Quenya 

ailinë

shore, beach

#ailinë (nominative uncertain) noun "shore, beach" (in Tolkien's later Quenya rather hresta). Only attested in inflected forms: sg. ablative ailinello "shore-from" (MC:213), sg. locative ailinisse "on shore" (MC:221), pl. locative ailissen "on beaches" (for *ailinissen?) (MC:221)

tië

noun. path, road, way, line, path, road, way, line, [ᴹQ.] course, direction, [ᴱQ.] route

This was the basic Quenya word for “path” for most of Tolkien’s life. This word dates all the way back to ᴱQ. tie “line, direction, route, road” under the early root ᴱ√TEHE “pull” (QL/90). In Early Qenya Word-lists Tolkien revised {ᴱQ. tie} “path” to kie (PE16/143), and in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s, the form was “path” (PE21/40). These seem to have been temporary ideas since by The Etymologies of the 1930s the form was again ᴹQ. tie “path, course, line, direction, way” under the root {ᴹ√TEƷ >>} ᴹ√TEÑ “line, direction” (Ety/TEƷ).

Its most notable appearance in Tolkien’s later writings was in the Namárië poem, within the phrase ar ilyë tier undulávë lumbulë “and all paths are drowned deep in shadow” (LotR/377). In green-ink revisions to the Outline of Phonology (OP2) from around 1970, Tolkien derived tie from primitive ✶tegē “line, road” (PE19/71); in this document the root √TEG was glossed “line”, as opposed to √TEÑ “signify” (PE19/97).

Neo-Quenya: The word tie had many possible translations, such as “path, road” (PE17/13), “road, way” (PE17/72), or “line, direction” (Ety/TEƷ). I believe its basic meaning is “✱line of travel” (not necessarily straight), and can refer to both the path or road travelled upon as well as the way or route of the travel itself. For a simple “straight line”, I would use the related word [ᴹQ.] tea.

Quenya [LotR/0377; PE17/013; PE17/072; PE17/076; PE19/071; PE23/134; RGEO/58; RGEO/59; UT/022; VT39/20; VT47/11] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tië

path, course, line, direction, way

tië noun "path, course, line, direction, way" (TE3, VT47:11); pl. tier in Namárië(Nam, RGEO:67); tielyanna "upon your path" (UT:22 cf. 51; tie-lya-nna "path-your-upon")

téma

row, series, line

téma noun "row, series, line" (pl. témar attested) (TEÑ, Appendix E)

falassë

noun. (wave-beaten) shore, seashore, line of surf, (wave-beaten) shore, seashore, line of surf; [ᴹQ.] beach

A word for “(wave-beaten) shore” (VT42/15; PE17/135), or “seashore, surfline” (PE17/62), derived from the root √PHAL “foam” (PE17/62).

Conceptual Development: This word first appeared as ᴱQ. falas (falass-) “shore, beach” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as a derivative of the root ᴱ√FALA (QL/37). It appeared with the gloss “beach” and variants falas and falasse in the contemporaneous Name-list to the Fall of Gondolin (PE15/24) and as falasse “beach” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/138). ᴹQ. falasse “beach” reappeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√PHAL “foam” (Ety/PHAL) and similar derivatives appeared in Tolkien’s later writings as noted above.

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would reserve this word for its later meaning “(sea)shore” and “surfline”, and for the beach itself I would use the word Q. hresta.

Quenya [PE17/062; PE17/135; SA/falas; VT42/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

téma

noun. series, series, [ᴹQ.] row, line

@@@ problems with later derivations from √TEG, because Tolkien kept vacillating on the development of gm, but usually had gm > ŋm > ngw, so that teg-mā > tengwa, not téma.

