amarto

fate

amarto noun "Fate" (also ambar) (LT2:348; in LotR-style Quenya rather umbar, umbart-)

marta

fate

marta (3) noun "fate" (VT45:33, VT46:13) Cf. marto.

Umbarto

fated

Umbarto masc. name, "Fated", mother-name (never used in narrative) of Telufinwë = Amras. The ominous name was altered to Ambarto by Fëanor. (PM:353-354)

umbarto

masculine name. Fated

A name given by Nerdanel to one of her youngest children when Fëanor insisted she given them distinct names, though she did not say to which it applied (PM/353). It is a masculinized form of umbar “fate, doom”. Fëanor altered it to the less ominous sounding Ambarto.

Cognates

• S. Amarthan “Fated One” ✧ VT41/10

Elements

Word	Gloss
umbar	“fate, doom, curse”

ambar

fate, doom

ambar (2) noun "fate, doom" (variant of umbar?) in Turambar (SA:amarth); stem ambart- (PE17:66), instrumental ambartanen "by doom" (Silm ch. 21, UT:138, PE17:66). The early "Qenya" lexicon has ambar "Fate", also amarto (LT2:348)

ambar

noun. fate, doom, fate, doom, [ᴱQ.] lot

umbar

fate, doom

umbar (umbart-, as in dat.sg. umbarten) noun "fate, doom" (MBARAT), also name of tengwa #6 (Appendix E).Cf. Umbarto. In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, umbar was the name of letter #18 (VT45:33), which tengwa Tolkien would later call malta instead changing its Quenya value from mb to m. In the word Tarumbar "King of the World" (q.v.), umbar appears to be a variant of Ambar (q.v.) instead.

heren

fortune

heren (2) noun "fortune", etymologically "governance" ("and so what is in store for one and what one has in store") (KHER).Herendil masc. name *"Fortune-friend" = Eadwine, Edwin, _Audoin(LR:52, 56, cf. the Etymologies, stems KHER-, NIL/NDIL)_

mandë

doom, final end, fate, fortune

mandë (1) noun "doom, final end, fate, fortune" (usually = final bliss) (MANAD, under MAN)

marto

fortune, fate, lot

marto (2) noun "fortune, fate, lot" (LT2:348); cf. marta # 3 and see mart-.

umbar

noun. fate, doom, curse

Cognates

• S. amarth “fate, doom” ✧ PE17/066; PE17/104; PE17/104; PE17/123; PE17/124; PE18/092; NM/228

Derivations

• ✶ṃbart(ă) “fate, doom; (orig.) permanent establishment” ✧ NM/228; PE17/123; PE17/124; PE18/092; PE19/077
  • √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live” ✧ NM/228; PE17/124
• √M(B)ARAT “doom, fate” ✧ PE17/066
  • √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live”
• √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live” ✧ PE17/104; PE17/105
• ✶ṃbar ✧ PE17/104; PE17/104
  • √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live”

Element in

• Q. a Túrin Turambar turún’ ambartanen “[O] master of doom by doom mastered” ✧ S/223; UT/138
• Q. calambar “*light-fated”
• ᴺQ. morumbar “dark-fated”
• Q. Umbarto “Fated”
• ᴺQ. umbarwa “fateful”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ṃbart- > umbar	[ṃbart] > [umbart] > [umbar]	✧ PE19/077

Variations

• ambar ✧ PE17/066
• Umbar ✧ PE17/163 (Umbar)

Umbardacil

umbar-victor

Umbardacil masc. name (or title) "Umbar-victor" (Appendix A); the place-name Umbar is not Quenya and has no connection with umbar "fate".

manar

doom, final end, fate, fortune

manar noun "doom, final end, fate, fortune" (usually = final bliss) (MANAD (under MAN), VT45:32)

umbar

noun. doom

doom

marto

noun. fortune, fate, lot, luck

Elements

Word	Gloss
marta	“fated, fey; fate”

amarth

noun. fate

n. fate. Q. umbar. >> Amon Amarth

amarth

fate

1b n. fate, doom. Q. ambar (ambart-). >> Amon Amarth

amarth

fate

n. fate, doom. Q. umbar. . This gloss was rejected.

