Ara-

noble

Ara-, ar- a prefixed form of the stem Ara- "noble" (PM:344). In the masc. names Aracáno "high chieftain", mothername (amilessë, q.v.) of Fingolfin (PM:360, cf. 344), Arafinwë "Finarfin" (MR:230)

arato

noble

arato noun "a noble" (PE17:147), in PE17:118 given as aratō and there glossed "lord" (often = "king"). Cf. aráto. The form cited in the latter source, aratō with a long final vowel, is evidently very archaic (compare Enderō under Ender); later the vowel would become short. (PE17:118)

arquen

noble

arquen noun "a noble" (WJ:372), "knight" (PE17:147)

aracondo

masculine name. *Noble Prince

A name associated with Turgon in a set of notes exploring possibly etymologies of his name (PE17/113), possibly his mother-name since Sarafinwë is given as his father-name in the same notes, while Turukondo (from which Turgon is derived) is said to be his “title”. Its Sindarin cognate Argond is similar to the Sindarin form of the name of Fingolfin’s son Aracáno, so perhaps Aracondo is a precursor that name. Aracondo is a compound of ar(a)- “noble” and condo “prince”.

arafinwë

masculine name. *Noble Finwë

Father-name of Finarfin (PM/344) from which his Sindarin name was derived. It is a compound ar(a)- “high, noble” and the name of his father, Finwë.

aratan

masculine name. *Noble Man

Second son of Isildur (S/295), his name seems to be a compound of ar(a)- “noble” and Atan “man”.

arciryas

masculine name. *Noble Ship

Younger son of the 28th king of Gondor Telumehtar (LotR/1038), his name seems to be a combination of ar(a)- “noble” and cirya “ship”.

argol(do)

masculine name. Noble Noldo

A name attested only as an example of the phonetic rule that [[q|medial [ŋ] after a [n], [ŋ], [l], [r] became [g]]] (PE19/81). It seems to be a compound of ar(a)- “noble” and Noldo.

armenelos

place name. City of the Kings; *(lit.) Noble Heaven City

The capital city of Númenor. Tolkien glossed this name as the “City of the Kings” (UT/165), but the elements of the name appear to be ar- “noble”, menel “heavens” and the suffixal form -os of osto “city”. As such, its literal meaning seems to be “✱Noble Heaven City”, probably a reference to its location on the slopes of the mountain Meneltarma. The city’s Adûnaic name, Arminalêth, has a similar meaning.

Conceptual development: In the earliest stories of Númenor, the name of this city was given as ᴹQ. Númenos or Númar (LR/14). In the later versions of the story associated with “The Notion Club Papers”, its Quenya name was change to ᴹQ. Antirion (SD/347), but for the most part it was referred to by its Adûnaic name Arminalêth. In the drafts of the Akallebêth the Quenya name was Q. Tar Calimos (PM/145) before it was replaced by its final form Armenelos as in the published version of The Silmarillion.

In the index of Sauron Defeated, Christopher Tolkien incorrectly wrote that Armenelos replaced the name Arminalêth (SDI2/Arminalêth). He corrected this mistake on PM/145, where J.R.R. Tolkien’s notes clearly indicate that Armenelos was the Eldarin [Quenya] name of the city, coexisting with its Adûnaic name Arminalêth.

artaher

masculine name. Noble Lord

The Quenya name of S. Orodreth in some of Tolkien’s later writings (PM/346, 350). It is a compound of the prefixal form arta- of arata “noble” and heru “lord”.

Conceptual Development: His Quenya name was initially Artanáro, but this was changed to Artaresto, while Artanáro became the Quenya name of his son Gil-galad (PM/350). Later, the name was changed again to Artaher and its Sindarin form to S. Arothir, which was probably meant to replace S. Orodreth in The Silmarillion, although Tolkien did not get around to making those changes. The name Artaresto is more compatible with his Sindarin name Orodreth in the published version of The Silmarillion.

artamir

masculine name. *Noble Jewel

Eldest son of the Gondorian king Ondoher, killed in battle before he could claim the throne (LotR/1049). His name is a compound of the prefixal form arta- of arata “noble” and mírë “jewel”.

artanis

feminine name. Noble Woman

The father-name of Galadriel (UT/231, PM/346-7). This name is a compound of the prefixal form arta- of arata “noble” and nís “woman”.

artanáro

masculine name. *Noble Fire

The Quenya name of Gil-galad in some late notes of Tolkien (PM/350). This name is a compound of the prefixal form arta- of arata “noble” and nár “fire”. In earlier versions of these notes, this was the Quenya name of his father Orodreth, but that Quenya name was eventually revised to Artaher.

Aratan

noble adan

Aratan masc. name *"Noble Adan" (Silm)

Argol(do)

noun. Noble Noldo

Noble Noldo

Artaher

noble lord

Artaher (Artahér-) masc. name "noble lord" (Sindarin Arothir) (PM:346)

Artamir

noble jewel

Artamir masc. name *"Noble jewel" (Appendix A); cf. mírë.

Artanis

noble woman

Artanis fem. name "noble woman" (PM:347)

arata

high, lofty, noble

arata adj. "high, lofty, noble" (PE17:49, 186). Also used as a a noun with nominal pl. form Aratar "the Supreme", the chief Valar, translation of the foreign word Máhani adopted and adapted from Valarin (WJ:402). Aratarya "her sublimity"; Varda Aratarya "Varda the lofty, Varda in her sublimity" (WJ:369). In one source, Aratar is translated as a singular: "High One" (PE17:186)

callo

noble man, hero

callo ("k")noun "noble man, hero" (KAL)

tarhildi

high-men, the noble followers

tarhildi, pl. noun "High-men, the Noble followers" (PE17:18), referring to the Dúnedain. Sg. perhaps #tarhil (with stem #tarhild-), cf. tarcil.

tána

high, lofty, noble

tána (meaning unclear, probably adj. "high, lofty, noble") (TĀ/TA3). Compare tára.

ar(a)-

prefix. noble, high

arata

adjective. high, noble, exalted, lofty

arquen

noun. noble, knight

artafindë

masculine name. *Noble [Golden] Hair

A “Quenyarized” form of Findrod’s father-name: Findaráto, with the adjectival element arta- first (PM/346).

artanga

masculine name. *Noble Iron

A “Quenyarized” form of Angrod’s father-name: Angaráto, with the adjectival element arta- first (PM/346).

arta

adjective. high, noble, exalted, lofty

aráto

noun. champion, eminent man, noble, lord, king

arata

high, lofty, noble

arata adj. "high, lofty, noble" (PE17:49, 186). Also used as a a noun with nominal pl. form Aratar "the Supreme", the chief Valar, translation of the foreign word Máhani adopted and adapted from Valarin (WJ:402). Aratarya "her sublimity"; Varda Aratarya "Varda the lofty, Varda in her sublimity" (WJ:369). In one source, Aratar is translated as a singular: "High One" (PE17:186)

arcöa

noun. palace, (lit.) noble-house