Sindarin 

barad

tower

1b n. tower.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:65] < BARAT/BARAD. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

barad

tower

1c n. tower. Q. marto.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:66] < BAR-AT/AD lofty, high. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

minas

noun. tower

Sindarin [Ety/373, S/434, VT/42:24] Group: SINDICT. Published by

emyn beraid

place name. Tower Hills

Hills west of the shire, translated “Tower Hills” (LotR/1097), a combination of the plural of amon “hill” and the plural of barad “tower” (SA/barad), so literally: “✱Hills of Towers”.

Conceptual Development: In drafts of the Lord of the Rings appendices, Tolkien first named these hills Emyn Gwahaedir >> Emyn Hen Dúnadan before settling on Emyn Beraid (PM/186).

Sindarin [LotR/1097; LotRI/Emyn Beraid; LotRI/Tower Hills; LRI/Emyn Beraid; PM/186; PMI/Emyn Beraid; RSI/Emyn Beraid; SA/barad; SI/Emyn Beraid; TII/Emyn Beraid; UTI/Emyn Beraid] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minas anor

place name. Tower of the (Setting) Sun

Original name of Minas Tirith, translated “Tower of the Setting Sun” (LotR/244), a combination of minas “tower” and Anor “Sun” (SA/minas, nár).

Conceptual Development: When it first appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, the name N. Minas Anor was translated more literally as “Tower of the Sun” (TI/119).

Sindarin [LotR/0244; LotRI/Minas Anor; LotRI/Tower of the (Setting) Sun; MRI/Minas Anor; PMI/Minas Anor; S/291; SA/minas; SA/nár; SI/Minas Anor; UTI/Minas Anor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minas ithil

place name. Tower of the (Rising) Moon

Original name of Minas Morgul, translated “Tower of the Rising Moon” (LotR/244), a combination of minas “tower” and Ithil “Moon” (SA/minas, sil).

Conceptual Development: When it first appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, the name N. Minas Ithil was translated more literally as “Tower of the Moon” (TI/119).

Sindarin [LotR/0244; LotRI/Minas Ithil; LotRI/Tower of the (Rising) Moon; PMI/Minas Ithil; S/291; SA/sil; SI/Minas Ithil; UTI/Minas Ithil] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minas morgul

place name. Tower of Sorcery

The name of Minas Ithil after it fell into the hands of Sauron, translated “Tower of Sorcery” (LotR/245). This name is a combination of minas “tower” and morgul “sorcery” (MR/350, PE17/31).

Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, this name first appeared as N. Minas Morgol “Tower of Sorcery” (TI/127), soon revised to N. Minas Morghul (TI/146) and eventually to its final form N/S. Minas Morgul (WR/230).

Sindarin [LotR/0245; LotRI/Minas Morgul; LotRI/Tower of Sorcery; LT2I/Minas Morgul; MR/350; MRI/Minas Morgul; PE17/031; PMI/Minas Morgul; S/297; SA/gûl; SI/Minas Morgul; UTI/Minas Morgul] Group: Eldamo. Published by

annúminas

place name. Tower of the West

The capital of Arnor (LotR/244). Christopher Tolkien translated it as “Tower of the West” (SI/Annúminas), a combination of annûn “west” and minas “tower” (SA/andúnë, minas).

Conceptual Development: When this city first appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, it was named N. Torfirion “Westermanton” (TI/144). In an early version of the Tale of Years the city was called N. Dunhirion (PM/167). Both of these variants were eventually replaced by Annúminas.

Sindarin [LotRI/Annúminas; PMI/Annúminas; SA/andúnë; SA/minas; SDI1/Annúminas; SI/Annúminas; TI/145; TI/304; TII/Annúminas; UTI/Annúminas] Group: Eldamo. Published by

barad eithel

place name. Tower of the Well

A fortress on the river Sirion, translated “Tower of the Well” (S/191). It is a combination of barad “tower” and eithel “spring, (water) source” (SA/barad, eithel).

Sindarin [SA/barad; SA/eithel; SI/Barad Eithel; UTI/Barad Eithel; WJI/Barad Eithel] Group: Eldamo. Published by

brasta-

verb. to tower up, loom

A verb glossed “tower up, loom” in notes from the late 1960s (PMB) based on the root √BARAS which in that document was one of various roots used to “express great height combined with strength, size, majesty” (PE17/22-23). The other derivatives of this root were words for cliffs and precipices.

