mallë

street, road

mallë pl. maller noun"street, road" (MBAL, LR:47, 56, LT1:263, SD:310)

ranta

noun. course

Cognates

• S. rant “course, water-channel; lode, course, water-channel; lode, [N.] vein”

Derivations

• ✶rantā “tracks and trails of travellers or explorers that had become habitual and could be followed by others”
  • √RAT “to find a way” ✧ NM/363

rath

noun. street

n. street.

rath

noun. street, street; [N.] course, river-bed

Cognates

• ᴺQ. ratta “street, course, river-bed”

Derivations

• ✶ratta “a track” ✧ NM/363
  • √RAT “to find a way” ✧ NM/363
• √RATH “climb (with hands and feet, as in a tree or up a rocky slope)” ✧ UT/255

Element in

• S. Andrath “Long Climb”
• S. Raith ’Ngorthrim “Paths of the Dead” ✧ RC/526 (Raith ’Ngorthrim)
• S. imrath “long narrow valley with road or watercourse running through it lengthwise, *(lit.) valley course”
• S. Rath Celerdain “Lampwrights’ Street” ✧ PE17/096; RC/523
• S. Rath Dínen “Silent Street” ✧ NM/364; RC/551; UT/255
• S. Rathlóriel “Golden-bed”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ratta > rath	[rattā] > [ratta] > [rattʰa] > [raθθa] > [raθθ] > [raθ]	✧ NM/363
√rath- > rath	[ratʰē] > [ratʰē] > [raθe] > [raθ]	✧ UT/255

Variations

• Rath ✧ RC/523; RC/551

rath

noun. course, riverbed

rath

noun. street (in a city)

othrad

noun. street

ŷr

noun. course

rath

street

(climb, climbing path, course, riverbed), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255).

rath

climbing path

(street, course, riverbed), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255)

rath

course

rath (climb, climbing path, street, riverbed), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255)

rath

course

(climb, climbing path, street, riverbed), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255)

rath

riverbed

rath (climb, climbing path, street, course), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255)

rath

riverbed

(climb, climbing path, street, course), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255)

rath

climbing path

rath (street, course, riverbed), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255)

rath

climbing path

rath (street, course, riverbed), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255).

andrath

long climb

(high pass), pl. endraith,

othrad

street

1) *othrad (pl. ethraid for archaic öthraid). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” ostrad. 2) rath (climb, climbing path, course, riverbed), pl. raist (idh raist) (UT:255). 3)

othrad

noun. street

othrad

street

(pl. ethraid for archaic öthraid). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” ostrad.

yr

course

; no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. yrath). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” iôr.

ŷr

course

*ŷr (construct yr; no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. yrath). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” iôr.

rath-

verb. climb

Derivations

• √RATH “climb (with hands and feet, as in a tree or up a rocky slope)” ✧ NM/367

Variations

• rath ✧ NM/368

rath

root. climb (with hands and feet, as in a tree or up a rocky slope)

Tolkien gave various roots meaning “climb” in the 1940s, 50s and 60s. The first of these was ᴹ√RAP “climb (as a tree by clinging[?])” on a rejected page of verbal roots in the Quenya Verbal System of the 1940s, with a single derived (verb?) form ᴹQ. rampa (PE22/127). In 1957 Notes on Names (NN) Tolkien gave √RET “climb” as part of an explanation of the name S. Orodreth, translated there as “Mountaineer (= ✱mountain climber)”, the only place Tolkien ever explained this name (PE17/182).

The root √RATH “climb” appeared in a 1968-69 explanation of the name S. Amroth as “upclimber, high climber” along with other words like Q. rasillo “squirrel” and Q. rantala “ladder” (UT/245; NM/363, 367). In these same notes Tolkien said S. rath “street” was influenced by this root, as it “applied to all the longer roadways and streets of Minas Tirith, nearly all of which were on an incline” (UT/255 note #16); he also said Sindarin had no other clear derivatives of the root (NM/363). Tolkien briefly mentioned √RAP “climb” in these same notes as a root that Sindarin did have, but this section was rejected (NM/367). Finally √RATH appeared in 1970 green-ink revisions to the Outline of Phonology, but there the root was unglossed (PE19/89 and note #101).

Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think √RAP is best abandoned, but I think it is worth retaining √RET as well as √RATH (verb vs. noun?), especially since √RATH seems to be unused in Sindarin, with the exception of its influence on S. rath.

Derivatives

• Nan. rath- “climb” ✧ NM/367
• ✶arthā ✧ PE19/089
• ✶ranthlā “ladder” ✧ NM/363
  • Q. rantala “ladder” ✧ NM/363
• Q. rasillo “squirrel” ✧ NM/363
• S. rath “street, street; [N.] course, river-bed” ✧ UT/255
• T. rath- “to climb” ✧ NM/363
• At. -rātho “climber” ✧ NM/363; NM/367

Element in

• S. Amroth “Up-climber, High Climber” ✧ UT/255

Variations

• rath- ✧ UT/255

rap

root. climb

ret

root. climb

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. ret- “to climb”
• Q. retto “*climber” ✧ PE17/182
• S. reth “*climber” ✧ PE17/182

Element in

• ᴺS. red- “to climb”

Variations

• RETE ✧ PE17/182

rath

noun. course, riverbed

rath

noun. street (in a city)

rath

noun. course, river-bed

Derivations

• On. rattha “course, river-bed” ✧ Ety/RAT
  • ᴹ✶rattā̆ “course, river-bed” ✧ Ety/RAT
  • ᴹ√RAT “walk, go in a line (as a road), go in a line (as a road), walk” ✧ Ety/RAT

Element in

• N. Andrath
• N. Bered Ondrath “*Towers of the Stone Road” ✧ WR/340
• N. Celeb(rind)rath “Silverlode”
• N. Rathcarn “Red Way”
• N. Ered Nimrath “White Mountains”
• N. pendrath “passage up or down slope, stairway”
• N. Rath a Chelerdain “Street of the Lampwrights” ✧ WR/388
• N. Rath Dínen “Silent Street”
• N. Rathloriel “Golden-bed, Bed of Gold” ✧ Ety/RAT

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. rattha > rath	[raθθa] > [raθθ] > [raθ]	✧ Ety/RAT

Variations

• Rath ✧ WR/388

ostrad

noun. street

ostrad

noun. street

iôr

noun. course

iôr

noun. course

Derivations

• On. yura “course” ✧ Ety/YUR
  • ᴹ√YUR “run” ✧ Ety/YUR

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. yura > iôr	[jura] > [jora] > [jor] > [jōr]	✧ Ety/YUR