is also listed (LR:374 s.v. _NAR_1). 5) rhosc (russet, brown), lenited ?throsc or ?rosc (the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhysc. Cf. also

úrui

hot

1. úrui (no distinct pl. form), 2) born (red), lenited vorn, pl. byrn.

ab

preposition. after

ruin

adjective. (fiery) red

urui

noun/adjective. hot

urui

noun/adjective. the month of august

ab-

prefix. after, later

caran

adjective. red

caran

red

_ adj. _red, ruddy. >> Caradhras

caran

adjective. red

gaer

adjective. red, copper-coloured, ruddy

onna-

verb. to beget

ab

after

#ab (only attested as a prefix, as in:)

ab

after

(only attested as a prefix, as in:)

andrann

age

andrann (cycle), pl. endrain. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” anrand.

andrann

age

(cycle), pl. endrain. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” anrand.

brassen

white-hot

(lenited vrassen, pl. bressin)

caran

red

(lenited garan, pl. cerain). Also carn (lenited garn, pl. cern)

coll

red

(scarlet), lenited goll, pl. cyll (VT45:15, 24). Note: homophones mean "hollow" and also "cloak".

crann

ruddy

(lenited grann, pl. crain).

gaer

red, reddish

(copper-coloured, ruddy); lenited ’aear; no distinct pl. form. (This is a suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” goer.) Note: homophones mean "dreadful, awful, fearful; holy" and also "sea".

ingem

suffering from old age

(pl. ingim), literally ”year-sick”

naru

red

(analogical pl. nery). The archaic fom narw is also listed (LR:374 s.v. NAR1).

onna

beget

onna- (i onna, in onnar), also prefixed edonna- (i edonna, in edonnar), passive participle ?edonnen.

onna

beget

(i onna, in onnar), also prefixed edonna- (i edonna, in edonnar), passive participle ?edonnen.

rhosc

red

(russet, brown), lenited ?throsc or ?rosc *(the lenition product of rh is uncertain)*, pl. rhysc. Cf. also

úrui

hot

(no distinct pl. form)

nóna

adjective. born

An adjective meaning “born” in the name for Men: Apanónar “After-born” (WJ/387), also appearing as an element in several other words like Minnónar “First-born” (WJ/403) and onóna “twin-born, (lit.) ✱together-born” (WJ/367).

apanónar

collective name. After-born

A name of Men as the second-born children of Ilúvatar, after the Elves (S/103). It is a compound of apa “after” and nóna “born”, appearing only in the plural.

minnónar

collective name. First-born

A name for the Elves as the first-born children of Ilúvatar, in contrast to Apanónar “After-born” as a name for Men (WJ/403). It is a compound of minya “first” and the plural form of the adjective nóna “born”.

Conceptual Development: The similar but rejected terms ᴹQ. Estanosse “Firstborn” and ᴹQ. Esselda “✱First-elves” appear in The Etymologies (Ety/ESE, EtyAC/ESE).

nosta-

verb. to beget, be begotten, to beget, [ᴱQ.] give birth to; [Q.] to be begotten, *be born [impersonal]; [ᴱQ.] to cause

A verb in Tolkien’s later writings glossed as either “to beget” (PE17/111) or “be begotten” (PE17/170), appearing in The Lord of the Rings as an element in the word nostar “parent” (LotR/981) and derived from the root √NŌ/ONO “beget, be born”. The word ᴱQ. nosta- dates all the way back to the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s where it was glossed “give birth to; cause” under the early root ᴱ√NŌ “become, be born” (QL/66), but then vanished for several decades where it was either replaced by or in competition with Q. onta- “beget” (PE17/170; Ety/ONO).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would use this verb primarily in the sense “beget” = “give birth to”, as opposed to onta- “to beget” = “✱to conceive”. It might be used impersonally to have the sense “to be born”, as in nostane ni loar canquain né “[it] birthed me forty years ago = I was born forty years ago”.