Quenya [LotR/1118; PE17/122; PE18/104; PE19/082; PE19/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nyas

noun. scratch, score, line, mark

ríma

noun. line of seeds planted, row, series, furrow

falas

shore, beach

falas (falass-), falassë noun "shore, beach" (LT1:253, LT2:339); falassë "shore, line of surf" (SA:falas), "shore especially one exposed to great waves and breakers" (VT42:15), "beach" (PHAL/PHÁLAS); Falassë Númëa place-name "Western Surf" (LT1:253), Andafalassë "Langstrand" (PE17:135)

páselanne

noun. linen-cloth

A neologism for “linen-cloth” coined by Helge Fauskanger in his NQNT (NQNT), a combination of [ᴺQ.] pásë “linen” and [ᴹQ.] lanne “cloth”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

páselarma

noun. linen-raiment

A neologism for “linen-raiment” coined by Helge Fauskanger in his NQNT (NQNT), a combination of [ᴺQ.] pásë “linen” and larma “raiment”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

pásë

noun. linen

A neologism for “linen” coined by Helge Fauskanger in his NQNT (NQNT), apparently based on √PATH “smooth, silky”.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

hresta

shore, beach

hresta noun "shore, beach", ablative hrestallo *"from (the) shore" in Markirya

landa

boundary

landa (1) noun "boundary" (VT42:8)

landa

noun. boundary

lenu-

verb. stretch

lenu- vb. "stretch" (LT2:341)

linya

pool

linya noun "pool" (LIN1)

londa

path

[londa noun "path"], changed by Tolkien to londë noun "road (in sea)" (VT45:28)

lóna

pool, mere

lóna (1) noun "pool, mere" (VT42:10). Variant of lón, lónë above?

nendë

pool

nendë (1) noun "pool" (NEN), "lake" (PE17:52)

solor

surf

solor noun "surf" (SOL); solor, solossë noun "surf, surge" (LT1:266)

solossë

surf, surge

solossë noun "surf, surge" (LT1:266); also solor

tehta

mark, sign

tehta noun "mark, sign" (TEK, VT39:17, Appendix E), especially diacritics denoting vowels in Fëanorian writing (pl. tehtar is attested); these diacritics are explicitly called ómatehtar "vowel-marks", q.v.

tier

path

tier is, besides the pl. form of tië "path" above, an ephemeral word for "so", abandoned by Tolkien in favour of tambë (VT43:17)

téma

noun. series

series

Quenya [PE 19:97] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

téma#

noun. series

series

Quenya [PE 18:30] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

téna

straight, right

téna (1) adj. "straight, right" (SD:310; see téra)

téra

straight, right

téra adj. "straight, right" (TEÑ, see TE3; LR:47; in one text Tolkien changed it to téna, SD:310)

linta-

verb. to soothe

rimpë

noun. scratch

A neologism for “scratch” created by Boris Shapiro and Petri Tikka in PPQ (PPQ) from the early 2000s, based on the root ᴹ√SRIP. I would use attested [ᴱQ.] nyas “scratch” instead.

Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Primitive elvish

teg

root. line

Tolkien used a number of similar roots as the basis for “line” words throughout his life. The earliest of these appeared in the Qenya Lexicon as ᴱ√TEHE [teχe] “pull” (gloss marked with a “?” by Tolkien) with derivatives like ᴱQ. tea “straight”, ᴱQ. telya “attractive; importunate”, and ᴱQ. tie “line, direction, route, road” (QL/90), the last of these surviving more or less unchanged all the way into the published version of The Lord of the Rings (LotR/377). The early root ᴱ√TEHE also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. “mark, line; track; path”, G. or tion “straight”, and G. tîr “honest; esteem, regard, honour”, originally “straight, upright” (GL/69, 71). Primitive ᴱ✶tegna > ᴱQ. tína/ᴱN. tain “straight” from Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s may represent a shift in the form of the root to ✱ᴱ√TEGE (PE13/153, 165).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root appeared as {ᴹ√TEƷ >>} ᴹ√TEÑ “line, direction” with derivatives like ᴹQ. tie/N. “line, way” and ᴹQ. téra/N. tîr “straight, right” (Ety/TEƷ, TEÑ). In the Outline of Phonology Tolkien gave √TEG “line”, whereas √TEÑ was given as the basis for Q. tenna “a thought, notion, idea” and thus clearly with a different meaning; see the entry √TEÑ for further discussion. In any case it is clear that Tolkien considered various ancient velar consonants for the second consonant of this root, all ultimately vanishing in the child languages with similar vocalic effects: 1910s teχ-, 1920s teg-, 1930s {teʒ- >>} teñ- and 1950s teg-.

