rauta noun "metal" [meaning changed by Tolkien from "copper"]. Notice that in the LotR, the word for metal is given as tinco. (RAUTĀ)
Quenya
tinco
metal
tinco
noun. metal
Derivations
- ᴹ√TINKŌ “metal”
Element in
rauta
metal
Sindarin
raud
noun. metal
raud
noun. metal
Element in
- S. Rodëol “metal of Eöl” ✧ WJ/322
tinc
metal
tinc (i dinc, o thinc), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thinc), coll. pl. tingath. The word rhaud “metal” occurring in the Etymologies would normally be ”updated” to Sindarin in the form raud, but since raud appears with different meanings in later sources (see
tinc
metal
(i** dinc, o thinc), no distinct pl. form except with article (i** thinc), coll. pl. tingath. The word rhaud** “metal” occurring in the Etymologies would normally be ”updated” to Sindarin in the form raud, but since raud** appears with different meanings in later sources (see
tinc
eminent
should at least be preferred for clarity).
tinc
eminent), t
olkien may have abandoned this word (or tinc should at least be preferred for clarity).
galvorn
copper, gold, iron, silver
(i** ’alvorn, pl. gelvyrn [in ngelvyrn*] if there is a pl.), a black metal made by the Dark Elf Eöl. (WJ:322)*
mithril
copper, gold, iron, silver
(i** vithril, no distinct pl. form except with article [i** mithril], coll. pl. ?mithrillath). The description of mithril may seem to fit titanium.
ross
polished metal
(glitter), pl. ryss (idh** ryss**). Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”spray, foam, rain, dew”. For concrete metals, see
Noldorin
tinc
noun. metal
tinc
noun. metal
Cognates
- ᴹQ. tinko “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ
Derivations
- ᴹ√TINKŌ “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ
Element in
- ᴺS. tingen “metallic”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√TINKŌ > tinc [tiŋko] > [tiŋko] > [tiŋkʰo] > [tiŋxo] > [tiŋx] > [tiŋk] ✧ Ety/TINKŌ
rhaud
noun. metal
rhaud
noun. metal
Cognates
- ᴹQ. rauta “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources On. rauta > rhaud [rauta] > [rǭta] > [routa] > [rauta] > [raut] > [r̥aut] > [r̥aud] ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Qenya
tinko
noun. metal
Cognates
- N. tinc “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ
Derivations
- ᴹ√TINKŌ “metal” ✧ Ety/TINKŌ
Element in
- ᴹQ. tinkotéma “t-series”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√TINKŌ > tinko [tiŋkō] > [tiŋko] ✧ Ety/TINKŌ Variations
- tiñko ✧ PE22/050
rauta
noun. metal
Cognates
Derivations
- ᴹ√RAUTA “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Element in
- ᴹQ. Nambarauto “Hammerer of Copper” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√RAUTĀ > rauta [rautā] > [rauta] ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Old Noldorin
rauta
noun. metal
Cognates
- ᴹQ. rauta “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Derivations
- ᴹ√RAUTA “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Derivatives
- N. rhaud “metal” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√RAUTĀ > rauta [rautā] > [rauta] ✧ Ety/RAUTĀ
Middle Primitive Elvish
tinkō
root. metal
The “root” ᴹ√TINKŌ (more likely just a primitive word) appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with the gloss “metal” and derivatives like ᴹQ. tinko/N. tinc of the same meaning (Ety/TINKŌ). The reappearance of Q. tinco “metal” in The Lord of the Rings appendices (LotR/1122) strongly indicates its ongoing validity.
ᴹ√TINKŌ may have replaced the root ᴱ√SINI “pale blue” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. sink “mineral, gem, metal” and G. sinc “metal” (QL/83; GL/67); these early mineral words were originally attributed to ᴱ√SṆT͡YṆ “twinkle” before they were transferred to ᴱ√SINI, leaving only derivatives like ᴱQ. sintl “crystal” and ᴱQ. sinty- “sparkle” under ᴱ√SṆT͡YṆ (QL/85). However, in notes from the late 1960s Tolkien had primitive ✶sinki as an element ✶sinkitamo, the basis for Q. sintamo “smith” (PE17/108). Likewise there is evidence of the earlier root in Q. sinca “flint” as in Q. sincahonda “flint-hearted” (LotR/979), initially given as ᴹQ. tingahondo in Lord of the Rings drafts (SD/68).
Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I would definitely use ✶tink- = “metal”, but I think it is worth keeping ✶sinki = “✱mineral = any inorganic solid including both stone and metal” as a variant.
Derivatives
rauta
root. metal
A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s, first glossed “copper” and then “metal”, with derivatives ᴹQ. rauta/N. rhaud “metal” and serving mainly to explain names like N. Angrod and N. Finrod (Ety/RAUTĀ). It might have reappeared in the name S. Rodëol “metal of Eöl” from later Silmarillion drafts (WJ/322), but by 1957 Tolkien was explaining the final element of S. Finrod as S. raud “noble” (PE17/49, 118), so I think it is likely that ᴹ√RAUTA “metal” was abandoned.
Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I’d use Q. tinco (LotR/1122) and its cognate [N.] tinc (Ety/TINKŌ) for “metal” words. For “copper” I'd use derivatives of √(U)RUS (VT41/10).
Changes
RAUTĀ→ RAUTĀ “copper” ✧ Ety/RAUTĀDerivatives
Element in
- ᴹ✶Phinde-rauto ✧ Ety/PHIN
- N. Damrod “hammerer of copper” ✧ Ety/NDAM
Variations
- RAUTĀ ✧ Ety/NDAM; Ety/PHIN; Ety/RAUTĀ; Ety/RAUTĀ (
RAUTĀ)
Gnomish
tinc
noun. a flicker, a gleam
Derivations
- ᴱ√TINI “twinkle” ✧ GL/70
sinc
noun. metal
A noun from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s appearing as G. sinc “metal” (GL/67), clearly the cognate of ᴱQ. sink “mineral, gem, metal” from the root ᴱ√SINI (QL/83).
Neo-Sindarin: I would retain this word for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, but would revise its sense to ᴺS. sinc “mineral”, derived from the primitive form ✶sinki (PE17/108) which may itself mean “✱mineral”; see that entry for discussion. I would use N. tinc for “metal”.
Cognates
- Eq. sink “mineral, gem, metal”
Derivations
- ᴱ√SINI “pale blue‽”
Element in
- G. sincli “crystal” ✧ GL/67
tinco noun "metal" (TINKŌ), also name of tengwa #1 (Appendix E, there spelt "tinco", but "tinko" in Etym); tincotéma noun "t-series", dental series, first column of the Tengwar system (Appendix E)