ammarth

fate

n. fate, doom. ammarth > amarth. . This gloss was rejected.

amarth

noun. fate, doom

amarth

noun. fate, doom

Cognates

• Q. umbar “fate, doom, curse” ✧ PE17/066; PE17/104; PE17/104; PE17/123; PE17/124; PE18/092; NM/228

Derivations

• √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live” ✧ NM/226; PE17/104
• ✶ṃbart(ă) “fate, doom; (orig.) permanent establishment” ✧ NM/228; PE17/124; PE18/092; VT41/10
  • √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live” ✧ NM/228; PE17/124
• √M(B)ARAT “doom, fate” ✧ PE17/066
  • √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live”
• ✶mbartā- “to define, decree, destine” ✧ PE17/104
  • √M(B)ARAT “doom, fate”
  • √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live”
  • √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live” ✧ PE17/104

Element in

• S. Amarthan “Fated One” ✧ VT41/10
• S. Amon Amarth “Mount Doom, (lit.) Hill of Doom” ✧ PE17/066; PE17/104; PE17/114; PE17/123; SA/amarth
• S. Cabed Naeramarth “Leap of Dreadful Doom” ✧ S/224; SA/amarth
• S. Turamarth “Master of Doom” ✧ SA/amarth
• S. Úmarth “Ill-fate” ✧ SA/amarth

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶mbartā > ṃbartā > ambarta > amarth	[ṃbartā] > [ambartā] > [ambarta] > [ambartʰa] > [ambarθa] > [ambarθ] > [ammarθ] > [amarθ]	✧ PE17/104
✶ṃbart(ă) > ammarth > amarth	[ṃbarta] > [ṃbart] > [ambart] > [ambartʰ] > [ambarθ] > [ammarθ] > [amarθ]	✧ PE17/124

Variations

• ammarth ✧ PE18/092 (Ln. ammarth); VT41/10
• Amarth ✧ PMI/Amarth

ammarth

noun. fate, doom

amarth

fate

amarth (doom), pl. emerth; also manadh (i vanadh) (doom, final end, fortune [usually = final bliss]), pl. menaidh (i menaidh);

amarth

fate

(doom), pl. emerth; also manadh (i vanadh) (doom, final end, fortune [usually = final bliss]), pl. menaidh (i menaidh);

amarthan

fated

amarthan (pl. emerthain)

amarthan

fated

(pl. emerthain)

úmarth

evil fate

(pl. úmerth)

manadh

fortune

(usually = final bliss) manadh (i vanadh) (doom, final end, fate), pl. menaidh (i menaidh). Cf. .

manadh

fortune

(i vanadh) (doom, final end, fate), pl. menaidh (i menaidh). Cf.

amarth

doom

(noun) 1) amarth (fate), pl. emerth; 2) band (i mand, o mband; construct ban) (custody, prison, safekeeping, duress, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath. 3) manadh (i vanadh) (final end, fate, fortune [usually = final bliss]), pl. menaidh (i menaidh)

amarth

doom

(fate), pl. emerth

bartha

doom

(verb) bartha- (i martha, i mbarthar)

bartha

doom

(i martha, i mbarthar)

band

doom

(i mand, o mband; construct ban) (custody, prison, safekeeping, duress, hell), pl. baind (i mbaind), coll. pl. bannath.

manadh

doom

(i vanadh) (final end, fate, fortune [usually = final bliss]), pl. menaidh (i menaidh)

m(b)arat

root. doom, fate

This root and ones like it were connected to “fate” throughout Tolkien’s life. It first appeared as ᴱ√MṚTṚ or ᴱ√M(B)ṚTṚ “chance” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. mart “a piece of luck”, ᴱQ. mart- “it happens” and ᴱQ. marto “fortune, fate, lot” (QL/63). Thus in QL it seems to have more to do with happenstance than destiny, but in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon its derivatives were G. Bridwen “Fate personified”, G. mart(os) “portion, fate, lot”, G. martion “fated, doomed, fey”, and G. umbart or umrod “fate” (GL/24, 56, 75), so perhaps the root meaning had already begun to shift.