Primitive elvish [PE19/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tay

root. mark, line, limit; stretch, [ᴹ√] extend, make long(er), stretch, [ᴹ√] extend, make long(er); [√] mark, line, limit

The root ᴹ√TAY first appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with the gloss “extend, make long(er)” and derivatives like ᴹQ. taile “lengthening, extension”, ᴹQ. taina “lengthened, extended” and N. taen “long (and thin)” (Ety/TAY). Tolkien considered making it a variant of ᴹ√TAƷ (EtyAC/TAY), perhaps intending ᴹ√TAY to refer to horizontal length as opposed to vertical ᴹ√TAƷ. The root ᴹ√TAY “stretch” also appeared in the first version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa (TQ1) from the 1930s as the basis for ᴹ✶tainā “long”, and there were various related linguistic terms like Q. ómataima “vocalic extension” and Q. ómatailë “vowel lengthening” that appeared in both the first and second version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa (TQ1: PE18/34, 45; TQ2: PE18/86, 95).

The root √TAJA “stretch” appeared in notes associated with the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60 (VT39/7), and √TAY “stretch” appeared in a list of sound roots from around this same time (PE17/138). However, in notes on the origin of the river name S. Taeglin “✱Boundary Singer”, Tolkien glossed √taya “mark, line, limit” with extension tayak as the basis for ✶taika “boundary, limit, boundary line” > S. taeg (WJ/309). Perhaps it was Tolkien’s intent that the sense “mark, line, limit” only applied to the extended form tayak.

Primitive elvish [PE17/138; PE17/187; VT39/07; VT39/09; WJ/309] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tegē

noun. line, road

Primitive elvish [PE19/071] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Sindarin 

lîr

noun. line, line, [N.] row

aeglir

noun. line of peaks, line of peaks, [N.] range of mountain peaks; [ᴱN.] peak, mountain top

A word for a mountain range, a compound of S. aeg “sharp” and S. lîr “line”, or more literally “line of (mountain) peaks”, most notably as an element in S. Hithaeglir “Misty Mountains, (lit.) Line of Misty Peaks” (Let/180; RC/11).

Conceptual Development: The earliest iteration of this word was ᴱN. aiglir “peak, mountain top” in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s, but there it was a singular rather than collective noun, an elaboration of ᴱN. aig “high, steep” (PE13/136, 158). In this period it had a distinct plural form eiglir as in ᴱN. Eiglir Engrin “Iron Mountains” (LB/33, 49). In The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared as N. oeglir “range of mountain peaks” with essentially the same etymology as given above, except with the Noldorin word N. oeg “sharp” instead of later Sindarin word S. aeg. It appeared as aiglin or aeglin in some earlier versions of the name Hithaeglir (TMME/379; Let/180), but was corrected to aeglir in later versions of The Lord of the Rings.

falas

noun. beach, shore, strand, surf(line)

A well-established word for “beach” or “shore”, derived from the root √PHAL “foam, splash” (PE17/62, 73).

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s this word appeared as G. falos “sea-marge, surf, coast, line; margin, fringe, edge” (GL/33), but it was G. falas “beach” in the contemporaneous Name-list to The Fall of Gondolin (PE15/24) as well as in names from this period such as G. Falas-a-’Wilb “Beach of Peace” and G. Falathron = “Ossë”. It appeared as N. falas “beach, shore” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the extended form ᴹ√PHÁLAS of the root ᴹ√PHAL “foam” (Ety/PHAL). Similar derivations appeared in Tolkien’s later writings well (PE17/62, 73).

Sindarin [PE17/062; PE17/073; PE17/097; PE23/139; RC/018; SA/falas; VT42/15] Group: Eldamo. Published by

taeg

noun. boundary, limit, boundary line

Sindarin [WJ/309] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lîr

line

1) lîr (row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath. 2) (i dê, o thê) (way), pl. (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath, 3) (i dî, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath.

lîr

line

(row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath.

line

(i dê, o thê) (way), pl. (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath

line

(i**, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i** thî), coll. pl. tíath.

falas

line of surf

falas (pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

surf, line of

(pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)

falas

line of surf

(pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). *(VT42:15)*****

nothlir

family line

(family tree); no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. nothliriath.

rib

noun. stripe, line; shore; border, fringe

taeg

boundary, boundary line

(i daeg, o thaeg) (limit), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaeg)

taeg

boundary line

(i daeg, o thaeg) (limit, boundary), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaeg).

