-ā

suffix. adjectival

Derivatives

• Q. -a “adjectival suffix”

Element in

• ✶elenā “connected with or concerning the stars”
• ✶lindā “*sweet sounding” ✧ WJ/382

Variations

• ā ✧ PE21/82

-ā̆

suffix. active verbal suffix

Element in

• ✶tura-mbar “master of fate” ✧ PE17/104

Variations

• ā̆ ✧ PE17/104

-ya

suffix. adjectival suffix

Derivatives

• Q. -ëa “ordinal suffix” ✧ VT42/25
• Q. -ya “his, her, its (colloquial)” ✧ VT49/17
• S. -i “adjectival suffix” ✧ VT42/10
• S. -ui “-ful, having quality, adjective suffix; possibility, suitability [as verbal suffix], *-able” ✧ VT42/10; VT42/25; VT42/25

Element in

• ✶minya “first” ✧ VT42/25
• ✶otsōyā “seventh” ✧ VT42/25
• ✶-syā “his, her, its” ✧ VT49/17
• Q. lepenya “fifth” ✧ VT42/25
• Q. minya “first; eminent, prominent” ✧ VT42/25
• Q. nelya “third” ✧ VT42/25

Variations

• jā ✧ PE21/78
• -i ✧ PE21/81
• -jā̆ ✧ PE21/81
• -jā ✧ PE22/136; VT49/17
• -yā ✧ VT42/25
• ō-yā ✧ VT42/25
• ū-yā ✧ VT42/25

-ni

suffix. adjectival suffix

Seen in lugni < LUG, luini < LUY and ninkwi < NIKW (with subsequent metathesis). Possibly a (rare) variant of -nā and/or -i.

il

root. all

A root meaning “all” in Tolkien’s writings from the 1930s through 1960s (VT48/25) with derivatives in both Quenya and Sindarin, the most notable being Q. Ilúvatar “All-father” (MR/39). Its earliest precursor is the root ᴱ√ILU “ether, the slender airs among the stars” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, whose derivatives include various sky-words as well as ᴱQ. Ilúvatar, since in this early period the name meant “Heavenly Father” (QL/42). The meaning of the root shifted to ᴹ√IL “all” in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/IL), and it retained this sense thereafter.

Derivatives

• ✶ilū “all, everything, the whole”
  • Q. ilu “everything, all, the whole, everything, all, the whole; [ᴹQ.] universe, world; [ᴱQ.] ether” ✧ VT39/20
  • ᴺS. ilu “universe, the whole, cosmos”
• Q. il- “every, *all”
• Q. ilya “every, each, all (of a particular group of things), every, each, all (of a particular group of things), [ᴹQ.] the whole”
• S. il “*all”

Element in

• Q. Ilion
• Q. Ilwen
• ᴺS. illad “everything”

khīnā

noun. child

Derivations

• √KHIN “child” ✧ WJ/403

Derivatives

• Q. hína “child” ✧ WJ/403
• S. hên “child” ✧ WJ/403

Variations

• khīnā/khinā ✧ WJ/403

khin

root. child

A root appearing in Notes on Names (NN) from 1957 with the gloss “child” (PE17/157), and again in the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60 with the same gloss (WJ/403). It was the basis for the words Q. hína and S. hên “child”, which were probably inspired by the Adûnaic patronymic suffix -hin that Tolkien introduced in the 1940s as part of Êruhin “Child of God” (SD/358), originally an Adûnaic word but later on used in Sindarin (Let/345; MR/330). This root might be a later iteration of the early root ᴱ√HILI from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s whose derivatives had to do with children (QL/40). As evidence of this, the Adûnaic word was first given as Eruhil (SD/341).

Derivatives

• Ad. -hin “child, patronymic”
• ✶khīnā “child” ✧ WJ/403
  • Q. hína “child” ✧ WJ/403
  • S. hên “child” ✧ WJ/403
• Q. hína “child” ✧ PE17/157
• Q. hindë “[unglossed]” ✧ PE17/157
• Q. hindo “[unglossed]” ✧ PE17/157
• ᴺQ. hinta- “to adopt”
• Q. hinyë “baby”

Variations

• khin ✧ WJ/403