árë noun "day" (PM:127) or "sunlight" (SA:arien). Stem ári- _(PE17:126, where the word is further defined as "warmth, especially of the sun, sunlight"). Also name of tengwa #31; cf. also ar # 2. Originally pronounced ázë; when /z/ merged with /r/, the letter became superfluous and was given the new value ss, hence it was re-named essë (Appendix E)_. Also árë nuquerna *"árë reversed", name of tengwa #32, similar to normal árë but turned upside down (Appendix E). See also ilyázëa, ilyárëa under ilya. In the Etymologies, this word has a short initial vowel: arë pl. ari (AR1)
Quenya
Ae
day
árë
day
ar
day
ar (2) noun "day" (PE17:148), apparently short for árë, occurring in the names of the Valinorean week listed below. Tolkien indicated that ar in these names could also be arë when the following element begins in a consonant (VT45:27). Usually the word for "day" in LotR-style Quenya is rather aurë (or ré), q.v.
ala
day
[ala (7) noun "day", also alan "daytime". The forms allen, alanen listed after these words could be inflected forms of them, genitive "of daytime", constracted (allen = al'nen) and uncontracted. However, Tolkien struck out all of this (VT45:13).]
cé
conjunction. if
Derivations
- √KE/EKE “may (be); have chance, opportunity or permission; it is open” ✧ VT49/19
Element in
- Q. ar cé mo formenna tentanes Amanna “and if northwards, it pointed towards Aman” ✧ VT49/26
- Q. cé mo quetë ulca “*if one speaks evil” ✧ VT49/19
- Q. cenai “if it be that” ✧ VT49/19
- Q. cenasta “if it be so, may be, perhaps” ✧ VT49/19
- Q. cé tulis, ní nauva tanomë “*if he/she comes, I will be there” ✧ VT49/19
- Q. cé tulis, tanomë nauvan “*if he/she comes, I will be there” ✧ VT49/19
- Q. úsië, an cé mo quernë cendelë númenna, ve senya “on the contrary, for if one turned the face westward, as was usual” ✧ VT49/19; VT49/19
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ke > ke [ke] ✧ VT49/19 Variations
- ké ✧ VT49/19; VT49/26
- ke ✧ VT49/19; VT49/19; VTE/42
- kē̆ ✧ VT49/19
mai
if
mai (2) conj. "if" (PE14:59 cf. VT49:20; possibly obsoleted by #1 above; for "if", Tolkien later used qui)
que
conjunction. if
ré
day
ré noun "day" (of the sun), a full 24-hour cycle (Appendix D) composed of aurë (day, daylight) and lómë "night" (VT49:45). Short -rë in compounds like Ringarë (q.v.). Allative rénna (VT49:45).
qui
conjunction. if, when
quí(ta)
conjunction. if
iqui
conjunction. if
iqui
conjunction. if
qui
if
qui conj. "if" (VT49:19)
qui
conjunction. if
Cognates
- ᴺS. pi “if”
Derivations
- √KWI “suppose” ✧ PE22/158; VT49/19
Element in
- Q. carë mára quí tyarë naxa “doing good may cause evil” ✧ PE22/154
- Q. laqui “unless” ✧ PE22/158
- Q. quīlas tūleste san inye tūle “*suppose he came (he did not), then I came” ✧ PE22/140
- ᴺQ. quima “whether”
- Q. quíta céla tuldes, quíta ✧ PE22/158; PE22/158
- Q. quí(ta) la tuldes, nánë márië (nin) “[if he had not come], it was well to me (I was glad)” ✧ PE22/158
- ᴺQ. quitulma “scenario”
- ᴺQ. vequi “as if, as though”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √kwi- > qui [kwi] ✧ VT49/19 Variations
- quī ✧ PE22/140; PE22/158 (quī)
- kwí ✧ PE22/154; VT42/34
- kwíta ✧ PE22/154; VT42/34
- quīta ✧ PE22/158 (quīta)
- quī(ta) ✧ PE22/158 (quī(ta))
- quíta ✧ PE22/158 (quíta)
- kwi ✧ PE22/158
- iqui ✧ PE22/158
it(ë) Speculative
adverb. if
Element in
- Q. [[q|[?it/itē] kestallen, tuluvanye]] “if you ask me, I shall come” ✧ PE22/138
- Q. [[q|aite[?] kestallen]] “now, suppose, you ask me” ✧ PE22/138
- Q. [[q|aite[?] kestuvallen, tuluvanye]] “now supposing you asked me, a thing unlikely {or ridiculous} to suppose...” ✧ PE22/138
Variations
- it ✧ PE22/138 (it)
- itē ✧ PE22/138
- [i]te ✧ PE22/138 ([i]te)
Ae (Quenya?) noun "day" (LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK - ae was written over ar [# 2] in the names of the Valinorean week, but ar was not struck out.)