Noldorin 

hâl

noun. fish

Noldorin [VT/45:20] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hâl

noun. fish

A noun for “fish” appearing on the front page of The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶khala (EtyAC/KHAL¹). As such, it was probably based on the root ᴹ√KHAL “(small) fish” (Ety/KHAL¹), but may have transferred to ᴹ√SKAL “small fish” when Tolkien revised that root (Ety/SKAL²).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. hala “(small) fish” ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶skala “fish” ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹
    • ᴹ√SKAL “small fish” ✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹

Element in

  • N. heledir(n) “kingsfisher, (lit.) fish-watcher”
  • ᴺS. torchal “shark or other large predatory fish”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶khala > hâl[kʰala] > [xala] > [xal] > [xāl] > [hāl]✧ EtyAC/KHAL¹
Noldorin [EtyAC/KHAL¹] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhim

noun. fish

Noldorin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhim

noun. fish

A noun appearing as N. lhim “fish” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, derived from primitive ᴹ✶liñwi of the same meaning (Ety/LIW), where the labialized velar ñw (> ñgw) became the labial m (< mb) and the initial l unvoiced to lh.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, Tolkien had G. ing “fish” (GL/51), cognate to ᴱQ. ingwe of the same meaning (QL/43). In Gnomish labialized velars only became labials in limited circumstances, so the primitive ng survived.

Neo-Sindarin: Since the unvoicing of initial liquids did not occur in Sindarin, many people adapt this word as ᴺS. lim “fish” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, as suggested in HSD (HSD).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. lingwe “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶liñwi “fish” ✧ Ety/LIW
    • ᴹ√LIW “*fish” ✧ Ety/LIW

Element in

  • N. lhimlug “fish-dragon, sea-serpent” ✧ Ety/LOK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶liñwi > lhimb > lhim[liŋwi] > [liŋgwi] > [liŋgwe] > [limbe] > [limb] > [l̥imb] > [l̥imb] > [l̥imm] > [l̥im]✧ Ety/LIW
Noldorin [Ety/LIW; Ety/LOK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lhimb

noun. fish

Noldorin [Ety/369, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by