An adjective for “mighty” derived from the root √MBELEK in a page of notes having to do with “large & small” words, probably from the late 1960s (PE17/115), apparently from the primitive form ✱✶mbelektā (with [kt] > [ht]). A variant form meletya appears with the 2nd-plural possessive suffix -lda as Meletyalda “your mighty” in the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60 (WJ/369), likely from the primitive form ✱✶mbelekya (with [kj] > [tj]). This variant form has a more typical primitive adjective suffix ✶-ya, but is inconsistent with the attested Sindarin cognate S. belaith, so I’d stick with melehta for purposes of Neo-Quenya.
Quenya
melehta
mighty
melehta
adjective. mighty
Cognates
- S. belaith “mighty” ✧ PE17/115
Derivations
Element in
- Q. Aran Meletyalda “king your mighty” ✧ WJ/369
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √mbelek > melehta [mbelekta] > [melekta] > [melexta] ✧ PE17/115
meletya
mighty
#meletya adj. "mighty", isolated from meletyalda adjective with suffix "your mighty" = "your majesty" (see -lda; meletya = *"mighty"). In full Aran Meletyalda "king your mighty" = "your majesty" (WJ:369). Compare melehta.
meletya
adjective. mighty
taura
mighty, masterful
taura adj. "mighty, masterful" (TUR, PE17:115), "very mighty, vast, of unmeasured might or size" (VT39:10). Cf. túrëa.
túrëa
adjective. mighty, masterful, mighty, masterful, *having political power
velicë
great
velicë ("k") adj. "great" _(LT1:254; probably not valid in Tolkien's later Quenya; in the context of the Etymologies it would have to be derived from _BEL, but it is stated that this stem was "not found in Q". Perhaps Tolkien rejected velicë because it was too similar to the Russian word that clearly inspired it.)
Amarië
good
Amarië fem. name; perhaps derived from mára "good" with prefixing of the stem-vowel and the feminine ending -ië (Silm)
Poldórëa
valiant
Poldórëa adj. "Valiant"; as title of Tulkas replaced by Astaldo (POL/POLOD, MR:146, 149. In GL:64, poldórëa is glossed "mighty", in QL:75, "muscular".)
Naira
vast, wide, empty
naira (2) adj. "vast, wide, empty" (PE17:27)
pol
large, big (strong)
pol (2) adj. "large, big (strong)". Since this would be the sole example of a monosyllabic Quenya adjective, it may be that Tolkien is here citing the root POL rather than a complete word. Cf. polda.
ala-
good
ala- (3), also al-, a prefix expressing "good" or "well" (PE17:146), as in alaquenta (q.v.) Whether Tolkien imagined this ending to coexist with the negative prefix of the same form (#2 above) is unclear and perhaps dubious.
alta
large, great in size
alta (1) adj. *"large, great in size" (root meaning)(ÁLAT). Alat- in Alatairë, q.v.
mára
adjective. good
-úmë
large
-úmë (3) suffix "large" (of quantity)", as in liyúmë "host" (VT48:32)
alat-
large, great in size
alat- prefix "large, great in size". (ÁLAT, cf. VT45:5). In Alatairë.