Sindarin [PE17/023] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minas tirith

place name. Tower of Guard, Tower of Watch

The name of Minas Anor after the resurgence of Mordor, translated “Tower of Guard” (LotR/245) or “Tower of Watch” (PE17/31). The name was also used for a stronghold of the Noldor on Tol Sirion in Beleriand (S/120). This name is a combination of minas “tower” and tirith “watching, guarding” (SA/minas, tir; PE17/31).

Conceptual Development: As a tower of the Noldor, Tolkien first used the name N. Inglormindon, but revised it to N. Minnastirith (LR/146), translated “Watchtower” (LR/264). The form Minnas-tirith also appeared in The Etymologies (Ety/TIR). In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, Tolkien considered a variety of names for the capital of Gondor before settling on N. Minas Tirith (TI/115-6), which he initially translated as “Tower of Guard” (TI/127).

Sindarin [LotR/0245; LotRI/Minas Tirith; LT2I/Minas Tirith; NM/303; PE17/031; PE17/108; PMI/Minas Tirith; PMI/Mundburg; S/297; SA/minas; SA/tir; SD/129; SDI2/Minas Tirith; SI/Minas Tirith; UTI/Minas Tirith] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Barad Eithel

noun. tower of [the] well

barad (“tower”) + eithel (“spring, well”)

Sindarin [Tolkiendil] Group: Tolkiendil Compound Sindarin Names. Published by

Minas Morgu

noun. tower of black magic

minas (“tower, fort”), morn (“dark, black”) + (n-)gûl (“magic, necromancy”) As for the lenition inside the second word, in L:427, Tolkien explains that “…the triconsonantal group (rng) then being reduced to rg”.

Sindarin [Tolkiendil] Group: Tolkiendil Compound Sindarin Names. Published by

Minas Tirith

noun. tower watch

minas (“tower, fort”), tirith (“watch, guard, vigilance”)

Sindarin [Tolkiendil] Group: Tolkiendil Compound Sindarin Names. Published by

Minas Morgul

'Tower of Sorcery'

topon. 'Tower of Sorcery'. >> Minas Tirith

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:31] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

Minas Tirith

place name. 'Tower of Watch'

topon. 'Tower of Watch', the great 'home' of Finrod, a fort built on an island in Sirion and intended to command access into Beleriand from the North. >> Minas Morgul

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:31:104] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

brasta-

verb. tower up

_v. _tower up, loom.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:23] < BARAS. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

barad

noun. tower, great towering building, tower, great towering building, [N.] fort, fortress

Sindarin [LotR/1097; NM/228; PE17/022; PE17/065; PE17/066; PE17/085; RC/274; SA/barad] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minas

noun. tower, fort, city (with a citadel and central watch tower)

Sindarin [SA/minas; VT42/24] Group: Eldamo. Published by

barad

noun. tower, fortress

Sindarin [Ety/351, S/428, LotR/B] Group: SINDICT. Published by

minas

noun. fort, city with a citadel and central watch-tower

Sindarin [Ety/373, S/434, VT/42:24] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mindolluin

place name. Towering Blue-head

The mountain on which Minas Tirith was built (LotR/751), translated “Towering Blue-head” in Tolkien’s “Unfinished Index” of The Lord of the Rings (RC/439). It is a combination of a shortened or root form of minas “tower” with dol(l) “head” and luin “blue” (SA/minas, dol, luin).

Conceptual Development: In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, this name first appeared as N. Tor-dilluin, perhaps beginning with N. taur “high” (as suggested by Roman Rausch, EE/3.6), but it was soon revised to N. Mindolluin (WR/80).

