Quenya 

ossë

terror

ossë noun "terror" (GOS/GOTH). In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, ossë was also the name of a Tengwa similar in shape to Roman c, which in a full-vowel mode apparently had the value o. (VT45:15; in the Sindarin "Mode of Beleriand", exemplified in the LotR itself, this letter has the value a instead. Elsewhere in the Etymologies itself, this symbol is called Elwë (q.v.) and is assigned the value e.)

ossë

terror

Ossë noun name of a Maia, adopted and adapted from Valarin (WJ:400), though connected with the common noun ossë "terror" in Etym (GOS/GOTH)

ossë

masculine name. Ossë

One of the greatest of the Maia, master of the seas that wash the shores of Middle-earth (S/30). His Quenya name is derived from his name in Valarin: Val. Oš(o)šai “spuming, foaming” (WJ/400).

Conceptual Development: This name dates back to the earliest Lost Tales, when ᴱQ. Osse was derived from the root ᴱ√’O’O along with other words related to the sea (LT1A/Ossë, QL/70). In The Etymologies, the name ᴹQ. Osse was derived from the primitive root ᴹ√GOS “dread” (Ety/GOS), perhaps referring to the awe-inspiring nature of the sea. The later derivation of Q. ëar “sea” < √GAY(AR) “awe, dread” was similar (PM/363, WJ/400).

In a list of roots written around 1959-60, Tolkien derived Ossë from an otherwised unattested root OS “making a hissing foaming noise” (PE17/138). His Valarin name did not appear until the Quendi and Eldar essay from this same period (WJ/400).

Cognates

  • S. Gaerys “Ossë” ✧ WJI/Gaerys; WJ/400
  • S. Yssion “Ossë” ✧ WJI/Yssion; WJ/400
  • S. Yssi “Ossë” ✧ WJ/400

Derivations

  • OS “making a hissing foaming noise” ✧ PE17/138
  • Ossai “Ossë” ✧ WJ/400

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
Ossai > Osse[ossai] > [osse]✧ WJ/400

Variations

  • Osse ✧ PE17/138; WJ/400
Quenya [MRI/Ossë; PE17/138; PMI/Ossë; SI/Ossë; UTI/Ossë; WJ/400; WJI/Gaerys; WJI/Ossë; WJI/Yssion] Group: Eldamo. Published by

osto

noun. city

Quenya [PE 22:124] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

Elenwë

star-person

Elenwë fem. name *"Star-person" (Silm)

Elwë

star-person

Elwë masc. name, *"Star-person" (PM:340, WJ:369, WEG, VT45:12). In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, Elwë was also the name of a Tengwa similar in form to Roman c, which in a full-vowel mode denoted a (short) e. (VT45:17; in the Sindarin "Mode of Beleriand", exemplified in the LotR itself, this letter has the value a instead. Elsewhere in the Etymologies itself, this symbol is called Ossë [q.v.] and is assigned the value o.)

ossë

Ossë

At least two explanations exist for the name Ossë. In The Etymologies, it is understood as the Qenya word osse ("terror"), deriving from the root GOS ("dread"). A later note pertaining to the name instead suggests it is a name of non-Elvish origin, deriving from Valarin Oš(o)šai ("spuming, foaming"). The same later note mentions that Ossë's Sindarin names were Yssion and Gaerys. In Eriol's Old English translations, Osse is referred to as Saefrea "Sea-ruler". However, this reflects his status as a Vala (Fréa) in the earlier Legendarium.

Quenya [Tolkien Gateway] Published by

Sindarin 

gaerys

masculine name. Ossë

A Sindarin name for Ossë, a combination of gaer “dreadful” and a reduction of his ancient Sindarin name †Yssi (WJ/400). Tolkien stated that this name “was more often used by the inland Teleri”, who viewed this Maia with more awe and fear. Otherwise he was known as Yssion.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s, the Gnomish name of Ossë is G. Oth(a) (GL/18), perhaps derived from G. ô “sea” (GL/61). In The Etymologies from the 1930s, his Noldorin name is N. Aeros >> Oeros (Ety/GOS, EtyAC/GOS), perhaps a combination of N. oer “sea” and the root ᴹ√GOS “dread”.