Apanónar

the after-born

Apanónar noun "the After-born", an Elvish name of Mortal Men as the Second-born of Ilúvatar (WJ:387)

Minnónar

first-born

Minnónar pl. noun "First-born", Elves (as contrasted to Apanónar, the After-born, Men). Sg. #Minnóna (WJ:403)

onóna

twin-born

onóna (1) adj. "twin-born"; (2) noun "one of a pair of twins"; pl. ónoni "twins" (WJ:367)

onóna

noun/adjective. twin-born; one of a pair of twins

ennóna

adjective. born again

A neologism for “born again” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), a combination of en- “again” and nóna “born”.

ernóna

adjective. only-born, only-begotten

A neologism for “only-born, only-begotten” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), a combination of er “alone” and nóna “born”.

onya-

verb. to be born, be begotten

A neologism coined by Röandil on 2023-07-30 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) from the root √ONO, with a half-strong past ononye or irregular strong past nónë; compare nóna “born”. I prefer to use attested [ᴱQ.] nó- “be born”.

vinyanóna

adjective. new-born

A neologism for “new-born” coined by Helge Fauskanger for his NQNT (NQNT), a combination of vinya “new” and nóna “born”.

heconna

noun. child born out of wedlock, bastard

A neologism for “child born out of wedlock, bastard” coined by Tamas Ferencz, a combination of the root √HEK “separate” with Q. onna “child, ✱offspring”.

nó-

verb. to be born, become

apa

after

apa (1) prep. "after" (VT44:36), attested as a prefix in apacenyë and Apanónar, q.v. Variant ep- in epessë, q.v.; see epë for futher discussion. (According to VT44:36, apa was glossed "after" and also "before" in one late manuscript, but both meanings were rejected.) See also apa # 2 below. For Neo-Quenya purposes, apa should probably be ascribed the meaning "after", as in our most widely-published sources (compare Apanónar, "the After-born", as a name of Men in the Silmarillion). Variants pa, pá (VT44:36), but like apa these are also ascribed other meanings elsewhere; see separate entry. Apo (VT44:36) may be yet another variant of the word for "after".

aira

red, copper-coloured, ruddy

aira (1) adj. "red, copper-coloured, ruddy" (GAY)

ala

after, beyond

ala (5) prep. "after, beyond" (MC:221, 214; however, LotR-style Quenya has han and pella "beyond" and apa "after")

apo

after

apo prep. ?"after" (see apa #1) (VT44:36)

carne (carni-)

adjective. red

carnë

red

carnë adj. "red", "scarlet, red" (SA:caran, PE17:154, MC:214, KARÁN - spelt with a k in the two latter sources), not to be confused with the past tense of car- "do, make". Stem carni- as in Carnimírië, Carnistir.

cata

after

epe

after

nasar

red

nasar adj. "red" (in Vanyarin Quenya only). Adopted and adapted from Valarin. (WJ:399)

nosta-

verb. beget

nosta- vb., variously glossed "beget" (SD:73) or passive "be begotten" (PE17:170); in earlier "Qenya" the gloss was "give birth" (LT1:272)

onta-

verb. beget, create

onta- (pa.t. ónë or ontanë) vb. "beget, create" (ONO, PE17:170)

saiwa

hot

saiwa adj. "hot" (LT1:248, 255, 265); rather lauca in Tolkien's later Quenya

yárië

noun. age

ónë

beget, create

ónë one pa.t. of onta- vb. "beget, create" (the pa.t. may also be ontanë) (ONO)

onna-

verb. ?to beget, make born

naru

adjective. red, [fiery] red

caran

adjective. red

caran

adjective. red

caron

adjective. red

coll

adjective. (golden) red

edonna-

verb. to beget

goer

adjective. red, copper-coloured, ruddy

naru

adjective. red

narw

adjective. red

nasar

adjective. red

karani

adjective. red