Sindarin [LotRI/Mindolluin; LotRI/Mount Mindolluin; PMI/Mindolluin; RC/439; SA/dol; SA/luin; SA/minas; SI/Mindolluin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

brand

towering; tall and massive

1 _ adj. _towering; tall and massive. >> brann

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:22-3:61] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

brann

towering

_ adj. _towering, tall and massive. >> brand

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:22-3:61] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

brand

adjective. towering; tall and massive, towering, tall and massive, [N.] high; lofty, noble, fine

Sindarin [PE17/022; PE17/023; PE17/061] Group: Eldamo. Published by

brann

adjective. towering, tall and massive, towering, tall and massive, [N.] high; lofty, noble, fine

barad

tower

1) barad (fortress, fort) (i varad), pl. beraid (i meraid). Note: barad is also an adjective "doomed", but this is derived from a stem in mb- and would have different mutations. 2) (tower or city with citadel/central watchtower) minas (i vinas), pl. minais (i minais), coll. pl. minassath

barad

tower

(fortress, fort) (i varad), pl. beraid (i meraid). Note: barad is also an adjective "doomed", but this is derived from a stem in mb- and would have different mutations.

minas

tower

(i vinas), pl. minais (i minais), coll. pl. minassath

mîn

towering

mîn (lenited vîn; no distinct pl. form) (isolated, first). Note: homophones include the noun ”peak” and the numeral ”one”.

mîn

towering

(lenited vîn; no distinct pl. form) (isolated, first). Note: homophones include the noun ”peak” and the numeral ”one”.

Mindolluin

noun. pale, #blue hill

mindon (“isolated hill”) + luin (#Dor. “pale, #blue”)

Sindarin [Tolkiendil] Group: Tolkiendil Compound Sindarin Names. Published by

amon

noun. hill, steep-sided mount

Sindarin [Ety/348, LotR/E, RC/334] Group: SINDICT. Published by

amon

hill

pl1. emyn n. hill, lump, clump, mass, often applied to (esp. isolated) mountains. Q. umbo(n). FAmon Amarth

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:15:33:61:93:121] < _m¥bono_ < MBŎNO. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

amon

hill

1) amon (pl. emyn) (steep-sided mount), 2) dôl (i dhôl, construct dol) (head), pl. dŷl (i nŷl). Note: In the Etymologies, this word was derived from a root with initial nd- (NDOL), which would make the mutations different (i nôl, pl. i ndŷl). However, the later name Fanuidhol "Cloudyhead" apparently indicates that the lenited form of this d was later to be dh (whereas it would be n if the former derivation had been maintained). 3) tund (i dund, o thund, construct tun) (mound), pl. tynd (i thynd), coll. pl. tunnath.

amon

hill

(pl. emyn) (steep-sided mount)

cîl

pass between hills

(i gîl, o chîl) (cleft, gorge), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chîl), coll. pl. cíliath. . A homophone means ”renewal”.

dôl

hill

(i** dhôl, construct **dol) (head), pl. dŷl (i** nŷl). Note: In the Etymologies, this word was derived from a root with initial nd- (NDOL), which would make the mutations different (i** nôl, pl. i** ndŷl). However, the later name Fanuidhol "Cloudyhead" apparently indicates that the lenited form of this d was later to be dh (whereas it would be n** if the former derivation had been maintained).

tund

hill

(i** dund, o thund, construct tun) (mound), pl. tynd (i** thynd), coll. pl. tunnath.

Quenya 

marto

tower

marto (1) noun "tower" (PE17:66)

tarminas

tower

tarminas noun "tower" etc. (Sindarin barad); see taras (PE17:22)

turco

tower

turco ("k") (2) noun "tower". In Lúnaturco, Quenya name of Barad-dûr (Dark Tower). Tolkien changed the word turco from turma (PE17:22).

turma

tower

[turma] (2) noun "tower". Tolkien changed this word to turco (#2), q.v. (PE17:22)

marto

noun. tower

Quenya [NM/228; PE17/066] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Minastan

tower-maker

Minastan masc.name, noun *"Tower-maker" (Appendix A)

Minastir

tower-watcher

Minastir masc. name, noun *"Tower-watcher" (Appendix A)

Mindolluin

blue tower

Mindolluin noun *"Blue Tower" (mindon + luin), name of a mountain. (Christopher Tolkien translates the name as "Towering Blue-head" in the Silmarillion Index, but this seems to be based on the questionable assumption that it includes the Sindarin element dol "head, hill". Unless this translation is given in his father's papers, the name is better explained as a Quenya compound.)