Cognates

  • Q. Ossë ✧ WJI/Gaerys; WJ/400

Elements

WordGloss
gaer“awful, fearful, awful, fearful, [N.] dreadful”
Yssi“Ossë”
Sindarin [SA/gaer; WJ/400; WJI/Gaerys] Group: Eldamo. Published by

yssi

masculine name. Ossë

Archaic Sindarin name of Q. Ossë, derived from the primitive name ✶Ossai (WJ/400). It was generally replaced by the more elaborate forms Gaerys or Yssion.

Cognates

Derivations

  • Ossai “Ossë” ✧ WJ/400

Element in

  • S. Gaerys “Ossë” ✧ WJ/400
  • S. Yssion “Ossë” ✧ WJ/400

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
Ossai > ossī > ussi > yssı̯[ossai] > [ossī] > [ossi] > [ussi] > [yssi] > [yss]✧ WJ/400

Variations

  • yssı̯ ✧ WJ/400

yssion

masculine name. Ossë

A Sindarin name of Q. Ossë, a combination of his archaic name †Yssi with the masculine suffix -on (WJ/400).

Cognates

  • Q. Ossë ✧ WJI/Yssion; WJ/400
Sindarin [WJ/400; WJI/Yssion] Group: Eldamo. Published by

goe

noun. terror, great fear

Sindarin [PM/363] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ost

noun. city, town with wall round

Sindarin [Ety/379, S/435, WJ/414, RC/232] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ost

noun. citadel, fortress or stronghold, made or strenghtened by art

Sindarin [Ety/379, S/435, WJ/414, RC/232] Group: SINDICT. Published by

groga-

verb. to feel terror

Sindarin [WJ/415] Group: SINDICT. Published by

yssion

ossë

Gaerys (na ’Aerys), ✱Aeros (suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” Oeros, LR:359 s.v. GOS, GOTH)

goe

terror

1) goe (i **oe) (great fear), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe = i ñoe), 2) gorgoroth (i ngorgoroth = i ñorgoroth, o n**gorgoroth) (deadly fear), pl. gergeryth (in gergeryth = i ñgergeryth). Archaic pl. *görgöryth. 3) gost (i ngost = i ñost, o n**gost) (dread), pl. gyst (in gyst** = i ñgyst).

goe

terror

(i ’oe) (great fear), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe = i ñoe)

ost

city

ost (pl. yst) (city/town with wall around).

ost

city

(pl. yst) (city/town with wall around).

gost

terror

(i ngost = i ñost, o n’gost) (dread), pl. gyst (in gyst = i ñgyst).

groga

feel terror

(i ’roga, in grogar) (WJ:415)

gorgoroth

terror

(i ngorgoroth = i ñorgoroth, o n’gorgoroth) (deadly fear), pl. gergeryth (in gergeryth = i ñgergeryth). Archaic pl. ✱görgöryth.

othronn

underground city or stronghold

(pl. ethrynn for archaic öthrynn) (fortress in a cave or caves). Cited in archaic form othrond in the sources (WJ:414, VT46:12)

Adûnaic

kadar

noun. city

A noun appearing only as an element in kadar-lâi “city folk” (SD/435).

Element in

Primitive elvish

ossai

masculine name. Ossë

Derivations

Derivatives

  • Q. Ossë ✧ WJ/400
  • S. Yssi “Ossë” ✧ WJ/400
Primitive elvish [WJ/400] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

oeros

masculine name. Osse

Changes

  • AerosOeros ✧ Ety/GOS

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. Osse ✧ Ety/GOS

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GOS “dread” ✧ Ety/GOS

Elements

WordGloss
oer“sea”
GOS“dread”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GOS > Oeros[airosse] > [aiross] > [oeross] > [oeros]✧ Ety/GOS
ᴹ√GOS > Aeros[airosse] > [aiross] > [aeross] > [aeros]✧ Ety/GOS

Variations

  • Aeros ✧ EtyAC/GOS (Aeros)
Noldorin [Ety/GOS; EtyAC/GOS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ost

noun. city, town with wall round

Noldorin [Ety/379, S/435, WJ/414, RC/232] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ost

noun. citadel, fortress or stronghold, made or strenghtened by art

Noldorin [Ety/379, S/435, WJ/414, RC/232] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ost

noun. city, town (with wall round)

