líw

noun. fish

A Doriathrin noun for “fish” derived from primitive ᴹ✶liñwi (Ety/LIW). It is the clearest example of how [[ilk|[ŋg] vanished before [w] lengthening the preceding vowel]], as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Doriathrin/líw). @@@ same development in ᴱN hiw PE13/147

Conceptual Development: This word first appeared as rejected ling (EtyAC/LIW), probably reflecting Tolkien’s uncertainty on the development of [-ŋgw-] in Ilkorin.

liw

root. *fish

An unglossed root in The Etymologies of the 1930s whose derivatives had to do with fish, such as ᴹQ. lingwe and N. lhim “fish” (Ety/LIW). Q. lingwi “fish” appeared in some 1965 notes (NM/336), indicating the ongoing validity of √LIW. √LIW is probably a later iteration of ᴱ√IWI from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s that likewise was the basis for fish-words from this period, such as ᴱQ. ingwe and G. ing (QL/43; GL/51). The root ᴹ√IW also appeared in The Etymologies (EtyAC/IW), but was unglossed and had no derivatives, so it isn’t clear what Tolkien intended this root to mean in the 1930s, and it may well have been abandoned.

skala

noun. fish

liñwi

noun. fish

iw

root. [unglossed], [ᴱ√] *fish

skal

root. small fish

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “small fish” with derivatives like ᴹQ. hala of the same meaning and ᴹQ. halatir(no)/N. heledir “kingsfisher, (lit.) fish-watcher” (Ety/SKAL²). Elsewhere in The Etymologies Tolkien had ᴹ√KHAL¹ “(small) fish” (Ety/KHAL¹), but there the root was revised to ᴹ√KHOL before the entry was deleted with reference to ᴹ√SKAL (Ety/KHAL¹). TThis primitive khal-form for “fish” also appeared as a note on the title page of The Etymologies (EtyAC/KHAL¹).

khalatirnō̆

noun. fish watcher

khal

root. (small) fish

khol

root. (small) fish

ing

noun. fish

igli

noun. young of fish, small fry

A noun appearing as G. igli “young of fish, small fry” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, an elaboration of G. ing “fish” (GL/51).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I’d adapt this as ᴺS. limmeg “young fish, small fry”, a diminutive of ᴺS. lim “fish”.

ingwe

noun. fish

unqu-

verb. to hook into, catch (fish), catch in, etc.

A transitive and intransitive verb in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “hook into, catch (fish), catch in, etc.” under the early root ᴱ√(U)ṆQ(U)Ṇ that was the basis for hook, handle and loop words (QL/98).

kuluin

noun. goldfish

A noun appearing as ᴱQ. kuluin (kuluind-) “goldfish” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, a combination of ᴱQ. kulu “gold” and some variant of ᴱQ. ingwe “fish” (QL/49).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya I would update this to ᴺQ. cullingwë as a combination of √KUL “gold” and Q. lingwë “fish”.

ingwil(in)

noun. eel

This noun appeared as ingwil or ingwilin (ingwiling-) “eel” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, a combination of ᴱQ. ingwe “fish” and ᴱQ. lin (ling-) “snake” (QL/43). The word ingwil(in) “eel” also appeared in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/43).

Neo-Quenya: I would update this word to ᴺQ. lingwileuca “eel” for purposes of Neo-Quenya, a combination of the later words Q. lingwë “fish” and Q. leuca “snake”.

lingwe

noun. fish

hala

noun. (small) fish

A noun for “fish” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶skala under the root ᴹ√SKAL “small fish” (Ety/SKAL²). This replaced an earlier derivation from ᴹ✶khala under the deleted entry for the root ᴹ√KHAL “(small) fish” (Ety/KHAL¹).

halatir(no)

noun. kingsfisher, (lit.) fish-watcher

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing as halatir(no) “fish-watcher, kingsfisher”, a combination of ᴹQ. hala “fish” and an agental form ᴹQ. tirno “watcher” of the root ᴹ√TIR “watch” (Ety/SKAL², TIR). Fish-watcher is the literal translation of the name, and kingfisher is the name of the terrestrial species.

lingwilóke

noun. fish-dragon, sea-serpent

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “fish-dragon, sea-serpent”, a combination of ᴹQ. lingwe “fish” and ᴹQ. lóke “dragon” (Ety/LOK).

Conceptual Development: A similar form ᴱQ. lingwin “serpent, dragon” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s, an elaboration of ᴱQ. lingwe “snake” (QL/54; PME/54).

nikse

noun. minnow, little fish

A word appearing in the Declension of Noun from the early 1930s as nis (niks-) or nikse “minnow, little fish” (PE21/20, 27). It reappeared in the Quenya Verbal System from the 1940s in the phrase ᴹQ. niksi koitar nenesse “fish live in water” (PE22/125). It might be related to the root √NIK “small”.

niksi koitar nenesse

fish live in water

nis

noun. minnow, ‘little fish’

iwi

root. *fish