minassë

fort, city, with a citadel and central watch-tower

minassë noun "fort, city, with a citadel and central watch-tower" (VT42:24)

tirion

watch-tower, tower

tirion noun "watch-tower, tower" (TIR); in early "Qenya" the gloss was "a mighty tower, a city on a hill" (LT1:258). Tirion "Great Watchtower", a city of the Elves in the Blessed Realm (SA:tir; in MR:176 the translation is "Watchful City")

mindon

noun. (lofty) tower, (lofty or isolated) tower; [ᴱQ.] turret

Quenya [MC/222; SI/Mindon Eldaliéva; UT/182; VT42/24] Group: Eldamo. Published by

taras

noun. a great towering building (fort/city/castle), tower, great towering building (fort/city/castle), tower; [ᴹQ.] mount, hill

tarminas

noun. great towering building (fort/city/castle), tower

tirion

noun. watch-tower, watch-tower, tower, [ᴱQ.] (great or mighty) tower; city on a hill

varasta-

verb. to tower up, loom

A neologism coined by Parmandil posted on 2023-11-04 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), a verb form of √BARAS “height”, a cognate of S. brasta- of the same meaning.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Minardil

minar[?]-friend

Minardil masc.name noun "minar[?]-friend". Perhaps minar is to be understood as a variant of minas (s being voiced to z by contact with the voiced plosive that follows, and then regularly becoming r); if so, the name means "Tower-friend" (Appendix A)

mindë

noun. turret

Tiristemindon

place name. Minas Tirith

Quenya [PE 22:125] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

Túna

hill, mound

Túna (also Tún) place-name, used of the hill on which Tirion was built (Silm, TUN, KOR), derived from a stem (TUN) apparently meaning simply *"hill, mound".

ambo

hill, rising ground

ambo noun "hill, rising ground" (Markirya, PE17:92), "mount" (PE17:157), allative pl. ambonnar "upon hills" in Markirya (ruxal' ambonnar "upon crumbling hills") According to VT45:5, ambo was added to the Etymologies as a marginal note.

ambona

noun. hill

amun

hill

amun (amund-) noun "hill" (LT2:335; in Tolkien's later Quenya ambo)

arta

fort, fortress

arta (2) noun "fort, fortress" (GARAT under 3AR)

mindë

turret

mindë noun "turret" (VT42:24)

ostirion

fort

ostirion noun "fort" (TI:423)

tundo

hill, mound

tundo noun "hill, mound" (TUN)

umbo

hill, lump, clump, mass

umbo, umbon noun "hill, lump, clump, mass" (PE17:93)

Noldorin 

minnas

noun. tower

Noldorin [Ety/MINI] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tirion

noun. tower

Noldorin [Ety/LUG²] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mindon

noun. tower

Noldorin [Ety/373, Ety/395] Group: SINDICT. Published by

minnas

noun. tower

Noldorin [Ety/373, S/434, VT/42:24] Group: SINDICT. Published by

barad

noun. fort, tower, fortress

Noldorin [Ety/BARAT; EtyAC/BARAT; WR/326; WR/340] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minas anor

place name. Tower of the Sun

Noldorin [TI/119; TI/144; TII/Minas Anor; WRI/Minas Anor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minas ithil

place name. Tower of the Moon

Noldorin [SDI1/Minas Ithil; TI/119; TI/144; TII/Minas Ithil; WRI/Minas Ithil] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minas morgol

place name. Tower of Sorcery

Noldorin [SDI1/Minas Morgul; TI/127; TI/146; TII/Minas Morgol; WR/230; WRI/Minas Morghul] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minas tirith

place name. Tower of Guard

Noldorin [PE22/125; SDI1/Minas Tirith; TI/115; TI/116; TI/127; TII/Minas Tirith; WRI/Minas Tirith] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mindon

noun. tower, isolated hill (especially a hill with a watchtower)

Noldorin [Ety/MINI; Ety/TUN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

barad

noun. tower, fortress

Noldorin [Ety/351, S/428, LotR/B] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mindon

noun. isolated hill, especially a hill with a watch tower

Noldorin [Ety/373, Ety/395] Group: SINDICT. Published by

minnas

noun. fort, city with a citadel and central watch-tower

Noldorin [Ety/373, S/434, VT/42:24] Group: SINDICT. Published by

bered ondrath

place name. *Towers of the Stone Road

Guard towers at the entrance of the causeway into Pelennor appearing only in the Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (WR/340). This name is likely a combination of the plural of barad “tower”, the lenited form of gond “stone” and rath “course, street”, as suggested by Roman Rausch (EE/3.35).

