sorna

steadfast

sorna (þ) adj. "steadfast" (PE17:113)

sorna

adjective. steadfast

Cognates

• S. thorn “steadfast” ✧ PE17/113

Derivations

• √STOR “steadfast” ✧ PE17/113

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√THOR > thorna > sorna	[tʰorna] > [θorna] > [sorna]	✧ PE17/113

voronwë

masculine name. Steadfast, Faithful

An Elf of Gondolin who guided Tuor to that secret realm (S/239). This name was also the sobriquet of Mardil, the first ruling steward of Gondor, where it was translated “The Steadfast” (LotR/1039). This name could simply be the noun voronwë “steadfastness” used as a name (PE17/189), but it is likelier that its final element is the suffix -wë common in ancient names (PM/340), in which case its initial element is probably some form of the root ᴹ√BOR(ON) “endure” (Ety/BORÓN).

Conceptual Development: The name ᴱQ. Voronwe dates back to the earliest Lost Tales, where it was translated “Faithful” (LT2/156) and derived from the root ᴱ√VORO (QL/102). The name ᴹQ. Voronwe appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s as a combination of the roots ᴹ√BOR(ON) “endure” and ᴹ√WEG (Ety/BORÓN). In the unfinished “Notion Club Papers” story from the 1940s, it was used as the name of a companion of Elendil, where it was translated “Steadfast, Faithful” (SD/290).

Cognates

• S. Bronwe “*Endurance” ✧ PE17/189; PE17/189; WJI/Bronwë; WJI/Voronwë

Elements

Word	Gloss
BOR(ON)	“endure”
-wë	“ancient name suffix (usually but not always masculine)”

Variations

• Voronwe ✧ PE17/189 (Voronwe); PE17/189; PE17/189

sanda

firm, true, abiding

sanda (þ) (1) adj. "firm, true, abiding" (STAN)

sarta

steadfast, trusty, loyal

sarta adj. "steadfast, trusty, loyal" (PE17:183)

sarta

adjective. steadfast, trusty, loyal

Cognates

• S. sador “steadfast, trusty, loyal” ✧ PE17/183

Derivations

• ✶satrā “steadfast, trusty, loyal” ✧ PE17/183
  • √SAT(AR) “faithful, trust, loyal, rely, steadfast” ✧ PE17/183

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶satrā > sarta	[satrā] > [sartā] > [sarta]	✧ PE17/183

tanca

firm, fixed, sure

tanca ("k")adj. "firm, fixed, sure" (TAK)

tulca

firm, strong, immovable, steadfast

tulca (1) ("k") adj. "firm, strong, immovable, steadfast" (TULUK)

vórima

adjective. faithful, faithful, *(lit.) able to endure; [ᴹQ.] continuous, enduring, repeated; [ᴱQ.] everlasting

Elements

Word	Gloss
-ima	“-able, possibility, -able, [ᴹQ.] -ible, able to be done, [ᴱQ.] possible”

voronwa

enduring, long-lasting

voronwa adj. "enduring, long-lasting" (BOR)

ia

ever

[ia adv. "ever" (GEY, EY); replaced by oia.]

oi

ever

oi adv. "ever" (OY)

vor

ever

vor, voro adv. "ever" (BOR, LT1:250, 273 [only voro_ in the Etymologies]; also in Narqelion)_

voro

ever, continually

voro, voro- adv. "ever, continually" (BOR, Narqelion) Compare vor. (Focusing on the gloss "continually", post-Tolkien writers have sometimes used voro for "still, yet", but for this sense the term en is available.) The variants vora, vorë were used for "always" in drafts for a Quenya version of the Sub Tuum Praesidium, but Tolkien eventually replaced such forms with the unrelated word illumë (VT44:9). Compare vórë, vórëa.