mára
adjective. good, proper, good, proper; [ᴹQ.] useful, fit, good (of things), [ᴱQ.] excellent; mighty, power, doughty
Cognates
- S. maer “good, excellent, fair, good, excellent, fair; [N.] useful, fit, good (of things)” ✧ PE17/172
Derivations
- ✶magrā “good, useful, proper, fit” ✧ PE17/016
- √MAG “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state, good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; [ᴹ√] use, handle” ✧ VT47/06
- √MAG “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state, good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; [ᴹ√] use, handle” ✧ PE17/162; PE17/172
- ✶manrā “good” ✧ PE17/162
- √MAN “good (morally), blessed, holy, unmarred, free from evil, good (morally), blessed, holy, unmarred, free from evil; [ᴹ√] holy spirit” ✧ PE17/162
Element in
- ᴺQ. alamára “no-good”
- Q. alasaila ná lá carë tai mo nave mára “it is unwise not to do what one judges good” ✧ PE22/154; VT42/33
- Q. carë mára quí tyarë naxa “doing good may cause evil” ✧ PE22/154
- Q. lá carita i hamil mára alasaila ná “not to do (in this case) what you judge good (would be) unwise” ✧ PE22/154; VT42/33
- Q. la navin caritalyas mára “I do not advise you to do so, (lit.) I don’t judge your doing (it) good” ✧ PE22/154; VT42/33
- Q. mára ná “it is good” ✧ PE17/093
- Q. mára tyen “good to you = like” ✧ PE22/166
- Q. márië “well, happily; goodness, good estate, being well, happiness” ✧ PE17/058; PE17/058; PE17/074; PE17/162; PE17/162
- Q. máralë “goodness” ✧ PE17/058
- Q. namárië “farewell, (lit.) be well, let it be well (to you)” ✧ PE17/059
- Q. nás mára nin “I like it” ✧ VT49/30
- Q. roccor i Erulingaron márë nár (ma naitë)? “the horses of the Rohirrim are good (are they not, lit. is it true)” ✧ PE22/166
- Q. ta mára “so good” ✧ VT49/12
- Q. úmara “bad, ill-used, evil, sinister” ✧ VT49/15
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶magra > māra [magra] > [maɣra] > [māra] ✧ PE17/016 √MAGA > mára [magra] > [maɣra] > [māra] ✧ PE17/162 ✶manrā > māra [manrā] > [mārā] > [māra] ✧ PE17/162 √MAG > mára [magra] > [maɣra] > [māra] ✧ PE17/172 Variations
- māra ✧ PE17/016; PE17/074; PE17/162
- marna ✧ PE17/162 (marna)
- mara ✧ VT49/30
yána
vast, huge; wide
yána (1) adj. "vast, huge; wide" (PE17:99, 115); also yanda, q.v.
úra
large
úra (2) adj. "large" (UR), probably obsoleted by #1 above
nerdo
large, strong man
nerdo noun "large, strong man" (compare nér) (VT47:33)
velca
adjective. large, great, big
Cognates
- S. beleg “great, mighty; large, big, great, mighty; large, big, [ᴱN.] huge” ✧ PE17/115
Derivations
Variations
velka✧ PE17/115 (velka)velke✧ PE17/115 (velke)
Vala
power, god, angelic power
Vala (1) noun "Power, God, angelic power", pl. Valar or Vali (BAL, Appendix E, LT2:348), described as "angelic governors" or "angelic guardians" (Letters:354, 407). The Valar are a group of immensely powerful spirits guarding the world on behalf of its Creator; they are sometimes called Gods (as when Valacirca, q.v., is translated "Sickle of the Gods"), but this is strictly wrong according to Christian terminology: the Valar were created beings. The noun vala is also the name of tengwa #22 (Appendix E). Genitive plural Valion "of the Valar" (FS, MR:18); this form shows the pl. Vali, (irregular) alternative to Valar (the straightforward gen. pl. Valaron is also attested, PE17:175). Pl. allative valannar *"to/on the Valar" (LR:47, 56; SD:246). Feminine form Valië (Silm), in Tolkiens earlier material also Valdë; his early writings also list Valon or Valmo (q.v.) as specifically masc. forms. The gender-specific forms are not obligatory; thus in PE17:22 Varda is called a Vala (not a Valië), likewise Yavanna in PE17:93. Vala is properly or originally a verb "has power" (sc. over the matter of Eä, the universe), also used as a noun "a Power" _(WJ:403). The verb vala- "rule, order", exclusively used with reference to the Valar, is only attested in the sentences á vala Manwë! "may Manwë order it!" and Valar valuvar "the will of the Valar will be done" (WJ:404). However, Tolkien did not originally intend the word Valar to signify "powers"; in his early conception it apparently meant "the happy ones", cf. valto, vald- (LT2:348)_. For various compounds including the word Vala(r), see below.
herwa
adjective. lordly
Elements
Word Gloss heru “lord, master”
melehta adj. "mighty" (PE17:115), cf. meletya