Quenya 

aista-

to dread

aista- (3) vb. "to dread" (GÁYAS, VT45:14; possibly obsoleted by #2 above)

Sindarin 

goss

dread

(i ’oss, constuct gos) (horror), pl. gyss (i ngyss = i ñyss).

gost

dread

(i ngost = i ñost, o n’gost = o ñgost) (terror), pl. gyst (in gyst = i ñgyst).

guruthos

dread of death

(i nguruthos = i ñuruthos, o n’guruthos = o ñguruthos) (death-horror), pl. (if there is a pl.) either guruthys (in guruthys = i ñguruthys) or gyrythys (in gyrythys = i ñgyrythys) with umlaut throughtout the word. Coll. pl. guruthossath.

delos

dread

(i dhelos) (fear, horror, abhorrence, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. A side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys).

gorth

dread

(i ngorth = i ñorth, o n’gorth = o ñgorth) (horror), pl. gyrth (in gyrth = i ñgyrth). (WJ:415) Note: a homophone means ”dead; dead person”.

gôr

dread

(i ngôr = i ñôr, o n’gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (fear, horror), pl. gŷr (in gŷr = i ñgŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour”, but has different mutations.

goroth

dread

(i ngoroth = i ñoroth, o n’goroth = o ñgoroth) (horror), pl. geryg (in geryg = i ñgeryg) (WJ:415). Archaic pl. ✱göryth.

daedhelos

great dread

(i naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndaedelos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct.

gae

dread

(i ’ae), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngae = i ñae)

achas

dread

(fear), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i ’achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais), coll. pl. achassath.

Noldorin 

goe

noun. dread

gae

noun. dread

Derivations

  • On. gaia “dread” ✧ Ety/GÁYAS
    • ᴹ√GAYAS “fear” ✧ Ety/GÁYAS

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
On. gaia > gae > goe/gae[gaia] > [gai] > [gae]✧ Ety/GÁYAS

Variations

  • goe/gae ✧ Ety/GÁYAS
Noldorin [Ety/GÁYAS; EtyAC/GÁYAS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Old Noldorin 

gaia

noun. dread

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GAYAS “fear” ✧ Ety/GÁYAS

Derivatives

  • N. gae “dread” ✧ Ety/GÁYAS

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√GÁYAS > gaia[gajas] > [gaja] > [gaia]✧ Ety/GÁYAS
Old Noldorin [Ety/GÁYAS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

gos

root. dread

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “dread” with two variations: ᴹ√GOS and ᴹ√GOTH (Ety/GOS). It was an element in quite a few names in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, such as ᴹQ. Mandos “Dread Imprisoner” (Ety/MBAD), ᴹQ. Osse (Ety/GOS), N. Gothmog (Ety/MBAW), N. Tauros “Forest-Dread” (Ety/TÁWAR), and N. Dor-Daideloth “Land of the Shadow of Dread” (LR/405), the last of these containing N. deloth “abhorrence, detestation, loathing” = ᴹ√DYEL + ᴹ√GOTH (Ety/DYEL).

In Tolkien’s later writings, many of these names were given new forms or etymologies: Q. Mandos “Castle of Custody” = mando + osto (MR/350); Q. Ossë as an adaptation of his Valarin name Oš(o)šai (WJ/400); S. Tauron “Forester” (PM/358). This calls into question whether ᴹ√GOS or ᴹ√GOTH survived as a root. It does have a few useful derivatives for the purposes of Neo-Eldarin, however, such as N. gosta- “fear exceedingly”.

Changes

  • GOROSGOS ✧ Ety/GOS

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶Goss “Osse” ✧ Ety/GOS
    • ᴹQ. Osse ✧ Ety/GOS
  • ᴹQ. osse “terror” ✧ Ety/GOS
  • N. Oeros “Osse” ✧ Ety/GOS
  • N. gost “dread, terror” ✧ Ety/GOS
  • N. gosta- “to fear exceedingly” ✧ Ety/GOS
  • N. Gostir “Dread-glance” ✧ Ety/THĒ

Element in

  • ᴹ✶angosse “horror” ✧ Ety/GOS
  • ᴹ✶Gothombauk- ✧ Ety/MBAW
  • ᴹQ. Mandos “(Dread) Imprisoner” ✧ Ety/MBAD; Ety/MBAD
  • N. Bannos “Mandos, Dread Imprisoner” ✧ Ety/MBAD
  • N. deloth “abhorrence, detestation, loathing” ✧ Ety/DYEL
  • N. Oeros “Osse”
  • N. Gothmog “Voice of Goth” ✧ Ety/GOS
  • N. Tauros “Lord of Forests; (lit.) Forest-Dread” ✧ Ety/TÁWAR

Variations

  • GOTH ✧ Ety/DYEL; Ety/GOS; Ety/KOT; Ety/ÑGOROTH
  • GOROS ✧ EtyAC/GOS (GOROS)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/DYEL; Ety/GOS; Ety/KOT; Ety/MBAD; Ety/MBAW; Ety/ÑGOROTH; Ety/TÁWAR; Ety/THĒ; EtyAC/GOS] Group: Eldamo. Published by

arʒā

noun/adjective. dread

Element in

Middle Primitive Elvish [PE21/32] Group: Eldamo. Published by