tilias

line of peaks

(i** dilias, o thilias), pl. tiliais (i** thiliais), coll. pl. tiliassath.

tilias

line of peaks

tilias (i dilias, o thilias), pl. tiliais (i thiliais), coll. pl. tiliassath.

gwanos

noun. family, birth, heredity, *lineage

falas

shore, foaming shore

(pl. felais) (beach, coast, strand, line of surf; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand) (VT42:15). Adj.

row

(i dî, o thî) (line), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath;

row

(i dî, o thî) (line), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath;

andaith

noun. long-mark, sign used in writing alphabetic tengwar over a vowel, to indicate that it is lengthened.

Sindarin [LotR/E, Ety/391, X/EI] and+taith. Group: SINDICT. Published by

falathren

noun/adjective. of the shore

Sindarin [Ety/381, PM/32, PM/55] falas+-ren. Group: SINDICT. Published by

falathren

noun/adjective. Shore-language (one of the names for Common Speech)

Sindarin [Ety/381, PM/32, PM/55] falas+-ren. Group: SINDICT. Published by

finde

noun. fine hair

n. #fine hair. >> deil

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:151] < _spindidele_ < ? + DĔL. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

glan(n)

noun. boundary

gland

noun. boundary

Sindarin [Glanduin, Glanhír UT/264, UT/318, UT/441, VT/42] Group: SINDICT. Published by

glandagol

noun. boundary mark

Sindarin [VT/42:8,28] gland+tagol. Group: SINDICT. Published by

glann

noun. boundary

Sindarin [Glanduin, Glanhír UT/264, UT/318, UT/441, VT/42] Group: SINDICT. Published by

loeg

noun. pool

Sindarin [S/407, UT/450, LotR/Map] Group: SINDICT. Published by

loeg

noun. pool

lond

noun. narrow path or strait

Sindarin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lond

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Sindarin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lonn

noun. narrow path or strait

Sindarin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lonn

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Sindarin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lîn

noun. pool

Sindarin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lîr

noun. row, range

Sindarin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

rhib-

verb. to scratch

Sindarin [Ety/387, X/RH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

rim

noun. cold pool or lake (in mountains)

Sindarin [Ety/384, X/RH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

taith

noun. mark

Sindarin [Ety/391, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

*rhib

scratch

*rhib- (?i thrîb or ?i rîb the lenition product of rh- is uncertain; pl. ”those who scratch” ?i ribir).

aeglir

range of mountain peaks

aeglir (no distinct pl. form). See also HORN.

aeglir

range of mountain peaks

aeglir (no distinct pl. form);

ael

pool

1) ael (aelin-, pl. aelin) (lake, mere). In ”Noldorin” oel, pl. oelin. 2)

ael

pool

(aelin-, pl. aelin) (lake, mere). In ”Noldorin” oel, pl. oelin.

anc

row of teeth

(jaw), pl. ainc, coll. pl. angath.

both

small pool

(i moth, construct both) (puddle), pl. byth (i mbyth). David Salo would lengthen the vowel and read ✱bôth in Sindarin.

bâd

pathway

(i vâd, construct bad) (beaten track), pl. baid (i maid).

falathren

of the shore

(pl. felethrin)

faur

shore

(beach), pl. foer, coll. pl. forath (VT46:15)

Speculative

noun. path

A noun appearing only it is plural form fui “paths” in the name Fui ’Ngorthrim “Paths of the Dead” (RC/526). The most plausible singular form is ✱ “path”.

gland

boundary

1) gland (i **land, construct glan), pl. glaind (i glaind), coll. pl. glannath, 2) lest (girdle, fence), pl. list**; 3)

gland

boundary

(i ’land, construct glan), pl. glaind (i glaind), coll. pl. glannath

habad

shore

(i chabad, o chabad), pl. hebaid (i chebaid). Archaic pl. hebeid (LR:386).

imrad

path

(between mountains, hills or through trackless forest) imrad (pass), pl. imraid.

imrad

path

(pass), pl. imraid.

lest

boundary

(girdle, fence), pl. list

loeg

pool

loeg (no distinct pl. form: loeg is also atttested with plural meaning) (VT45:29). 4) nên (water, lake, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn.