úlumë

ever

úlumë adv. "ever", at all times (in a series or period) (PE17:156). Cf. ullumë.

thorn

adjective. steadfast

adj. steadfast. Q. thorna, sorna. >> Arathorn

thorn

adjective. steadfast

Cognates

• Q. sorna “steadfast” ✧ PE17/113

Derivations

• √STOR “steadfast” ✧ PE17/113; PE17/113

Element in

• S. Arathorn “Steadfast King” ✧ PE17/113; PE17/113
• ᴺS. thornang “steel”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√THOR > thorn	[tʰorna] > [θorna] > [θorn]	✧ PE17/113
√STOR > thorn	[storna] > [sθorna] > [θorna] > [θorn]	✧ PE17/113

Variations

• thorn ✧ PE17/113; PE17/113

thalion

masculine name. Steadfast, Strong

A sobriquet of Húrin, translated “Steadfast” (S/199, 209). This name is simply the adjective thalion “strong, dauntless” used as a name (SA/thalion).

Conceptual Development: The sobriquet ᴱN. Thalion first appeared in the Lays of Beleriand from the 1920s (LB/6, 37) and the name N. Thalion was translated “hero, dauntless man” in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/STÁLAG). In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, the name was also briefly used for a soldier of Minas Tirith, precursor to Beregond (WR/285).

Elements

Word	Gloss
thalion	“strong, dauntless, strong, dauntless; [N.] hero, dauntless man; [ᴱN.] warrior”

sador

adjective. steadfast, trusty, loyal

Cognates

• Q. sarta “steadfast, trusty, loyal” ✧ PE17/183

Derivations

• ✶satrā “steadfast, trusty, loyal” ✧ PE17/183
  • √SAT(AR) “faithful, trust, loyal, rely, steadfast” ✧ PE17/183

Element in

• S. Sador

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶satrā > sador	[satrā] > [satra] > [satr] > [sadr] > [sador]	✧ PE17/183

sador

noun. faithful one

Sador was Túrin's faithful servant. The meaning of this noun is deduced from sadron , assuming that these words are in the same kind of relation as hador and hadron

sadron

noun. faithful one

taug

adjective. firm

adj. firm, strong, ?withstand. Q. tauka stiff, wooden.

him

adverb/adjective. ever, ever, [N.] enduring, continually; steadfast, abiding

Element in

• S. Himring “Ever-cold” ✧ S/123

Variations

• him ✧ S/123 (him)

ui

adverb. ever

Cognates

• Q. oi(o) “ever, everlastingly; an endless period, ever, everlastingly; an endless period, *aeon”

Derivations

• ✶oio “ever” ✧ Let/278
  • √OY “ever, continual, unceasing”

Element in

• S. Fanuilos “Bright (Angelic) Figure upon Uilos” ✧ Let/278
• S. Uilos “Ever-snow”
• S. uilos “white flower like a star”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶oio > ui	[oio] > [uio] > [ui]	✧ Let/278

ui-

prefix. ever

born Speculative

adjective. [stead]fast

Derivations

• ᴹ√BOR(ON) “endure”

Element in

• S. Baravorn “Hamfast”

him

steadfast

1) him (abiding), lenited chim, no distinct pl. form. Note that homophones include both the adjective ”cool” and the adverb ”continually”.

him

steadfast

(abiding), lenited chim, no distinct pl. form. Note that homophones include both the adjective ”cool” and the adverb ”continually”.

thalion

steadfast

thalion (dauntless, strong), pl. thelyn. Also used as a noun ”hero, dauntless man”.

thalion

steadfast

(dauntless, strong), pl. thelyn. Also used as a noun ”hero, dauntless man”.

tangada

make firm

(confirm, establish) (i dangada, i thangadar)

thala

firm

1) thala (steady, stalwart), pl. ?theili, 2) thand (true, abiding), pl. thaind (VT46:16; notice that the forms “thenid” and “thenin” in LR:388 s.v. STAN represent misreadings of Tolkiens manuscript).

thala

firm

(steady, stalwart), pl. ?theili

thand

firm

(true, abiding), pl. thaind (VT46:16; notice that the forms “thenid” and “thenin” in LR:388 s.v. STAN represent misreadings of Tolkien’s manuscript).