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root appeared as ᴹ√MBARAT “fate” (Ety/MBARAT); this replaced an earlier unstrengthened version ᴹ√MAR-TA, as reflected in the change of the Noldorin form from N. marth >> N. barth (EtyAC/MBARAT), later still N. ammarth >> S. amarth (Ety/MBARAT; SA/amarth). In Notes on Galadriel’s Song (NGS) from the late 1950s or early 1960s Tolkien explicitly said that the root √MAR(AT) or √MBART “doom, fate” was not connected to √MBAR “dwell” (PE17/66), but in notes from the late 1960s he changed his mind and made an etymological connection between the two roots: see √MBAR for details.

Derivations

• √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live”

Derivatives

• ✶mbartā- “to define, decree, destine”
  • Q. marta- “to define, decree, destine, to define, decree, destine; [ᴱQ.] to happen (impers.), chance” ✧ PE17/104
  • S. amarth “fate, doom” ✧ PE17/104
  • S. amartha- “to define, decree, destine” ✧ PE17/104
• Q. marto “tower” ✧ NM/228
• Q. umbar “fate, doom, curse” ✧ PE17/066
• S. amarth “fate, doom” ✧ PE17/066
• S. barad “tower, great towering building, tower, great towering building, [N.] fort, fortress” ✧ NM/228

Variations

• ṃbarat ✧ NM/228
• MAR(AT) ✧ PE17/066; PE17/163
• MBART ✧ PE17/066; PE17/163

ṃbart(ă)

noun. fate, doom; (orig.) permanent establishment

Derivations

• √MBAR “settle, dwell; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision, settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live” ✧ NM/228; PE17/124

Derivatives

• Q. umbar “fate, doom, curse” ✧ NM/228; PE17/123; PE17/124; PE18/092; PE19/077
• S. amarth “fate, doom” ✧ NM/228; PE17/124; PE18/092; VT41/10

Element in

• Q. Turambar “Master of Doom, Master of Fate” ✧ PE17/124

Variations

• ṃbar’tă ✧ NM/228
• mbart- ✧ PE17/123; PE18/092
• ṃbar(t) ✧ PE17/124
• ṃbart- ✧ PE19/077
• ambart- ✧ VT41/10

barth

noun. fate

amarthan

adjective. fated

ammarth

noun. fate, doom

ammarth

noun. fate, doom

should be amarth because [[n|[mm] shortened]] @@@

Changes

• marth → barth “fate” ✧ EtyAC/MBARAT
• marth → barth “fate” ✧ EtyAC/SIL

Cognates

• ᴹQ. marta “fated, fey; fate” ✧ EtyAC/MBARAT; EtyAC/SIL
• ᴹQ. umbar “fate, doom” ✧ Ety/MBARAT

Derivations

• ᴹ√MBARAT “fate” ✧ Ety/MBARAT; EtyAC/MBARAT; EtyAC/SIL

Element in

• N. Dolamarth “Mount Doom”
• N. Turumarth “Master of Fate, Conqueror of Fate” ✧ Ety/MBARAT

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√MBARAT > ammarth	[ambarta] > [ambartʰa] > [ambarθa] > [ambarθ] > [ambarθ] > [ammarθ]	✧ Ety/MBARAT

Variations

• marth ✧ EtyAC/MBARAT (marth); EtyAC/SIL (marth)
• barth ✧ EtyAC/MBARAT; EtyAC/SIL

ammarth

noun. doom

doom

bartha-

verb. to doom

manadh

noun. final bliss

manadh

noun. doom, final end, fate, fortune

manadh

noun. doom, final end, fate, fortune; final bliss

Cognates

• ᴹQ. manar “doom, final end, fate, fortune; final bliss” ✧ Ety/MANAD

Derivations

• ᴹ√MANAD “doom, final end, fate, fortune” ✧ Ety/MANAD

Element in

• N. Manathon “*Bliss-friend”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√MANAD > manað	[manad] > [manað]	✧ Ety/MANAD

Variations

• manað ✧ Ety/MANAD