loeg

pool

(no distinct pl. form: loeg is also atttested with plural meaning) (VT45:29). 4) nên (water, lake, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn.

lîn

pool

lîn (lake), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. #**liniath (isolated from Hithliniath**, WJ:194). 3)

lîn

pool

(lake), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. #*liniath*** (isolated from Hithliniath**, WJ:194). 3)

orodrim

range of mountains

(itself a coll. pl. of orod ”mountain”)

pada

walk

(i bada, i phadar)

rhast

shore

(?i thrast or ?i rastthe lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhaist (?idh raist).

rhib

scratch

(?i thrîb or ?i rîb – *the lenition product of rh- is uncertain*;  pl. ”those who scratch” ?i ribir).

râd

path

râd (track), construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh).

râd

path

(track), construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh).

taith

mark

(noun) taith (i daith, o thaith), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaith). Archaic teith.

taith

mark

(i daith, o thaith), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaith). Archaic teith.

tîr

straight

tîr (lenited dîr, no distinct pl. form) (right). Note: a homophone means ”looking, view, glance” (noun).

tîr

straight

(lenited dîr, no distinct pl. form) (right). Note: a homophone means ”looking, view, glance” (noun).

Noldorin 

noun. line, way, line, way, [G.] track, path; mark

Noldorin [Ety/TEƷ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

noun. line, row, line, row; [G.] straight

Noldorin [Ety/TEÑ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

noun. line, way

Noldorin [Ety/391] Group: SINDICT. Published by

noun. line, row

Noldorin [Ety/392] Group: SINDICT. Published by

taer

adjective. straight

Noldorin [Ety/TEÑ; EtyAC/TEÑ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

andeith

noun. long-mark, sign used in writing alphabetic tengwar over a vowel, to indicate that it is lengthened.

Noldorin [LotR/E, Ety/391, X/EI] and+taith. Group: SINDICT. Published by

eredhithui

place name. Misty Mountains

Earlier name for S. Hithaeglir (TI/124), a combination of the plural of orod “mountain” and hithui “misty”.

Noldorin [TI/124; TII/Eredhithui] Group: Eldamo. Published by

esgar

noun. shore

Noldorin [VT/46:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

falathren

noun/adjective. of the shore

Noldorin [Ety/381, PM/32, PM/55] falas+-ren. Group: SINDICT. Published by

falathren

noun/adjective. Shore-language (one of the names for Common Speech)

Noldorin [Ety/381, PM/32, PM/55] falas+-ren. Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhonn

noun. narrow path or strait

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhonn

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhîn

noun. pool

Noldorin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhîn

noun. pool

Noldorin [Ety/KHIS; Ety/LIN¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhîr

noun. row, range

Noldorin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhîr

noun. row

Noldorin [Ety/LIR²] Group: Eldamo. Published by

liniath

noun. pools

Noldorin [Hithliniath WJ/194] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lond

noun. narrow path or strait

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lond

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lonn

noun. narrow path or strait

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lonn

noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven

Noldorin [Ety/348, Ety/370, S/434, UT/450, VT/42:10, X/LH,] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lonn

noun. path

oeglir

noun. range of mountain peaks

Noldorin [Ety/AYAK; Ety/LIR²] Group: Eldamo. Published by

poros

place name. Boundary

Noldorin [TI/312; TII/Poros; WR/436; WRI/Poros] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rhim

noun. cold pool or lake (in mountains)

Noldorin [Ety/384, X/RH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

rhimb

noun. cold pool or lake (in mountains)

Noldorin [Ety/384, X/RH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

râd

noun. path, track

Noldorin [Ety/383] Group: SINDICT. Published by

taer

adjective. straight

Written tær (with ae-ligature) in the Etymologies, rectified here according to VT/46:18 (which also lists the ligature)

Noldorin [Ety/392, VT/46:18] Group: SINDICT. Published by

teith

noun. mark

Noldorin [Ety/391, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

thrib-

verb. to scratch

Noldorin [Ety/387, X/RH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tîr

adjective. straight, right

Noldorin [Ety/391] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Nandorin 

loeg

noun. pool

@@@ as suggested by Lokyt, possibly a plural form of unattested log, since it is glossed in the plural in the source material: “pools”

Adûnaic

sakal Reconstructed

noun. shore

This word is attested only in Sakalthôr, whose Quenya name is Falassion (UT/223). The first element of the Quenya name seems to be falassë “shore”, so the first element of his Adûnaic name probably has the same meaning, as suggested by several authors (AAD/22, AL/Adûnaic, EotAL/SAK’L).


Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Doriathrin

line

noun. pool

A noun for “pool” derived from the root ᴹ√LIN (Ety/LIN¹). Its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. linya suggests its primitive form was ✱✶linyā [linjā]. If so, it is an example of how, after [[ilk|final [a] was lost]], the [[ilk|final [j] became [i]]] and then became [e], as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Ilkorin/line).

Doriathrin [Ety/LIN¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

moth

noun. pool

A Doriathrin noun for “pool”, derived from root ᴹ√MBOTH (Ety/MBOTH). Its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. motto suggests a primitive form of ✱✶mbottʰō. As pointed out by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Doriathrin/moth), the primitive [mb-] might be expected to have become [b-], since initial nasals usually vanished before stops in Ilkorin, as for example Ilk. bril < MBIRÍL.

Doriathrin [Ety/MBOTH] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

líne

noun. thread, cotton

Early Quenya [QL/053] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nyas

noun. scratch, score, line, mark

A noun appearing as ᴱQ. nyas “scratch, score, line, mark” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with a stem form of nyast-, derived from the early root ᴱ√NYASA (QL/68).

Neo-Quenya: I would retain ᴺQ. nyas “scratch, score, line, mark” for purposes of Neo-Quenya, but would assume it was derived from a Neo-Root ᴺ√NYATH “scratch”, so having a stem form of nyaþ-.

Early Quenya [QL/068] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ríma

noun. line of seeds planted, row, series, furrow

A noun appearing as ᴱQ. rīma “line of seeds planted, row, series, furrow” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√RIẎI “scatter” (QL/80).

Neo-Quenya: This early root seems to have survived as (unglossed) ᴹ√RĪI̯ in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s with the derivative ᴹQ. “reed, grass-stem” (PE21/38). As such I think early derivatives of this root can be salvaged for purposes of Neo-Quenya, in this case as ᴺQ. ríma “line of seeds planted, row, series, furrow”. Note that this conflicts with ᴹQ. ríma “edge, hem, border” from The Etymologies written around 1937 under the root ᴹ√ (Ety/RĪ). However, Tolkien revised this 1937 root form to ᴹ√SRI (EtyAC/RĪ), so I think this word from The Etymologies should be updated to ᴺQ. hríma “edge, hem, border” which eliminates the conflict.

ᴺQ. ríma “furrow” also conflicts with 1968 Q. ríma “fillet, snood, ✱headband, hairnet” (NM/353), but in this case I think the two words can co-exist as they are unlikely to be used in the same contexts.

Early Quenya [QL/080] Group: Eldamo. Published by

filma

noun. fine hair, line

Early Quenya [QL/038] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rípe

noun. line, margin, bank of stream, edging of grass, border

Early Quenya [QL/080] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tie

noun. line, direction, route, road, path

Early Quenya [PE12/008; PE16/143; QL/090] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ailin

noun. shore

A word for “shore” in the ᴱQ. Oilima Markirya poem and its draft of the late 1920s (MC/213, 221), in one place given an archaic form aile and a translation “beach” (PE16/75). In the version of the Markirya poem from the 1960s, this word became Q. hresta (MC/221-222), whereas Q. ailin itself usually meant “lake” in later writings.

Early Quenya [MC/213; MC/221; PE16/062; PE16/066; PE16/072; PE16/074; PE16/075; PE16/077] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kie

noun. path

linta-

verb. to soothe

Early Quenya [QL/054] Group: Eldamo. Published by

líneneldora

adjective. having many beeches

A word in the Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s glossed “having many beeches”, a combination of ᴱQ. li(n)- “many” and an adjectival form of ᴱQ. neldor “beech” (QL/53).

Early Quenya [PME/053; QL/053] Group: Eldamo. Published by

palastor

noun. surf

A word for “surf” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, derived from ᴱ√Palas (QL/72).