tanc

firm

(adj.) tanc (lenited danc; pl. tainc)

tanc

firm

(lenited danc; pl. tainc)

nuitha

not allow to continue

(i nuitha, in nuithar) (prevent from coming to completion; stop short; stunt) (WJ:413)

bronadui

enduring

bronadui (lasting). Lenited vronadui. No distinct pl. form.

bronadui

enduring

(lasting). Lenited vronadui. No distinct pl. form.

him

continually

(adverb) him, lenited chim. Not that homophones include the adjectives ”cool” and also ”steadfast, abiding”.

him

continually

lenited chim. Not that homophones include the adjectives ”cool” and also ”steadfast, abiding”.

ui

ever

ui (always); also used as adj. ”everlasting, eternal”. Also as prefix, as in *uidafnen ”ever-closed) (WJ:341, where the spelling ”uidavnen” is used), pl. uidefnin

ui

ever

(always); also used as adj. ”everlasting, eternal”. Also as prefix, as in ✱uidafnen ”ever-closed) (WJ:341, where the spelling ”uidavnen” is used), pl. uidefnin

abrazân

masculine name. *Steadfast, Faithful

The Adûnaic name that Lowdham used to address Jeremy in Tolkien’s unfinished story: “The Notion Club Papers” (SD/252). In an earlier version of the story, Jeremy was called ᴹQ. Voronwe (SD/290) and Abrazân may be the Adûnaic equivalent of that name, meaning “Steadfast, Faithful”. If so, its first element is probably related to Ad. abâr “strength, endurance, fidelity”. Andreas Moehn suggested (EotAL/BAR) that the entire name may be the agental-formation of an unattested verb ✱abrazâ- “to stand fast”.

Cognates

• ᴹQ. Voronwe “Steadfast, Faithful” ✧ SD/290

Elements

Word	Gloss
-ân	“agental suffix”

Variations

• Abrazān ✧ SD/252; SD/290

stor

root. steadfast

A root appearing Notes on Names (NN) from 1957 serving as an explanation for the element S. thorn “steadfast” in the name S. Arathorn, first appearing in a rejected page with variants √STOR and √THOR (PE17/113-114) and then later as only √THOR (PE17/113). This root may be connected to Q. torna “hard” in notes on Quenya intensive forms written between the first and second edition of The Lord of the Rings, where it was an element in Q. tornanga “hard iron”, with intensive forms aristorna, anastorna that imply derivation from √STOR (PE17/56).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I would assume this root is √STOR to avoid conflict with ᴹ√THOR(ON), the basis for “eagle” words.

Derivatives

• Q. sorna “steadfast” ✧ PE17/113
• Q. torna “hard”
• S. thorn “steadfast” ✧ PE17/113; PE17/113

Element in

• Q. Hyarastorni “?South Fastness”

Variations

• THOR ✧ PE17/113; PE17/113; PE17/186; PE17/187

thor

root. steadfast

satrā

adjective. steadfast, trusty, loyal

Derivations

• √SAT(AR) “faithful, trust, loyal, rely, steadfast” ✧ PE17/183

Derivatives

• Q. sarta “steadfast, trusty, loyal” ✧ PE17/183
• S. sador “steadfast, trusty, loyal” ✧ PE17/183

sat(ar)

root. faithful, trust, loyal, rely, steadfast

Derivatives

• ✶as’tāră “faith, loyalty” ✧ PE17/183
  • Q. astar “faith, loyalty” ✧ PE17/183
  • S. astor “loyalty” ✧ PE17/183
• ✶satarŏ “trusty follower, loyal companion” ✧ PE17/183
  • Q. satar “trusty follower, loyal companion” ✧ PE17/183; PE17/183
  • S. sadron “trusty follower, loyal companion” ✧ PE17/183; PE17/183
• ✶satrā “steadfast, trusty, loyal” ✧ PE17/183
  • Q. sarta “steadfast, trusty, loyal” ✧ PE17/183
  • S. sador “steadfast, trusty, loyal” ✧ PE17/183
• ᴺQ. satarya- “to trust, rely on (a person)”

