Quenya 

turu-

master, defeat, have victory over

turu- (1) vb. "master, defeat, have victory over" (PE17:113, not clearly said to be Quenya, but the Q name Turucundo "Victory-prince" is listed immediately afterwards). Compare tur-; cf. also *turúna.

töa

noun. wood (as material)

A word for “wood” mentioned in passing in notes on the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 (VT39/6), also appearing in a list of “large & small” roots from around 1968 with the gloss “wood as material” and derived from the root √TAW “wood” (PE17/115).

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien instead had ᴹQ. tavar “wood (material)” derived from primitive ᴹ✶tawar of the same meaning, from the extended root ᴹ√TÁWAR “wood, forest” (Ety/TÁWAR). In this earlier conception, the awa became ava rather than reducing to oa because the initial a was stressed. Stress alone was probably not enough to preserve ancient áwa in Tolkien’s later conception of the language’s phonetic development.

Cognates

  • S. taw “wood as material” ✧ PE17/115

Derivations

  • TAW “wood” ✧ PE17/115

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
TAW > töa[tawa] > [toa]✧ PE17/115
Quenya [PE17/115; VT39/06] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

tûr

noun. master, [N.] mastery, victory, [ᴱN.] power [over others]; [S.] master

Derivations

  • TUR “dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power, dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power; [ᴹ√] victory; [ᴱ√] am strong”

Element in

  • S. Turamarth “Master of Doom” ✧ SA/amarth
  • S. Turgon “Ruling Lord, Victory Prince, (lit.) Master Shout”
  • S. Túrin

Variations

  • tur ✧ SA/amarth (tur)
Sindarin [SA/amarth] Group: Eldamo. Published by

herdir

noun. master

Sindarin [i-Cherdir SD/129-31] hîr+dîr. Group: SINDICT. Published by

herdir

noun. master

Changes

  • herdirCherdir “master” ✧ AotM/062

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
hîr“lord, master”
dîr“man, man, [N.] adult male; agental suffix”
Sindarin [AotM/062; SD/129] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hîr

noun. master, lord

Sindarin [Ety/364, S/432, SD/129-31, Letters/382, LB/354, ] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tûr

master

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

master, mastery

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

heron

master

(i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred.

herdir

master

(noun) 1) herdir (i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or *”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath. 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22)._ Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred. 3) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)_ 4) (also used = ”mastery”) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath

herdir

master

(i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or ✱”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath.

hîr

master

(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9) 

orthor

master

(vb.) orthor (i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)

orthor

master

(i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)

Noldorin 

heron

noun. master

Noldorin [VT/45:22] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hîr

noun. master, lord

Noldorin [Ety/364, S/432, SD/129-31, Letters/382, LB/354, ] Group: SINDICT. Published by

orthor-

verb. to master, conquer

Noldorin [Ety/395] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

turo

noun. master, victor, lord

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tūrō “master, victor, lord” ✧ Ety/TUR
    • ᴹ√TUR “power, control, mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR

Element in

  • Q. Quettúri “Word-masters”
  • ᴹQ. Turkil “Great Man, Lordly Man, Númenórean”
  • Q. -tur “master, lord, ruler, master, lord, ruler, [ᴹQ.] victor”
  • ᴹQ. -tur “master, victor, lord” ✧ Ety/TUR

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tūrō > turo[turō] > [turo]✧ Ety/TUR

-tur

suffix. master, victor, lord

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Fantur “Lord of Cloud” ✧ Ety/TUR

Variations

  • tur ✧ Ety/TUR

Old Noldorin 

khēro

noun. master

@@@ hard to explain unless it developed from kʰērŭ instead of kʰĕrū

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. heru “lord, master” ✧ Ety/KHER

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHER “rule, govern, possess” ✧ Ety/KHER

Derivatives

  • N. hîr “master, lord” ✧ Ety/KHER

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KHER > khēro[kʰēru] > [kʰēro] > [kʰēro] > [xēro]✧ Ety/KHER

Variations

  • khéro ✧ EtyAC/KHER
  • hīro ✧ PE22/029
Old Noldorin [Ety/KHER; EtyAC/KHER; PE22/029] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

tūrō

suffix. master, victor, lord

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TUR “power, control, mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. turo “master, victor, lord” ✧ Ety/TUR

Element in

  • N. Fannor “Cloud-lord” ✧ Ety/TĀ; Ety/TUR

Variations

  • turo ✧ Ety/TĀ
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TĀ; Ety/TUR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

turu

noun. wood (as material), (orig.) firewood

A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s appearing as ᴱQ. turu and described as “properly = firewood — but used of wood in general as a material”, a derivative from the root ᴱ√TUŘU [TUÐU] (QL/96). It also appeared in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa with the gloss “wood (material)” (PME/96) and appeared again as turu “wood” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/139). It appeared once more many years later as an element in the name Turuphanto “Wooden-whale” (UT/191), and so may remain viable in Tolkien’s later conception of the language.

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I think it is preferable to use the word Q. töa for “wood (material)”.

Cognates

  • G. duru “wood; pole, beam, log” ✧ LT1A/Turuhalmë

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TUÐU “kindle” ✧ LT1A/Turuhalmë; QL/096

Element in

  • Eq. Turuhalme “Logdrawing” ✧ LT1A/Turuhalmë
  • Q. Turuphanto “Wooden-whale”
  • Eq. turúva “wooden” ✧ LT1A/Turuhalmë; QL/096
  • Eq. turuvoite “rich in timber” ✧ QL/096

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√TUŘU > turu[tuðū] > [tuðu] > [tuzu] > [turu]✧ QL/096

Variations

  • turu- ✧ PE16/139 (turu-)
Early Quenya [LT1A/Turuhalmë; PE16/139; PME/096; QL/095; QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by