Early Quenya [QL/072] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tea

adjective. straight

Early Quenya [QL/090] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tína

adjective. straight

Early Quenya [PE13/153; PE13/165; QL/090] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

linde

noun. pool

lini

pronoun. (pl.) a good few, several

A pronominal form of li(n)- appearing as {lĭne >>} lĭni “a good few, several” in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/103). It was apparently always plural, and it also seems lini could apply to both people and things, as opposed to lie = “people”.

tie

noun. path, course, line, direction, way

Qenya [Ety/TEƷ; PE21/40; PE22/046] Group: Eldamo. Published by

téma

noun. row, series, line

Qenya [Ety/TEÑ; PE22/011; PE22/019] Group: Eldamo. Published by

linya

noun. pool

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “pool” derived from the root ᴹ√LIN of the same meaning (Ety/LIN¹).

Conceptual Development: A similar word ᴹQ. linde “pool” appears in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s (PE21/10), but this word is probably best avoided, as it clashes with Q. lindë “singing, song” (PE17/80).

nende

noun. pool

solor

noun. surf, surf, [ᴱQ.] surge; wavebreak, coast

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “surf” derived from the root ᴹ√SOL, more specifically from the primitive form ᴹ✶solos (Ety/SOL).

Conceptual Development: The word ᴱQ. solor (solos-) “surf, surge” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as a derivative of the root ᴱ√SOLO, alongside a longer variant solosse (QL/85). The long form had the same gloss in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa, but the short form solor was glossed “a wavebreak, coast” (PME/85). The form ᴹQ. solor “surf” in The Etymologies was abnormal, in that it showed final -s becoming -r, which may be a remnant of Early Quenya phonology; later on, final s generally survived and medial s became r.

noun. path

Middle Primitive Elvish

lin

root. pool

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/AY; Ety/KHIS; Ety/LIN¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

teñ

root. line, direction

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TEƷ; Ety/TEÑ; EtyAC/TEÑ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

teʒē

noun. path, course, line, direction, way

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TEƷ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tēñe

noun. line, row

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TEÑ] Group: Eldamo. Published by

solos

noun. surf

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/SOL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

srip

root. scratch

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “scratch” with a single derivative N. thribi “to scratch” (Ety/SRIP).

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/SRIP] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

noun. line

Early Noldorin [PE13/121; PE13/154] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhant

noun. path

G. lant “a level way, high road, street” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/52), probably based on the early root ᴱ√LATA having to do with level and smooth things (QL/51). G. lant “a road” appeared on a slip illustrating vowel mutations, along with a plural form {laint >>} leint “roads” and its primitive form ᴱ✶lanta (PE13/116). ᴱN. lhant “path” appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s with plural lhaint (PE13/148). Possibly later variants include S. rant “course”; see that entry for details.

Early Noldorin [PE13/148; PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhuin

noun. pool

Early Noldorin [PE13/149] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tain

adjective. straight

Early Noldorin [PE13/153; PE13/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thlos

noun. shore, shore; [G.] breaker

A noun glossed “shore” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/154). In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s there was a similar word G. thloss “breaker” derived from ᴱ√thol-, as well as an earlier (rejected?) word G. thloth “breakers, waves, surf” (GL/73). The Early Noldorin word was thus likely of similar derivation. The Gnomish word G. thloss was “confused with flass, floss” (GL/35, 73), but there are no signs of this in Early Noldorin.

Early Noldorin [PE13/146; PE13/154] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

noun/adjective. straight; line

Gnomish [GL/69; GL/71] Group: Eldamo. Published by

falos

noun. sea-marge, surf, coast, line, beach; margin, fringe, edge

Gnomish [GL/33; LT1A/Falman; LT2A/Falasquil; PE15/24] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rib

noun. shore; stripe, line; border, fringe

Gnomish [GL/25; GL/65] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rim

noun. stripe, line; border, fringe

Gnomish [GL/48; GL/65] Group: Eldamo. Published by

noun. mark, line; track; path

Gnomish [GL/68; GL/69; GL/71] Group: Eldamo. Published by

eilin

noun. pool

faroth

noun. boundary

nîn

noun. pool

An archaic noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “pool” (GL/60), almost certainly derived from the early root ᴱ√NENE (QL/65).

tholos

noun. sea-marge

Early Primitive Elvish

tegna

adjective. straight

Early Primitive Elvish [PE13/153; PE13/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

tektha

noun. mark

Old Noldorin [Ety/TEK] Group: Eldamo. Published by