Variations

• SAT ✧ PE17/145; PE17/183
• SATAR ✧ PE17/145; PE17/183

oio

adverb. ever

Derivations

• √OY “ever, continual, unceasing”

Derivatives

• S. ui “ever” ✧ Let/278

him

adjective. steadfast, abiding

tangada-

verb. to make firm, confirm, establish

thand

adjective. firm, true, abiding

Misreading thenid, thenin rectified according to VT/46:16

bronadui

adjective. enduring, lasting

bôr

noun/adjective. steadfast; trusty man, faithful vassal

Derivations

• On. boron “steadfast; trusty man, faithful vassal” ✧ Ety/BOR; Ety/BOR
  • ᴹ✶boron- ✧ Ety/BOR
  • ᴹ√BOR(ON) “endure” ✧ Ety/BOR

Element in

• S. Bór “*Faithful”
• N. Bór “Faithful” ✧ Ety/BOR
• S. Borlach “?Steadfast-flame”
• S. Borlad
• N. Borlas ✧ Ety/BOR
• S. Boromir “?Steadfast-jewel”
• S. Borthand “*Steadfast-intelligence”
• N. Borthandos “*Steadfast-intelligence”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. boron > bór	[boron] > [boro] > [bor] > [bōr]	✧ Ety/BOR

Variations

• bór ✧ Ety/BOR

tanc

adjective. firm, firm; [ᴱN.] steady, steadfast; [G.] settled

Cognates

• ᴹQ. tanka “firm, fixed, sure, firm, fixed, sure, [ᴱQ.] fast; steady, (stead)fast” ✧ Ety/TAK

Derivations

• ᴹ√TAK “fix, make fast, make” ✧ Ety/TAK

Element in

• N. Marthanc “Hamfast”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√TAK > tanc	[taŋka] > [taŋkʰa] > [taŋxa] > [taŋx] > [taŋk]	✧ Ety/TAK

bór

masculine name. Faithful

Changes

• Bor → Bór ✧ LR/147
• Bor → Bór ✧ LR/291
• Bor → Bór “Faithful” ✧ LRI/Bor

Variations

• Bor ✧ LR/147; LR/291; LRI/Bor; RSI/Bor; SMI/Bor

him

adverb/adjective. enduring, continually; steadfast, abiding

Cognates

• ᴹQ. himba “adhering, sticking” ✧ Ety/KHIM

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHIM “adhere, stick, cleave [to]” ✧ Ety/KHIM

Element in

• N. Himring “Ever-cold”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√KHIM > him	[kʰimbe] > [ximbe] > [ximb] > [himb] > [himb] > [himm] > [him]	✧ Ety/KHIM

tanc

adjective. firm

thann

adjective. firm, true, abiding

Misreading thenid, thenin rectified according to VT/46:16

him

adjective. continually

ui

adverb. ever

Derivations

• ᴹ√GEY “ever, everlasting” ✧ Ety/EY; Ety/GEY
• On. uigo “everlasting” ✧ Ety/OY
  • ᴹ√OY “ever, eternal” ✧ Ety/OY

Element in

• N. Fenn Uiforn “Ever Closed [Door]” ✧ WR/341
• N. Mindor Uilas “*Isolated Mountain of Ever-leaf”
• N. Uiar “Ulmo”
• N. Uilos “Everlasting Snow” ✧ Ety/EY (Uiloss); Ety/OY
• N. Guilos “ever-snow” ✧ Ety/GEY (Guilos)

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√EY > Ui-	[eigo] > [oigo] > [uigo] > [uiɣo] > [uiɣ] > [ui]	✧ Ety/EY
ᴹ√GEY > Gui-	[geigo] > [goigo] > [guigo] > [guiɣo] > [guiɣ] > [gui]	✧ Ety/GEY
On. Uigo > Ui-	[uigo] > [uiɣo] > [uiɣ] > [ui]	✧ Ety/OY

Variations

• Ui- ✧ Ety/EY (Ui-); Ety/OY
• Gui- ✧ Ety/GEY (Gui-)
• ui ✧ WR/341