Noldorin [WR/340; WRI/Bered Ondrath] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amon

noun. hill, steep-sided mount

Noldorin [Ety/348, LotR/E, RC/334] Group: SINDICT. Published by

amon

noun. hill

Noldorin [Ety/AM²; TI/313] Group: Eldamo. Published by

eredhithui

place name. Misty Mountains

Earlier name for S. Hithaeglir (TI/124), a combination of the plural of orod “mountain” and hithui “misty”.

Noldorin [TI/124; TII/Eredhithui] Group: Eldamo. Published by

garth

noun. fort, fortress

Noldorin [Ety/360] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mindolluin

place name. Mindolluin

Noldorin [PE22/126; SDI1/Mindolluin; TI/310; TII/Mindolluin; WR/080; WRI/Mindolluin; WRI/Tor-dilluin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tund

noun. hill, mound

Noldorin [Ety/395, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tunn

noun. hill, mound

Noldorin [Ety/395, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Primitive elvish

rat

root. tower up

The extended root √ARAT “good, excellent, noble” appeared in 1957 Quenya Notes (QN) as an extension of √AR “beyond, further than”, and was principally used for the adjectives Q. ar(a)ta, S. arod/raud “noble” and elaborations thereof (PE17/147). In Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959 it was instead given as √RAT “tower up”, serving as the basis for the same set of words (PE17/186). In any case, all these seem to be variants of √RĀ/ARA “noble”; see that entry for details.

Primitive elvish [PE17/182; PE17/186] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ambō

noun. hill

Primitive elvish [PE17/092] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Early Quenya

tirin

place name. Tower

Name of Ingil’s tower in the earliest Lost Tales (LT2/5), it is simply tirin “tower” used as a name (LT1A/Kortirion).

Early Quenya [LT2A/Tirin; LT2I/Tirin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mindon

noun. turret, tower

Early Quenya [LT1A/Minethlos; MC/214; PE13/104; QL/061] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ambo

noun. hill

Early Quenya [PE13/137; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

amun

noun. hill

Early Quenya [LT2A/Amon Gwareth; PME/030; QL/030] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oro

noun. hill

Early Quenya [LT1/085; LT1A/Kalormë; PME/070; QL/070; VT28/30] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oron

noun. hill

Early Quenya [PME/070] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

mindon

noun. tower

Gnomish [GL/57; LT1A/Minethlos; LT2/291; PE13/104] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minthon

noun. tower

est(i)rin

noun. pinnacle, tower

Gnomish [GL/31; GL/47; LT2A/Gwarestrin; PE15/24] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tirin

noun. watch-tower, turret, tower

Gnomish [GL/71; LT1A/Kortirion; LT2A/Gwarestrin; PE13/095] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwarestrin

noun. watch-tower

estirion

noun. pinnacle, tower

gwarestrin

place name. Tower of Guard, Watchtower

Gnomish [LT2/158; LT2A/Gwarestrin; LT2I/Gwarestrin; PE13/102; PE15/27] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tirimbrithla

proper name. Tower of Pearl

Gnomish [GL/71; LT1A/Kortirion; LT1A/Silmarilli] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tirin na gilweth

place name. *Tower of Gilweth

tirion

noun. watch-tower, turret, tower

Early Primitive Elvish

mini

root. *tower

Early Primitive Elvish [LT1A/Minethlos; QL/061] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

barat

root. *tower

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/BARAT] Group: Eldamo. Published by

minitunda

noun. isolated hill, tower

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/MINI; Ety/TUN] Group: Eldamo. Published by

oth

root. fort

Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/OS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

ingwemindon

place name. Tower of Ingwë

Earlier name for the tower of Ingwe in Valinor in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/222), a combination of his name with mindon “tower”.

Qenya [LR/222; LRI/Ingwemindon; MR/090; MR/180; MRI/Ingwemindon] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tirion

noun. watch-tower, tower

tiristemindon

place name. Minas Tirith

A Quenya translation of Minas Tirith in linguistic notes from the 1940s (PE22/125). Its final element is clearly mindon “tower”, so its initial element tiriste most likely means, “watch, guard” as an abstraction of the verb tir- “to watch”.

ostirion

noun. fort

ambo

noun. hill

Early Noldorin

amon

noun. hill

Early Noldorin [PE13/137; PE13/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by