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. osto “city, town with wall round, fort” ✧ Ety/OS

Derivations

  • ᴹ√OS “round, about” ✧ Ety/OS

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√OS > ost[osto] > [ost]✧ Ety/OS

Variations

  • osse ✧ EtyAC/OS (osse)
  • Ost ✧ TI/424 (Ost)
Noldorin [Ety/LOD; Ety/OS; Ety/RAT; EtyAC/OS; TI/424; WR/288] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

osse

noun. terror

Cognates

  • N. gost “dread, terror” ✧ Ety/GOS

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GOS “dread” ✧ Ety/GOS

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Mandos “(Dread) Imprisoner” ✧ Ety/GOS
  • ᴹQ. Osse ✧ Ety/GOS

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GOS > osse[gosse] > [ɣosse] > [osse]✧ Ety/GOS
Qenya [Ety/GOS; EtyAC/GOS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

osse

masculine name. Osse

Cognates

  • N. Oeros “Osse” ✧ Ety/GOS

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶Goss “Osse” ✧ Ety/GOS
    • ᴹ√GOS “dread” ✧ Ety/GOS

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶Goss > Osse[gosse] > [ɣosse] > [osse]✧ Ety/GOS

Variations

  • Ossë ✧ LRI/Ossë; SDI2/Ossë; SMI/Ossë
Qenya [Ety/GOS; LRI/Ossë; PE22/022; SDI2/Ossë; SMI/Ossë] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

goss

masculine name. Osse

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GOS “dread” ✧ Ety/GOS

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. Osse ✧ Ety/GOS
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/GOS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

falathron

masculine name. Ossë

Cognates

  • Eq. Falassar “Ossë” ✧ GL/33; LT1A/Falman
Gnomish [GL/33; LT1A/Falman] Group: Eldamo. Published by

falmon

masculine name. Ossë

Cognates

  • Eq. Falman “Osse” ✧ GL/33; GL/18; LT1A/Falman

Variations

  • Faflum ✧ GL/18
  • Falothron ✧ GL/18
  • Falmos ✧ GL/18
Gnomish [GL/18; GL/33; GL/35; LT1A/Falman] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

ost

noun. city

Element in

  • En. uvost “without a town” ✧ PE13/155 (uvost)
Early Noldorin [PE13/152; PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

falassar

masculine name. Ossë

A name for Ossë appearing in the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s (GL/33), an elaboration of falas(se) “beach” as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT2A/Falasquil).

Cognates

  • G. Falathron “Ossë” ✧ GL/33; LT1A/Falman

Elements

WordGloss
falas(se)“shore, beach, surf”
Early Quenya [GL/33; LT1A/Falman] Group: Eldamo. Published by

falman

masculine name. Osse

Another name for Ossë appearing in the earliest Lost Tales, also appearing in the Qenya and Gnomish Lexicons from the 1910s (LT1/66, GL/33, QL/37). It is derived from the root ᴱ√FALA, which is also the source of falas(se) “shore, surf”.

Cognates

  • G. Falmon “Ossë” ✧ GL/33; GL/18; LT1A/Falman

Derivations

  • ᴱ√FALA “*foam, wave” ✧ LT1A/Falman; QL/037

Element in

Variations

  • Falāme ✧ GL/18 (Falāme)
Early Quenya [GL/18; GL/33; LT1A/Falman; LT1I/Ossë; PE14/013; QL/037] Group: Eldamo. Published by

osse

masculine name. God of Sea

Cognates

  • G. Oth(a) ✧ GL/18; GL/61; GL/63; PE15/08; LT1A/Ossë

Derivations

  • ᴱ√’O’O “*sea” ✧ LT1A/Ónen; QL/070

Variations

  • Ossë ✧ LBI/Ossë; LT1A/Ónen; LT1A/Ossë; LT1I/Ossë; LT2I/Ossë
Early Quenya [GL/18; GL/61; GL/63; LBI/Ossë; LT1A/Ónen; LT1A/Ossë; LT1I/Ossë; LT2I/Ossë; PE14/013; PE15/08; QL/070] Group: Eldamo. Published by